x:=5
y:=3
Assignment (=) | It assigns the result of the expression written on the right side to the variable written on the left side. | x = 10 or x = y+10 or x = x+5, etc. |
Add and Assignment (+=) | It is the combination of '+' and '=' operators, it adds the given value with the current value of the variable and assigns it to the variable. | x +=y is equivalent to x = x+y |
Subtract and Assignment (-=) | It is the combination of '-' and '=' operators, it subtracts the given value with the current value of the variable and assigns it to the variable. | x -=y is equivalent to x = x-y |
Multiply and Assignment (*=) | It is the combination of '*' and '=' operators, it multiplies the given value with the current value of the variable and assigns it to the variable. | x *=y is equivalent to x = x*y |
Divide and Assignment (/=) | It is the combination of '/' and '=' operators, it divides the given value with the current value of the variable and assigns it to the variable. | x /=y is equivalent to x = x/y |
Modulus and Assignment (%=) | It is the combination of '%' and '=' operators, it finds the remainder of the current value of the variable with the given value and assigns it to the variable. | x %=y is equivalent to x = x%y |
Bitwise AND Assignment (&=) | It is the combination of '&' and '=' operators, it performs the Bitwise AND operation with the current value of the variable and the given value and assigns the result to the variable. | x &=y is equivalent to x = x&y |
Bitwise OR Assignment (|=) | It is the combination of '|' and '=' operators, it performs the Bitwise OR operation with the current value of the variable and the given value and assigns the result to the variable. | x |=y is equivalent to x = x|y |
Bitwise XOR Assignment (^=) | It is the combination of '^' and '=' operators, it performs the Bitwise XOR operation with the current value of the variable and the given value and assigns the result to the variable. | x ^=y is equivalent to x = x^y |
Bitwise Left Shift Assignment (<<=) | It is the combination of '<<' and '=' operators, it performs the Bitwise Left-shift operation with the current value of the variable and the given value and assigns the result to the variable. | x <<=y is equivalent to x = x<<y |
Bitwise Right Shift Assignment (>>=) | It is the combination of '>>' and '=' operators, it performs the Bitwise Left-shift operation with the current value of the variable and the given value and assigns the result to the variable. | x >>=y is equivalent to x = x>>y |
Example of Golang Assignment Operators
The below Golang program is demonstrating the example of assignment operators.
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Short Variable Declaration Operator(:=) in Go
Short Variable Declaration Operator(:=) in Golang is used to create the variables having a proper name and initial value. The main purpose of using this operator to declare and initialize the local variables inside the functions and to narrowing the scope of the variables. The type of the variable is determined by the type of the expression. var keyword is also used to create the variables of a specific type. So you can say that there are two ways to create the variables in Golang as follows:
- Using the var keyword
- Using the short variable declaration operator(:=)
In this article, we will only discuss the short variable declaration operator. To know about var keyword you can refer var keyword in Go . You can also read the difference between var keyword and short variable declaration operator to get a proper idea of using both.
Syntax of using short variable declaration operator:
Here, you must initialize the variable just after declaration. But using var keyword you can avoid initialization at the time of declaration. There is no need to mention the type of the variable . Expression or value on the right-hand side is used to evaluate the type of the variable.
Example: Here, we are declaring the variables using short declaration operator and we are not specifying the type of the variable. The type of the variable is determined by the type of the expression on the right-hand side of := operator.
Declaring Multiple Variables Using Short Declaration Operator (:=)
Short Declaration operator can also be used to declare multiple variables of the same type or different types in the single declaration. The type of these variables is evaluated by the expression on the right-hand side of := operator.
Example:
Important Points:
- Short declaration operator can be used when at least one of the variable in the left-hand side of := operator is newly declared. A short variable declaration operator behaves like an assignment for those variables which are already declared in the same lexical block. To get a better idea about this concept, let’s take an example. Example 1: Below program will give an error as there are no new variables in the left-hand side of the := operator .
./prog.go:17:10: no new variables on left side of :=
Example 2: In the below program, you can see that the line of code geek3, geek2 := 456, 200 will work fine without any error as there is at least a new variable i.e. geek3 on the left-hand side of := operator.
- Go is a strongly typed language as you cannot assign a value of another type to the declared variable. Example:
./prog.go:16:4: no new variables on left side of := ./prog.go:16:7: cannot use “Golang” (type string) as type int in assignment
- In a short variable declaration, it is allowed to initializing a set of variables by the calling function which returns multiple values. Or you can say variables can also be assigned values that are evaluated during run time. Example:
Local Variables or Global Variables?
With the help of short variable declaration operator(:=) you can only declare the local variable which has only block-level scope. Generally, local variables are declared inside the function block. If you will try to declare the global variables using the short declaration operator then you will get an error.
Example 1:
./prog.go:15:1: syntax error: non-declaration statement outside function body
Output:
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Array Assignment in Go: Content copy or Content pointer copy
While learning nuances of array data structure in Go I came across an interesting confusion. I have learnt from blog.golang.org that -
when you assign or pass around an array value you will make a copy of its contents.
To check this myself I wrote the following piece of code:
Doing exactly the same thing in Java I got same internal object address for x and y as expected.
Go Code: https://play.golang.org/p/04l0l84eT4J
Java code: https://pastebin.ubuntu.com/p/S3fHMTj5NC/
is a slice , not an array .
If you make x an array:
then you'll see the results you're expecting:
produces output like this:
https://play.golang.org/p/-3ZNPwlD1WT
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A short variable declaration uses the syntax: ShortVarDecl = IdentifierList ":=" ExpressionList . It is a shorthand for a regular variable declaration with initializer expressions but no types: "var" IdentifierList = ExpressionList . Assignments. Assignment = ExpressionList assign_op ExpressionList . assign_op = [ add_op | mul_op ] "=" .
Inside a function, the := short assignment statement can be used in place of a var declaration with implicit type. Outside a function, every statement begins with a keyword (var, func, and so on) and so the := construct is not available. < 10/17 >. short-variable-declarations.go Syntax Imports.
from the reference doc : (tour.golang.org) Inside a function, the := short assignment statement can be used in place of a var declaration with implicit type. Outside a function, every construct begins with a keyword (var, func, and so on) and the := construct is not available. answered Aug 23, 2013 at 8:05.
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. In the example below, we use the assignment operator (=) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x: Example. package main import ("fmt") func main() { var x = 10 fmt.Println(x)}
The phrase i := 1032049348 is a declaration and assignment statement that consists of a few parts: the variable name (i) ... (or GoLang) is a modern programming language originally developed by Google that uses high-level syntax similar to scripting languages. It is popular for its minimal syntax and innovative handling of concurrency, as well ...
The multi-valued assignment form of the receive operator reports whether a received value was sent before the channel was closed. A single channel may be used in send statements, receive operations, and calls to the built-in functions cap and len by any number of goroutines without further synchronization. Channels act as first-in-first-out queues.
In Go, we can also use an assignment operator together with an arithmetic operator. For example, number := 2 number += 6. Here, += is additional assignment operator. It first adds 6 to the value of number (2) and assigns the final result (8) to number. Here's a list of various compound assignment operators available in Golang.
This post will briefly describe the differences between the assignments and short variable declarations in Go. It assumes that you have completed A Tour of Go and have consulted relevant sections of Effective Go and the target audience is primarily newcomers to the Go programming language.. The assignment operator (=) is used to perform assignments (i.e. to assign or reassign values to already ...
Golang Variable Declaration. Lets look at the declaration of an integer type: var i int = 5. This declares a variable named i of type int with a value of 5. The Go compiler is pretty smart, so you can sometimes omit some declarations. For example: var i = 5. The compiler infers that 5 is of type int, and so assigns that type to i.
In the first statement, the variable is declared, whereas it is only re-assigned in the second statement. Now, what is happening here, the second statement is re-assigning a new value to the ...
The following table lists all the assignment operators supported by Go language −. Operator. Description. Example. =. Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand. C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C. +=. Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the ...
The value of an initialized variable with no assignment will be its zero value. Short Variable Declaration. Inside a function (even the main function), the := short assignment statement can be used in place of a var declaration. The := operator infers the type of the new variable based on the value. var empty string. Is the same as: empty := ""
If with a short statement. Like for, the if statement can start with a short statement to execute before the condition. Variables declared by the statement are only in scope until the end of the if. (Try using v in the last return statement.) < 6/14 >. if-with-a-short-statement.go Syntax Imports. 21.
Assignment operators are used for assigning the expressions or values to the variable/ constant etc. These operators assign the result of the right-side expression to the left-side variable or constant. The " = " is an assignment operator. Assignment operators can also be the combinations of some other operators (+, -, *, /, %, etc.) and " = ".
A two-value assignment tests for the existence of a key: i, ok := m["route"] In this statement, the first value (i) is assigned the value stored under the key "route". If that key doesn't exist, i is the value type's zero value (0). The second value (ok) is a bool that is true if the key exists in the map, and false if not.
The = assignment operator assigns the value on the right to a variable on the left. For example, ... (or GoLang) is a modern programming language originally developed by Google that uses high-level syntax similar to scripting languages. It is popular for its minimal syntax and innovative handling of concurrency, as well as for the tools it ...
Last Updated : 17 May, 2021. Short Variable Declaration Operator (:=) in Golang is used to create the variables having a proper name and initial value. The main purpose of using this operator to declare and initialize the local variables inside the functions and to narrowing the scope of the variables. The type of the variable is determined by ...
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12. One possible way to do this in just one line by using a map, simple I am checking whether a > b if it is true I am assigning c to a otherwise b. c := map[bool]int{true: a, false: b}[a > b] However, this looks amazing but in some cases it might NOT be the perfect solution because of evaluation order.
No. Only one 'simple statement' is permitted at the beginning of an if-statement, per the spec. The recommended approach is multiple tests which might return an error, so I think you want something like: genUri := buildUri() if err := setRedisIdentity(genUri, email); err != nil {. return "", err.
Array Assignment in Go: Content copy or Content pointer copy. Ask Question Asked 6 years, 5 months ago. Modified 3 years ago. Viewed 3k times 0 While learning nuances of array data structure in Go I came across an interesting confusion. I have learnt from blog.golang.org that - when you assign or pass around an array value you will make a copy ...