distribution management essay

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What Is Distribution Management?

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Distribution Management: Definition, How It Works, and Advantages

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Distribution management refers to the process of overseeing the movement of goods from supplier or manufacturer to point of sale. It is an overarching term that refers to numerous activities and processes such as packaging, inventory, warehousing , supply chain , and logistics .

Distribution management is an important part of the business cycle for distributors and wholesalers. The profit margins of businesses depend on how quickly they can turn over their goods. The more they sell, the more they earn, which means a better future for the business. Having a successful distribution management system is also important for businesses to remain competitive and to keep customers happy.

Key Takeaways

• Distribution management manages the supply chain for a firm, from vendors and suppliers to manufacturer to point of sale, including packaging, inventory, warehousing, and logistics.
• Adopting a distribution management strategy is important for a company's financial success and corporate longevity.
• Distribution management helps keep things organized and keeps customers satisfied.

Understanding Distribution Management

Distribution management is critical to a company's ability to successfully attract customers and operate profitably. Executing it successfully requires effective management of the entire distribution process. The larger a corporation, or the greater the number of supply points a company has, the more it will need to rely on automation to effectively manage the distribution process .

Modern distribution management encompasses more than just moving products from point A to point B. It also involves gathering and sharing relevant information that can be used to identify key opportunities for growth and competitiveness in the market. Most progressive companies now use their distribution forces to obtain market intelligence which is vital in assessing their competitive position.

There are basically two types of distribution: commercial distribution (commonly known as sales distribution) and physical distribution (better known as logistics). Distribution involves diverse functions such as customer service, shipping, warehousing, inventory control , private trucking-fleet operations, packaging, receiving, materials handling, along with plant, warehouse, store location planning, and the integration of information.

The goal is to achieve ultimate efficiency in delivering raw materials and parts, both partially and completely finished products to the right place and time in the proper condition. Physical distribution planning should align with the overall channel strategy.

Advantages of a Distribution Management Strategy

Aside from keeping profits up, there are many reasons a company may want to use a distribution management strategy. First, it keeps things organized. If there was no proper management system in place, retailers would be forced to hold stock in their own locations—a bad idea, especially if the seller lacks proper storage space.

A distribution management system also makes things easier for the consumer. It allows them to visit one location for a variety of different products. If the system didn't exist, consumers would have to visit multiple locations just to get what they need.

Putting a proper distribution management system in place also alleviates any potential for errors in delivery, as well as the times products need to be delivered.

Businesses can adopt distribution management strategies through electronic platforms, which can help simplify the process and boost product sales.

Distribution Management as a Marketing Function

The fundamental idea of distribution management as a marketing function is that the management of distribution happens in an ecosystem that also involves the consideration of the following:

• Product :   Not always a tangible object, product can also refer to an idea, music, or information.
• Price : This refers to the value of a good or service for both the seller and the buyer, which can involve both tangible and intangible factors, such as list price, discounts, financing, and likely response of customers and competitors.
• Promotion : This is any communication used by a seller to inform, persuade, and/or remind buyers and potential buyers about the seller’s goods, services, image, ideas, and the impact it has on society.
• Placement :   This refers to the process that ensures the availability, accessibility, and visibility of products to ultimate consumers or business users in the target channels or customers where they prefer to buy.

Effective distribution management involves selling your product while assuring sufficient stocks in channels while managing promotions in those channels and their varying requirements. It also involves making sure a supply chain is efficient enough that distribution costs are low enough to allow a product to be sold at the right price, thus supporting your marketing strategy and maximizing profit.

How Does Distribution Management Impact Business?

Distribution management is a key leg in the business cycle for both distributors and wholesalers, with company sales and ongoing profitability impacted by how quickly and efficiently a company can sell and distribute their products.

What Activities Occur During Distribution Management?

Distribution management involves moving finished goods from a manufacturer or supplier to the so-called end user. The process includes warehousing, inventory management, packing, shipping, and delivery.

What Are the Main Distribution Channels?

Distribution channels are the intermediaries through which goods or services pass on their way to the final buyer or consumer. The main channels include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, and in some cases, the internet.

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Marketing91

Distribution Management – Definition, Importance, Types and Factors

June 12, 2023 | By Hitesh Bhasin | Filed Under: Marketing

Table of Contents

What Is Distribution Management?

Distribution management is a strategic business process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient movement of goods from point of origin to point of consumption to meet customers needs. It is the process of organizing and controlling the distribution of products and services to customers. It includes the distribution of physical goods, such as food and clothing, as well as the distribution of digital products, such as software and books.

Distribution management refers to the process of managing the transfer of items from a supplier to a manufacturer, then a wholesaler or retailer, and finally to an end-user. Raw good vendor management, packaging, warehousing, inventory, supply chain , logistics, and even blockchain are all involved in this complicated process.

Distribution management process is vital to any business that sells products or services, as it ensures that the right products are delivered to the right customers at the right time.

The distribution management process begins with the distribution planning stage, in which distribution managers decide which products or services to distribute, and how to distribute them. They then develop distribution strategies and plans and implement these plans through the use of effective distribution management.

Meaning of Distribution Management

Effective distribution management system is critical to a company’s ability to attract consumers and earn profits. Managing the entire distribution process effectively requires good distribution management. The more resources a business requires, the more important it is to automate distribution management.

The distribution management process is more comprehensive than moving goods from point A to point B. It also entails gathering and sharing data that can be utilized to identify key growth and competitive opportunities in the market. Most innovative businesses now employ their distribution resources to gather market knowledge, which is critical for evaluating their marketplace position.

There are two distinct types of distribution: commercial distribution (often referred to as sales distribution) and physical distribution (also known as logistics).

Customer support, shipping along with warehousing, inventory management, private trucking-fleet operations as well as packaging, receiving, and materials handling are just a few of the functions involved in distribution.

The objective is to achieve complete, on-time delivery of raw materials and components, as well as partially completed goods. The physical distribution strategy should be in line with the overall channel plan.

Why Is Distribution Management Important?

Some of the reasons behind the importance of distribution management systems are

1. Improved Customer Service

Offering goods and services to customers as per their requirements leads to improved customer service. This, in turn, helps to build a good relationship with the customers and enhances customer loyalty toward the company.

2. Enhanced Sales and Profits

An effective distribution strategy helps to reach the target audience quickly and efficiently. This results in increased sales and profits for the company.

3. Increased Efficiency

A well-managed distribution system ensures that goods are delivered to the customers on time and in good condition. This leads to increased efficiency and productivity of the company.

4. Reduced Costs

An efficient distribution system helps to reduce distribution costs by optimizing the use of resources. This leads to increased profits for the company.

5. Improved Image

A distribution system that is well-managed and efficient helps to improve the image of the company in the market. This leads to increased sales and profits for the company.

Thus, we see that distribution management is important for a company in order to survive and grow in today’s competitive market. An effective distribution strategy can help a company to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals.

So, it is essential for companies to focus on distribution management in order to stay ahead of the competition.

What Is a Distributor?

A distributor is a business that sells directly to consumers and distributes products to merchants who sell to them.

Consider, for example, a wholesaler of alcoholic beverages that provides alcohol to restaurants, grocery stores, and liquor shops.

The distribution company is the middleman between the alcohol producer and the retailer.

What Does a Distribution Manager Do?

The distribution manager is responsible for managing the distribution of products or services to customers. They develop distribution strategies and plans and implement these plans through the use of distribution channels.

A distribution manager’s duties may include:

• Planning and controlling the distribution of products or services to customers
• Developing distribution strategies and plans
• Implementing distribution plans through the use of a distribution network or different networks
• Monitoring customer demand and inventory levels to optimize customer satisfaction
• Coordinating with suppliers, manufacturers, and other stakeholders in the supply chains
• Negotiating contracts with distributors
• Managing staff and budgets
• What Is a Distribution Channel?

A distribution channel is a channel through which products or services are distributed to customers. These can be direct or indirect and may include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, and e-commerce platforms.

The distribution channel you use will depend on the type of product or service you are selling, and the needs of your customers.

For example, if you are selling a product that is perishable or has a short shelf life, you will likely use a direct distribution channel so that the product can be delivered to the customer quickly.

If you are selling a product that is not time-sensitive, you may use an indirect distribution channel, such as a retailer or e-commerce platform.

Distribution vs. Logistics

The term “logistics” refers to the thorough planning and processes involved in successfully delivering products.

Logistics refers to all of the activities involved in moving things from one place to another. Activities include supply management, temperature controls, bulk and container packaging, security, delivery routing, fleet management, shipment tracking, as well as warehousing. Logistics is an excellent example of physical distribution.

Within the logistics sector, distribution is a management method that focuses on order fulfillment through several distribution management system. The chain of agents and organizations that a good or service travels via on its journey from source to the client is known as a distribution channel.

eCommerce websites, wholesalers, retailers, and 3rd-party or independent distributors are just a few examples of distribution channels. Distribution includes activities such as consumer or commercial packaging, order fulfillment, and delivery. In other words, distribution is the process of getting products from manufacturers to customers.

Distribution Channels

1. Wholesale distribution channels

These are distribution channels in which products travel from the manufacturer to the customer through a wholesaler.

2. Retail distribution channels

These are distribution channels in which products travel from the manufacturer to the customer through a retailer.

3. Direct-to-consumer channels

These are distribution channels in which products travel directly from the manufacturer to the consumer, without going through a middleman.

Direct and Indirect Distribution Channel

The type of distribution channel you use will depend on the type of product or service you are selling, and the needs of your customers.

The main difference between direct and indirect distribution channels is that, in a direct distribution channel, the manufacturer sells directly to the customer.

In an indirect distribution channel, there are one or more intermediaries, such as wholesalers or retailers, between the manufacturer and the customer.

Advantages of Direct Distribution Channels

• There are no middlemen, so the manufacturer can control the distribution of their products.
• The manufacturer has a direct relationship with the customer and can provide them with excellent customer service.
• The manufacturer can sell their products at a lower price because they don’t have to share profits with middlemen.

Disadvantages of Direct Distribution Channels

• The manufacturer has to invest more in distribution, as they will need to set up their own distribution channels and hire staff.
• The manufacturer may not have the reach or resources that middlemen have to get their products to customers.

Advantages of Indirect Distribution Channels

• Middlemen already have distribution channels set up, so the manufacturer doesn’t have to invest as much in distribution.
• Middlemen have the reach and resources to get the manufacturer’s products to customers that they may not have.
• Middlemen can provide valuable services to customers, such as assembly, installation, and repairs.

Disadvantages of Indirect Distribution Channels

• The manufacturer has less control over their products as they are sold through intermediaries.
• The manufacturer may have to share profits with middlemen, which can increase the price of their products.
• The manufacturer may not have a direct relationship with customers, so they may not be able to provide them with excellent customer service.

Factors of Distribution Management

1. buyer’s demands.

The distribution of products is affected by the demands of buyers. For example, if a buyer wants a product to be delivered quickly, the manufacturer will need to use a distribution channel that can provide fast delivery.

2. Shipping optimization

The distribution of products is also affected by shipping optimization. This is the process of ensuring that products are delivered to the customer the most efficiently and cost-effectively possible.

3. Other factors

Other factors that can affect distribution management include the size and location of the manufacturer, the type of product, and the regulations in the country where the product is being sold.

Distribution Management as a Marketing Function

Distribution management is a marketing function that is responsible for the distribution of products and services to customers.

The distribution manager oversees the distribution channels and ensures that products and services are delivered to customers in a timely and efficient manner.

They work with other marketing functions, such as product development, to ensure that products and services meet the needs of customers.

The distribution manager is also responsible for managing the distribution budget and ensuring that distribution costs are within the company’s budget.

What Is the Role of Distribution Management in Supply Chain Management?

The distribution manager is responsible for the distribution of products and services to customers.

The distribution manager works with the supply chain process to ensure that products and services are delivered to customers in a timely and efficient manner.

They also work with the logistics department to ensure that products and services are delivered to customers in a safe and secure manner.

Pros of a Distribution Management Strategy

There are several advantages of a distribution management strategy:

• It helps to ensure that products and services are delivered to customers in a timely and efficient manner.
• It helps to improve customer service by ensuring that products and services are delivered to customers in a safe and secure manner.
• It helps to reduce distribution costs by ensuring that distribution channels are used effectively.

Cons of a Distribution Management Strategy

There are several disadvantages of a distribution management strategy:

• It can be difficult to implement and manage.
• It can be costly to maintain.
• It can be time-consuming to monitor and update.
• It can be difficult to change distribution channels if they are not working effectively.

Types of Distribution Management Strategies

The mass distribution strategy is used when a company wants to make its products available to as many people as possible. This strategy is often used for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) such as food and drinks, and for products that have a wide appeal. Its upside is that it is relatively simple to implement and it can reach a large number of people. while its downside is that it can be difficult to target specific groups of people.

2. Selective

The selective distribution strategy is used when a company wants to make its products available to a specific group of people. This strategy is generally used for products that are not suitable for mass distribution, such as high-end products. The main advantages of the selective distribution strategy are that it allows a company to target specific groups of people and it can build up a relationship with its distributors. Its disadvantage is that it can be costly to implement and maintain.

3. Exclusive

The exclusive distribution strategy is used when a company wants to make its products available only through a small number of distributors. This strategy is often used for products that are high-end or niche products. Its advantage is that it allows a company to build up a relationship with its distributors and it can control the distribution of its products. Its disadvantage is that it can be difficult to reach a wide audience.

Conclusion!

A distribution management strategy is a plan that a company uses to determine how its products will be distributed to customers. There are three main types of distribution management strategies: mass, selective, and exclusive.

The type of distribution management strategy that a company chooses should be based on its business goals and the products that it sells.

A distribution management system can have several advantages, such as improved customer service and reduced distribution costs. However, it can also have several disadvantages, such as being difficult to implement and manage.

Now, what are your thoughts on distribution management? Do you think it is something that your company should implement? Let us know in the comments below!

Liked this post? Check out the complete series on Distribution

Related posts:

• Distribution System: What it is and Types of Distribution Systems
• Distribution Definition – What is Distribution?
• Selective Distribution and its role in Channel Distribution
• Distribution Cost: Definition, Importance, Types & Examples
• Distribution Strategies: Definition, Types and Benefits
• Distribution Channel: Definition, Types & Intermediaries
• Exclusive Distribution: Definition, Strategy & Examples
• Distribution Network – Definition, Examples and Benefits
• What is Consumer Behavior? Definition, Example, Types & Factors
• Competitive Environment – Definition, Types, Factors and Examples

About Hitesh Bhasin

Hitesh Bhasin is the CEO of Marketing91 and has over a decade of experience in the marketing field. He is an accomplished author of thousands of insightful articles, including in-depth analyses of brands and companies. Holding an MBA in Marketing, Hitesh manages several offline ventures, where he applies all the concepts of Marketing that he writes about.

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Distribution Management

The supply chain process that ultimately delivers goods to end-users or consumers

What is Distribution Management?

Distribution management is part of the supply chain process that ultimately delivers goods to end-users or consumers . Managing distribution is essentially managing the movement of goods, whether it be from a wholesaler to a retailer or from a retailer to a consumer.

Distribution management focuses on the timely delivery of goods and prevention of loss (such as ensuring delivery of perishable goods without spoilage) through distribution channels. It is part of the larger logistics system that includes the planning and creation of processes for managing supplies of goods and transport. It involves several aspects, such as packaging, routing, warehousing storage, and fleet management.

A distributor may be any individual or business that delivers goods to a customer. For example, a pharmaceutical company is a distributor of products to pharmacies, while an e-commerce business, such as Amazon, is a distributor of goods to consumers.

Effective distribution management reduces shipping costs and delivery times and increases customer satisfaction.

• Distribution management is essentially managing the movement of goods, whether it be from a wholesaler to a retailer or from a retailer to a consumer.
• Different distribution channels are concerned with the delivery of goods to different types of entities along the supply chain.
• Some of the factors that distribution management must consider include things such as variations in the level of buyers’ demands, shipping optimization, and potential causes of shipment delays.

Distribution Channels

Different distribution channels service different points or entities along the entire supply chain that extends from raw material suppliers and manufacturers all the way to consumers or other end users. The various distribution channels have to consider different factors that can affect efficient distribution.

Wholesale distribution channels are business to business distribution channels charged with delivering goods from raw material suppliers or manufacturers to wholesalers. For example, oil companies must move their product to oil refining companies.

Retail distribution channels are concerned with the delivery of goods from wholesalers to retailers, such as a cosmetics company delivering goods to various retail stores.

Exclusive distribution channels are those that deliver goods from a manufacturer only to specifically authorized or designated customers. For example, auto manufacturers deliver their cars to authorized dealers.

A relatively new distribution channel is that of e-commerce, represented by entities such as Amazon or eBay. The direct delivery of goods to consumers through e-commerce websites has led to a number of changes in distribution methods. For example, Amazon has numerous order fulfillment centers from which it can arrange to have goods shipped to customers. It enables it to offer a more timely delivery service than would be possible if all goods were warehoused in and shipped from a single location.

What Affects Distribution Management?

The planning and operation of distribution must take into account a number of factors that can alter or affect distribution.

1. Buyers’ demands

The first is the variation in buyers’ demands. Throughout the year, buyers have different demand levels for goods. For example, the Christmas season sees an upsurge in consumer buying of all kinds of products. Therefore, companies need to plan for how to handle increased purchases, orders, and deliveries.

2. Shipping optimization

Shipping optimization is another factor that can impact effective distribution management. For example, it is more cost-efficient for a company to ship all of the goods going to one destination together, such as in a single truckload, compared to creating multiple, less than capacity shipments to the same destination.

Efficient shipping of perishable goods is always important for any business that handles such items because any losses through spoilage will negatively impact profits.

3. Other factors

In addition, there are a number of other factors that can impact efficient distribution and that distribution management needs to consider. They include such things as shipping delays that can be caused by vehicle accidents or breakdowns, airport delays, or delays related to severe weather events.

Potential changes in government regulations regarding transportation or shipping are another factor that distribution management teams must create plans for dealing with. Product recalls or packaging problems can also affect distribution. Buyers may derail efficient distribution by doing things such as making changes to orders or to the address for delivery of goods.

Because of all the various factors related to distribution management, managers must not only make careful distribution plans but also create a number of contingency plans designed to deal with problems in distribution that may arise.

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Understanding distribution management: importance and benefits explained

In the environment of supply chain and its logistics, understanding distribution management plays a vital role in ensuring the quality of products as they make their way from distributors to buyers.

Let’s walk through some of the core concepts of distribution management for a better understanding of why it matters and how it can improve your flow of goods to your customers.

What is distribution management?

Distribution management is the systematic process of ensuring products are efficiently transported from suppliers to buyers. There are many different moving parts in this process that require balance and coordination in order to run smoothly.

Distribution management should follow strategies that streamline the transportation of products to buyers, align with the inventory management system, properly package goods, and safely deliver them.

Benefits of strategic distribution management

The advantages of an optimized distribution management system becomes evident as you discover how it impacts multiple sectors. Particularly in an agricultural supply chain where timely delivery and product freshness are crucial, adopting an efficient distribution management system improves the way goods are transported for distribution.

Fast delivery times: A report by Aberdeen Group states that companies with optimized distribution management systems see a 25% reduction in order-to-delivery times. Cutting the time spent on delivery proves efficiency in your warehouse management while simultaneously enhancing customer satisfaction.

Waste reduction: Efficient distribution management effectively reduces waste by minimizing product spoilage.

Enhanced agility and efficiency: Streamlined processes and optimized routes lead to improved movement of goods which lowers time and costs. Being flexible and able to adapt quickly to changes in demand, market trends, and unforeseen challenges reinforces the system’s supply chain resilience.

Optimized Resource Allocation: Tactical distribution better allocates resources, ranging from warehouse space to the workforce. The system is able to utilize resources in a way that minimizes waste and maximizes productivity.

Minimized errors: Having accurate data allows you to automate actions and digitally track them, reducing the risk of human error. Data also provides insights that can guide decision-making processes based on new trends and upcoming opportunities.

Competitive Edge: Adopting an efficient distribution network sooner rather than later supports the success of a distributor by utilizing an innovative system that enhances customer experience and cost-effectiveness. According to a report by Acumen Research , the advanced distribution management systems are projected to a achieve a market size of USD 14.5 Billion by 2032.

Factors influencing distribution management systems

A variety of key elements influence the success of a distribution management system. It’s critical to know some of these factors when deciding what system to use and you’d like it to impact your distribution process.

Demand: Customer demand constantly fluctuates. Depending on the degree of the variation, it could alter how products need to be distributed, leading to changes in the inventory levels and transportation routes.

Cost: Not all prices are in control of the supplier. Companies have to balance their spending strategies which affects the transportation, warehousing and labor prices.

Market Trends: Consumer preferences and market prices change how products trend, influencing inventory levels, product assortment, and distribution channels.

Customer Expectations: People set expectations of how fast they expect to receive their products, what quality they should be when they arrive and what happened along the way.

Technology: Digital solutions like inventory management systems, route optimization software, and tracking tools need to be able to seamlessly integrate into your current system for efficient adoption. .

Regulatory Compliance: There are safety regulations in place that determine how products are handled, transported and delivered.

Sustainability: Sustainability efforts affect distribution management systems by promoting the reduction of carbon emissions and advocating for eco-friendly practices.

Improving your business with effective distribution management

Fully understanding the basics of distribution management is a must when it comes to shaping the product journey from suppliers to buyers.

With distribution management, you get improved organization where you can seamlessly track items like transportation, inventory alignment, packaging, and delivery. Additionally, you can get benefits including expedited delivery times, reduced waste, heightened agility, error minimization, and a competitive edge.

Distribution management also enables you to gain insights into a variety of factors such as demand oscillations, cost dynamics, market trends, customer expectations, technology integration, regulatory adherence, and sustainability commitment, to improve your overall business.

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Distribution Channel Management and Latest Trends

There is no doubt that the last decade has witnessed significant changes that have impacted people’s way of life as a result of rapid technological advancements and their incorporation into virtually everything people use today. Technologies such as equipment, vehicles, smartphones, smartwatches, and even human mentalities are reforming due to technological advancements. Corporates are forced to familiarize their functions to take the lead of the current technological abilities, which enable them to produce services and goods that attain the end-user requirements, wants, and gratification through augmentation networks. As an effect of the initiation of the new approaches that depend on current technology via different incremental intermissions from traditional networks, then market blend to finally impending Omnichannel, distribution network management has enhanced. The paper discusses how distribution channel management has become better in the last few years.

The traditional physical channel that is regarded as the downstream section starts with the manufacturer and carries on through distributors, wholesalers, and vendors to provide the final item to the end-user is being phased out. The consumer is regarded as the center of the whole circle (Nault & Rahman 2019). All participants perform their responsibilities to gain gratification through complex processes like warehousing management, forecasting, production management, inventory management, as well as logistics management.

The technology and its applications assisted the traditional physical distribution channel in implementing more efficient and effective strategies overall. For instance, radio-regularity identification can prompt up updating and gathering sales movement records at the theme of sale within hypermarkets. It results in more accurate data and indications that can be used to support more accurate data forecasting demand (Ali & Haseeb 2019). Unilever is a pioneer in the two applications of technology; within the 1980s, it generated its personal information technology interface scheme to track the motion of its inventory on the big-box shelves of retailers like Carrefour. This software package enabled the ordering administration to be mechanized while upholding security stock for a specified period.

After that, the rise of the internet and its widespread use was hailed as a boost to distribution management. It acted as a new revolution that had implications for every aspect of life, including business, education, and entertainment. That new, simple communication method has transformed the entire world into a small village, implying the ability to reach anyone, anywhere, at any time, and with great efficiency. The implications of the internet have had a positive impact on distribution channels. As an outcome, there is an allowance for quicker communication among channel affiliates, the gathering of up-to-date feedback and data from customers, and the alignment of requirements on the upstream side through selecting the best suitable, appropriate inventories and suppliers. The method to customers through electronic shopping, internet applications, as well as social network gates has also been upgraded.

The supply channel drew individuals to be virtually all of the stage by the modern communicated cohorts and android as a consequence of the new devices, like smartphones, that facilitated the mobility concept, which caused the idea of market mix foundation. The market mix combines different approaches that the distribution channel takes to reach the end-user. However, during the logistics, various techniques are involved for the end-user to receive the goods (Thabit & Raewf 2018). The methods such as traditional methods and electronic gates play a critical role in the distribution. They cause the end-user to get all new products and offers through the recent tendency to shopping electronically. Such is led by organizations such as the leading organization Amazon and traditional bricks and mortar market shopping. It is the Omni-channel notion that has materialized in recent years to solve the mystery of the discrepancy among traditional supply networks and electronic channels. Besides, it has helped attain the specific goal of fitting in all the prevailing networks to approach the client-facing the previously mentioned divergence.

The channel functions are implemented using an Omnichannel approach. Physical possession, ownership, promotion, negotiation, risk, ordering, payment, finance, and information sharing are some of the functions that must be performed in a balanced manner across all available channels. Furthermore, the transfer of the cross functions from one member to another may occur, but the removal may not occur. In contrast, they are all integrated through channel design, followed by channel management, to achieve the desired strategy (Kembro & Norrman 2019). However, technology has an impact on distribution channel management, but every organization is also changing its strategy.

Therefore, the type of production plays a critical role in the changing of distribution strategy. As a result, whether tangible such as goods or intangible such as services, outputs services, global environmental conditions, and the economic situation in the United States or abroad significantly affect the distribution strategy. As a rule of thumb, the service outputs vary from organization to organization. For example, Samsung produces various products such as smartphones, televisions, labs, and cameras. On the other hand, McDonald’s makes quick delivery; for example, financial technology companies provide spatial convenience; or for example, education online provides information sharing; for example, Samsung produces smartphones.

The organization’s strategies have changed constantly over the last few years as a result of a variety of factors. The factors such as cost leadership principles, based on the lean approach, played a significant role. In addition to that, the agile concept, differentiation concept, and innovation for various consumer categories affected the organization’s strategy. The reduction of humans in the system of distribution channels across all types of strategies with increased usage of automated machines linked to the internet has eventually transformed the distribution industry. It has resulted in the development of virtual intelligence and the constant crystal-clear trends in all systems and strategies. All of the new trends emerged due to the consideration of how to treat the end-user as a partner and how to provide the appropriate level of convenience to increase customer engagement.

Therefore, organizations are using robots and new inventions in distribution management. Many businesses are now taking it upon themselves to use robots and new inventions in their operational issues to improve accuracy, reduce time, increase safety, and increase efficiency. For example, Amazon uses robots in their warehouses and drowns to deliver fast food to customers. Aside from that, the distribution industry is embracing Digitization as well. As a result of digital transformation, customers increasingly utilize services, particularly transportation, through digital platforms (Nam et al., 2021). This implies that clients will initiate and deal with their procedures in dissimilar conditions through an immense digital podium recognized as the blockchain that will permit them to digitally regulate and obtain their necessities. Third, organizations are increasingly attempting to reduce the human factor and replace it with virtual intelligence to reduce human errors and perform better due to technological advancement. Due to this, it is now obvious that many businesses use Chat Pot, which allows them to respond to customers and provide them with feedback and advice in a short period of time.

Finally, live interviews, which are a new trend in the industry, are critical in managing the distribution channel. Its accessibility to all online users through social media applications such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and other similar applications is a significant advantage (Ampountolas et al. 2019). In addition to being a type of electronic promotion and a method of offering products, the live interview is also an essential method of interactively building relationships with end-users. The live conversation with the consumers allows them to learn more clarification ideas, product specifications, and degree of quality by answering questions from customers and explaining all of their requests (Cai et al., 2020). Customers are able to judge the product as a primer perception, and they express an interest in other company products, according to live interviews with the customer service representatives.

Thus, distribution management is essential to the operation of any organization’s supply chain. The goal of distribution management is to guarantee that the appropriate product reaches the right person at the right time while using the most cost-effective transport networks possible. Logistics and supply chain management services ensure that products and services are delivered in a timely manner to the different parties engaged in the value chain, including manufacturers. As a consequence of growing trends such as new delivery methods, technological advancements, and process automation, among others, the dynamic and ever-changing market sector for distribution services is poised to see unprecedented development.

Ali, A., & Haseeb, M. (2019). Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology as a strategic tool towards higher performance of supply chain operations in textile and apparel industry of Malaysia. Uncertain Supply Chain Management , 7 (2), 215-226.

Ampountolas, A., Shaw, G., & James, S. (2019). The role of social media as a distribution channel for promoting pricing strategies. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights .

Cai, Y. J., & Lo, C. K. (2020). Omni-channel management in the new retailing era: A systematic review and future research agenda. International Journal of Production Economics , 229 , 107729.

Kembro, J., & Norrman, A. (2019). Exploring trends, implications and challenges for logistics information systems in omni-channels: Swedish retailers’ perception. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management .

Nam, K., Dutt, C. S., Chathoth, P., & Khan, M. S. (2021). Blockchain technology for smart city and smart tourism: latest trends and challenges. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research , 26 (4), 454-468.

Nault, B. R., & Rahman, M. S. (2019). Proximity to a traditional physical store: The effects of mitigating online disutility costs. Production and Operations Management , 28 (4), 1033-1051.

Thabit, T., & Raewf, M. (2018). The evaluation of marketing mix elements: A case study. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies , 4 (4).

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Currency transactions and Customs flows in the foreign economic relations of a region (Based on the example of Rostov oblast)

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• Published: 28 July 2011
• Volume 22 , pages 410–420, ( 2011 )

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The paper considers currency and financial transactions in Rostov oblast in the peroid 2000–2010. The change in the composition of bank sector operators is analyzed. Methods are suggested for analyzing the interrelation between currency and Customs operations and commodity flows that allows one to reveal the role of a separate region within the Russian Federation as a transit territory for exported and imported goods in foreign trade supplies of other regions.

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Yevchenko, N.N. Currency transactions and Customs flows in the foreign economic relations of a region (Based on the example of Rostov oblast). Stud. Russ. Econ. Dev. 22 , 410–420 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075700711040046

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Town on the Don River; administrative center of the Rostov province of Russia . In 1761, the Rostov fortress and settlement were founded, and the town gained official status in 1796.

By 1811, there were 20 Jewish families living in Rostov, a number that rose successively: in 1836, there were 73 Jews (less than 1% of the population); in 1846, there were 289; and by 1853, Jews numbered approximately 500. In 1820, a Jewish cemetery was established on the left bank of the Temernik River (the site was closed in 1871, later built upon), and Jewish businesses and entrepreneurship played a leading role in the development of trade , industry , banking , and transport . ( Table: Jewish Population of Rostov-on-Don )

By the end of the 1840s, the Jewish community had a prayer house, and from 1855 a synagogue, on whose site the Main Choral Synagogue was built in 1868. Attached to it were a public library and a school. From 1863 to 1888, the community was led by Fabian O. Gnesin, a rabbi and public figure (father of the composer Mikhail Gnesin). A Jewish hospital was founded in 1881, followed by an almshouse with a prayer house in 1894 (destroyed in the 1990s). In 1888, when Rostov was made part of the Don military region, it was detached from the Pale of Settlement and thus was closed to Jewish residence. However, Jews who had settled there prior to 19 May 1887 were allowed to remain.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Jewish organizations maintained a children’s shelter, a day nursery, an eating hall, and other charitable institutions. Many of Rostov’s Jewish children attended general schools: in 1883–1885 Jews constituted 34 percent of pupils in the gymnasium (after 1887 within the limits of numerus clausus ). In 1910, Rostov had three Talmud Torahs, a Jewish school for women, and a school attached to the main synagogue.

The Ḥoveve Tsiyon movement was popular in the 1880s, followed at the turn of the century by other Zionist organizations. Among those advocating Zionism was Moisei Aizenshtadt, a figure active in public life who served as crown rabbi of the town from 1889 to 1910. In 1907, the Tse‘ire Tsiyon group opened a library; in 1917, Zionists published the periodical Mir evreistva (World of Jewry); and in 1919 they issued Biulleten’ vremennogo merkaza sionistskoi organizatsii (Bulletin of the Provisional Center of the Zionist Organization).

On 18–20 October 1905, a pogrom raged in Rostov with the participation of Cossack units. More then 150 Jews were murdered, some 500 were wounded, and Jewish shops, stores, warehouses, and mills were damaged. A small Jewish self-defense detachment, organized by the Po‘ale Tsiyon organization, resisted the attackers. Measured by the number of victims, this pogrom was the second largest after that of Odessa in the same year.

During World War I, many Jewish refugees from the battlefront came to Rostov. In 1916, the rebbe of the Lubavitch Hasidic movement, Sholem (Shalom) Dov Ber Shneerson, settled there with his family; in 1920, his son, Yosef Yitsḥak Shneerson, moved the Tomkhe Temimim yeshiva to Rostov. The town remained a center of Lubavitch activity until 1924.

At the beginning of the civil war in 1918, the Jewish industrial and social elite supported the Whites. In 1918–1919, several Jewish organizations were founded, including the Jewish Cultural and Educational Society (which opened a private Jewish gymnasium), the Kultur-lige , the student Zionist organization He-Ḥaver, the Union of Jewish Refugees, and the Relief Society for Jewish Victims of the Civil War.

With the establishment of Soviet authority, the local Evsektsiia in the 1920s promoted the closure of Jewish institutions; it also persecuted Zionist and religious leaders, above all, Yosef Yitsḥak Shneerson. The Tomkhe Temimim yeshiva, initially closed in 1921, survived clandestinely until May 1924, when Yosef Yitsḥak was compelled to move to Leningrad . In the 1920s, nonetheless, a Jewish Third International Club sponsored political education circles and a theater studio; a club with amateur Yiddish agitprop theater was supported by the artisans’ savings and loan society; and there were classes in Yiddish at the school for working youth. Eight synagogues and prayer houses were operating in 1929, but in 1936 only the former Artisans’ synagogue remained (it was blown up in 1942). In the 1930s, however, all Jewish social, cultural, and educational institutions were closed.

In 1939, there were 27,039 Jews living in Rostov (totaling 5.4% of the population). In the summer and fall of 1941 the town was inundated with refugees; about 20,000 Jews were able to evacuate. The German army occupied the town twice, in November 1941 and from July 1942 to February 1943. The Nazis murdered 13,000 Jews on 11 August 1942. A few days later, another 2,000–5,000 Jews in the town and its vicinity were shot to death in the Jewish cemetery (in 1975, a memorial was placed in the Zmievka ravine at the site of the shootings, but the monument failed to mention that the victims were Jews).

After Rostov’s liberation from the Germans, the Jewish community was given use of the building of the former Soldiers’ Synagogue. Shaia-Meier Aronovich served as rabbi from 1944 to 1960. During those years, the Anticosmopolitan Campaign targeted the city’s most prominent Jewish scientific and cultural figures, and approximately one dozen prominent Jewish medical workers were arrested in connection with the Doctors’ Plot .

In 1959, there were 16,341 Jews living in Rostov (2.7% of the population). These numbers fell each decade: in 1970, there were 14,397 (1.8%); in 1979, 12,165 (1.3%); in 1989, 8,272 (0.8%), and in 2002 fewer than 5,000. In the late 1980s, Jewish cultural and religious life began to revive, although it did so against a background of mass emigration that peaked in 1996, when 782 Jews departed. In 1990, the Rostov Association to Aid Jewish Culture (RASEA) was created. In 1991, a secular Sunday school and a religious school, Or Menaḥem, with a kindergarten, were opened; by 1999, it had an enrollment of more than 100 pupils.

In 1993, the community received full ownership of both the former Soldiers’ Synagogue building and the former home of the Shneerson family, where a yeshiva was subsequently opened. In 1997, burials were renewed at the “New” Jewish cemetery (the third in number; it had functioned from 1922 to 1971). The Lubavitch movement established a cultural center. In 1996 the Holocaust Scientific and Educational Center was created. The Joint Distribution Committee , apart from extensive charitable projects, also promoted cultural and educational activities.

Jewish publications have been renewed as well. In 1995–1996, RASEA, supported by the Jewish Agency, issued the Rostovskaia evreiskaia gazeta (five issues), supplemented in 1995 with the information bulletin Rega (three issues). In December 1996 a newspaper, Iakhad (6–7 issues per year), began to appear, and in 1998 the Rostov Jewish Religious Community began publishing the monthly newspaper, Shema‘.

Oleg V. Budnitskii, “The Jews in Rostov-on-Don in 1918–1919,” in Jews and Jewish Topics in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 19 (1992): 16–29; Evgenii Movshovich, “Evrei Rostova-na-Donu,” Shma-Slushai: Gazeta Rostovskoi religioznoi obschiny 12 (30 September 1999): 1, 4; 13 (30 October 1999): 3; Evgenii Malakhovskii and Evgenii Movshovich, “Iudeiskie molitvennye doma i sinagogi Rostova-na-Donu,” Donskoi vremennik: God 1999-i (1998): 102–104; Evgenii Movshovich, “Evrei na Donu,” Iakhad: Gazeta Evreiskogo agenstva Iuga-Rossii 11 (September 1998): 4; 13 (November 1998): 4; 15 (February 1999): 4; 17 (April 1999): 4; 18 (May 1999): 4; 19 (June 1999): 4; 20 (August 1999): 4; Evgenii Movshovich, “Khasidy na Donu,” Donskoi vremennik: God 2000-i (1999): 122–125.

Benyamin Lukin

Translated from Russian by I. Michael Aronson

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does visa works in rostov ATMs? Or do I need a mastercard?

Is there a ATM at the aiport?

Many thanks in advance!

Best regards

In Russia both VISA and Mastercard are standart by default . Other payment systems like Amex or UnionPay can be problematic, but VISA and Mastercard work in almost every ATM in Russia.

//Is there a ATM at the aiport?

thank you very for much the information. I have another question off topic. How much costs the transportation with taxi from the aiport to the centre of rostov about? Do you can recommend a taxi app which works in rostov?

// How much does the cost of transportation with a taxi from the aiport to the center of rostov about?

300-500 rub. Price of official taxi "Aeroservis" to the center - 400 rub (has the desk in airport building ).

// Do you can recommend a taxi app which works in rostov?

Yandex-taxi works in Rostov for sure, do not know about others. For security reasons and to avoid rip-off I recommend use Yandex-taxi or official desk of "Aeroservis". Also public transport (bus and trolley) is available, airport is located near the city.

As always make sure you bank knows you will be in Russia - especially if it is not a european bank

>Also public transport (bus and trolley) is available, airport is located near the city.

That's gonna change soon, the new Platov Airport is constantly bemoaned for how inconveniently it's placed, if we're speaking of Rostov-on-Don, of cource, not Rostov the Great.

thank you for the informations! You have helped me a lot!

I suppose Yandex-taxi in rostov on don is working 24 hours? I have found something in Azov, I guess with Yandex-taxi it should be not a problem with transportation, 24 hours?

This topic has been closed to new posts due to inactivity.

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Harmonic Amps Up Primary Distribution with New SaaS-Based Management System

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Harmonic announced DMS X, a new SaaS-based version of its Distribution Management System for the company’s industry-leading XOS advanced media processor. Running on the public cloud, DMS X elevates primary distribution, enabling broadcasters and content providers to securely distribute video content over satellite, managed IP and open internet delivery networks.

“The broadcast industry’s shift to IP-based video delivery mechanisms underscores the importance of having a flexible, scalable management solution for primary distribution,” said Gil Rudge, senior vice president, products and Americas sales, video business, at Harmonic . “With over a decade of experience leading innovation in primary distribution solutions, we’re excited to bring those capabilities into the SaaS environment. The latest evolution of our Distribution Management System for XOS supports all primary distribution workflows, offering a smooth migration path from satellite to IP and hybrid deployment options. Featuring industry-first control over playout workflows, the DMS X SaaS addresses content providers’ evolving primary distribution requirements.”

Using DMS X, content providers can control 10,000-plus XOS media processors from a centralized user interface. The DMS X SaaS is based on a flexible business model that allows content providers to only pay for what they use, while ensuring the system is always up to date and globally accessible. With 24/7 monitoring by a dedicated DevOps team, the system guarantees high reliability.

The DMS X SaaS offers several groundbreaking features, such as centralized playout management for ad insertion and program localization, HTML graphic insertion, edge playout management, the ability to schedule blackout events with unparalleled scalability, remote device and service configuration and monitoring. The DMS X SaaS provides all of these capabilities for any network and any content format up to 4K HDR.

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Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology

Improving chlorine residual predictions in water distribution systems using recurrent neural networks.

* Corresponding authors

a School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1137 Alumni Ave., Kelowna, BC V1V 1V8, Canada E-mail: [email protected]

The management of water quality in distribution systems is a pervasive challenge. A high degree of uncertainty in water demand, reaction rates, and conditions of the pipe networks results in significant discrepancies between expected and observed water quality. In an effort to enhance the prediction of chlorine residual within water distribution systems (WDS), this study utilized full-scale WDS data to investigate the capabilities of a hydraulic model EPANET-Water Network Tool for Resilience (WNTR) coupled with process-based chlorine residual and data-driven models. Calculation and analysis of observed chlorine decay rates over 19 weeks of recorded data from a full-scale WDS ( n = 19 512) demonstrated significant non-linearities and complex relationships with operational parameters and water quality. Linear regression was applied as a baseline method to model the relationship between water quality parameters and chlorine residual, but its limitations in capturing complex, non-linear interactions prompted a transition towards more sophisticated neural network architectures. Furthermore, EPANET-WNTR coupled with a first-order chlorine residual model showed poor performance in predicting chlorine residuals at a downstream node over the full range of flow conditions with high-frequency. Utilizing a windowing technique to account for sequences representing significant travel times in the dataset, the shift to neural networks, including convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks demonstrated a significantly enhanced ability to incorporate temporal information and predict chlorine residual. The models achieved mean absolute errors as low as 0.022 mg L −1 and R 2 as high as 0.952 using a 4-layer LSTM. This research illustrates the effectiveness of adopting data-driven approaches that can capture the relationships and dynamics of water quality parameters based on previous data, marking a significant advancement in water quality management within WDS.

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A. Riyadh, A. Zayat, A. Chaaban and N. M. Peleato, Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol. , 2024, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D4EW00329B

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New $11.2M Program Pilots Clean Energy and Electric Vehicle Charging Interconnection Queue Management Solutions

Aug. 14, 2024

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation (Joint Office) have launched a new funding program to pilot innovative solutions for managing renewable energy and electric vehicle (EV) charging interconnection and energization queues. The Innovative Queue Management Solutions (iQMS) for Clean Energy Interconnection and Energization program, created through a partnership intermediary agreement with ENERGYWERX, will award $11.2 million across 25 distribution utilities for innovative approaches that can accelerate timelines for clean energy and EV charging projects.

This collaboration with DOE’s Interconnection Innovation e-Xchange (i2X) program aims to support distribution utilities currently lacking tools to manage large queues of interconnection requests for mid-scale clean energy and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) or system projects seeking to connect to the grid without delays or high costs.

The iQMS program is designed to encourage collaboration between distribution utility departments like research, planning, information technology, and operations to improve data quality and interoperability. By integrating and expanding the capabilities of internal IT systems, the program will help distribution utilities test, implement, validate, and share new queue management approaches. This will eliminate unnecessary work, reduce errors, increase productivity, and deliver reliable interconnection and service load request services to customers, ultimately reducing costs to consumers.

The iQMS program provides funding in two tracks:

Track 1 : Generator Interconnection – Distribution-level queue management solutions for generator interconnection of solar photovoltaics (PV), wind, storage, small hydropower, and other clean energy technologies.

• Total funding: $9.2 million

Track 2 : Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Load Request – Distribution-level queue management solutions for EVSE load requests and energization queues.

• Total funding: $2 million

Overall, this funding opportunity will enable faster, more efficient management of interconnection requests, which will speed deployment of clean energy and EV charging infrastructure, supporting the Biden-Harris Administration’s goal to build a network of 500,000 EV chargers by 2030 and achieve a 100% carbon-free electricity sector by 2035, as well as a decarbonized energy system by 2050.

Learn more at the info webinar on August 29 from 3–4 p.m. ET and office hours on September 19 from 3–4 p.m. ET. Applications are due October 16, 2024.

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