• | - ! | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | - | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | - ? | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | | • | | | » More on | Essay Service Examples Geography Malaysia Essay About Malaysia Food- Proper editing and formatting
- Free revision, title page, and bibliography
- Flexible prices and money-back guarantee
Our writers will provide you with an essay sample written from scratch: any topic, any deadline, any instructions. Cite this paperRelated essay topics. Get your paper done in as fast as 3 hours, 24/7. Related articlesMost popular essaysAlmost all Malaysians and the rest of the world were stunned when a girl from Sarawak committed... National Community Basketball League (NCBL) is one of the oldest and biggest leagues in Malaysia.... Food is a necessity and a basic human right. It plays a vital role in the promotion of health and... Corruption is a crime where a person gets benefits like freedom, contracts or privileges from... Malaysia is a democratic country. The Constitution of Malaysia is the supreme law of the country.... It is possible to estimate the average number of children a woman will have during her... - Health Care Policy
- Universal Health Care
Malaysia is one of the countries that provides high-quality service in terms of healthcare... This essay intends to provide the idea of conducting the research. It starts with a background... In this global era, the world is currently amidst a technological transformation that will... Join our 150k of happy users- Get original paper written according to your instructions
- Save time for what matters most
Fair Use Policy EduBirdie considers academic integrity to be the essential part of the learning process and does not support any violation of the academic standards. Should you have any questions regarding our Fair Use Policy or become aware of any violations, please do not hesitate to contact us via [email protected]. We are here 24/7 to write your paper in as fast as 3 hours. Provide your email, and we'll send you this sample! By providing your email, you agree to our Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy . Say goodbye to copy-pasting! Get custom-crafted papers for you. Enter your email, and we'll promptly send you the full essay. No need to copy piece by piece. It's in your inbox! ChinaWhisper Top 10 Chinese Influenced Malaysian Street FoodThis is guest contribution by KP Kwan The Chinese first resided in Malacca on the west coast of the Malayan Peninsula in the 15th century. A number of these early residents intermarried and are absorbed into the local Malay’s culture, forming a special society known as “Peranakan”. Chinese Malaysian food has since developed and become the key component of the culinary heritage of Malaysia. Chinese Malaysian food is a distinctive group of cuisine in Malaysia The distinctive highlight of Chinese Malaysian street food is its huge variety. Since the Chinese consume virtually anything under the sun, the chefs will prepare food with just about any ingredients with any possible methods. While Chinese dishes are usually moderate in flavor, the Malaysian Chinese have innovated and created recipes which have a touch of Malay and Indian flavor, thus creating a Chinese cuisine that could be just as hot and spicy as the original recipes. Here are the top ten picks of the Chinese Malaysian street food: 1. Bah Kut Teh (肉骨茶) The name basically means “meat bone tea”. A genuine Chinese Malaysian food, Bah Kut Teh was originally created in Klang, which is not far from the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. In order to prepare this dish, the chef will simmer the pork ribs along with a sophisticated broth of spices and herbs which comprises of cinnamon, star anise, fennel, cloves, dang gui and garlic. This will create a stew which has wholesome and fantastic fragrance. Nevertheless, extra ingredients could be used, such as a variety of mushrooms, offal, and bits of dried tofu or bean curd puffs. Dark and light soy sauce are usually included in the soup at the time of cooking, with various quantities according to the recipes. The Chinese will travel from afar to look for a shop that is famous for these dishes. It is easily available in major towns, especially in Chinese populated areas. However, the very best Bak Kut Teh still originates from its birthplace – Klang. 2. Hainanese chicken rice (海南鸡饭) The evergreen number one Chinese Malaysian food, Hainanese chicken rice is cooked and loved by the Chinese all over the world. The dish is claimed to originate from Malaysia, even though it bears the title Hainanese- a province in China. However, some people debate that the dish isn’t found in the province of Hainan, China. There are many types of chickens that can be used for this dish, from poached white chicken to roasted chicken. Among all, roasted chicken remains the most widely used. For roasted chicken, the chicken is carefully marinated with Chinese spices and subsequently roasted in the oven until it is crispy and brown. Another popular version is to poach the entire chicken, right below the boiling point of water until it is cooked. The rice is boiled by using the stock in the pot together with garlic and a number of spices. It is a bit like the ‘pilaf’ on the western food menu. Finally, cucumber slices are served along with the chicken. 3. Wat Dan Hor (滑蛋河) Wat Dan Hor is a typical localized Chinese noodle dish. It is prepared by first pan-frying the flat rice noodle called Keow Teow with soy sauce over intense heat. Keow Teow is also called Hor Fun in some places, hence the name Wat Dan Hor. To prepare the dish, the cook will first stir fry some vegetables such as Choy Sum, carrots, prawns, fish cakes and prawns. Then, the cook will add a ladle of chicken stock into the wok and braise for a minute. Finally, the cook will add an egg into the wok and give a quick stir in curricular motion. This technique will cause the egg to form into fine strips which are silky smooth. The egg will also thicken the mixture to become something pretty much like western cream soup. The thick mixture is then poured on top of the noodles to serve. Wat Dan Hor is particularly popular among the Cantonese and, and it is therefore called Cantonese-style fried noodles as well. There is an alternative however- to serve with a mixture of pan fried Keow Teow and bee hoon ( rice vermicelli ). 4. Prawn Mee (虾面) Penang prawn mee (or Hokkien mee like the Penangites refer to it) is a delectable noodle dish served with a prawn based soup. It is definitely one of my favorite dishes ever. The soup is made from boiling a massive amount of prawn heads with water, along with chicken bones and pork ribs. When the stock is about ready, chili paste is added to the stock. It can be served with noodles alone, or simply a mix of noodles and rice vermicelli. Other ingredients that can be included are; prawns, water spinach (Kang Kung in the native language), bean sprouts, chicken meat and pork slices. 5. Char kway teow (炒粿條) Char koay teow is another well-known Chinese Malaysian food that everybody wishes to try when they visit Malaysia. It can be roughly translated into “fried rice noodle strips”, and it is prepared in a steaming hot wok. This dish is claimed to be a national favorite in Malaysia. Preparing this dish is not difficult. This dish has a distinct characteristic – it is fried with pork fat and has little crunchy squares of pork lard. Other ingredients include Chinese sausages, fish cakes and eggs. It is normally served with a piece of banana leaf over a plate. It is obvious that this is not the world’s healthiest meal. Nevertheless, it tastes so great that it’s alright to make it an exception to enjoy this fabulous dish occasionally. 6. Ice Kacang (杂雪) Ice kacang literally means ice with beans. An esthetically pleasant combination of colors and shapes of the ingredients, ice kacang is desserts with corn, groundnuts, kidney beans, cendol and the translucent jelly called leong-fun, placed on top of shaved ice. It is sweetened with condensed milk and rose syrup or palm sugar syrup. You can make it richer by adding a scoop of vanilla ice cream on top, many locals prefer to be served this way. It is fondly called ABC by the locals. The acronym of “Ais Batu Kacang” of the Malay language. Traditionally, the ice is shaved by a hand-cranked ice shaving machine, which is gradually replacing by the electric ice shaver. The recipe is the same as it always was, but now they have an electric ice shaving machine. Ice kacang is kind of like a banana split, but in place of bananas, there’s corn, kidney beans, and mysterious translucent toothsome jellies. And instead of ice cream there’s shaved ice, topped with a pink syrup that just tastes pink, not in a synesthetic way, but like you’d imagine — like bubble gum. And there’s also, of course, condensed milk all over everything. If you want to gild the kacang, you can add a scoop of ice cream on top of all that. The ice kacang is evolved from the ice balls formed with finely grated ice, packed into a ball and topped with rose syrup, and placed into a bowl. The ice ball was a common sight in the 1960s to 1970s and is my favorite dessert of my childhood days. It is sold by vendors riding on trishaws visiting along the roads and street corners. The ice kacang is a modern and more elaborate version of the ice balls. As for ingredients- the more the variety, the better. 7. Koay Teow Th’ng (粿條汤) Koay Teow Th’ng is the direct translation from the Penang Hokkien dialect which means “flat noodles in soup”. It is a popular staple in the Northern states of peninsular. The noodles are placed in a bowl of clear broth, normally served with chicken meat and fish balls. The broth is usually prepared with pork ribs and is one of the few noodle dishes that are not spicy. Besides fish balls and chicken meat, pork ribs is another common ingredient. The dish is garnished with scallion, some chopped chilies, and fried onions. It may need some efforts to convince a foreigner that it is a tasty dish, as most of them will prefer some other local delicacies with a more attractive presentation. Furthermore, fish balls are something unfamiliar to the westerner and require a lot of guts to have their first bite. 8. Kolo mee (干捞面) Kolo mee is probably the most well-known signature dish in Sarawak. Kolo mee is a delightful combination of homemade noodles, served with minced pork and topped with crushed garlic and deep fried shallots. The other ingredients may include succulent barbecued pork and deep fried wonton. The allure of this dish lies in the simplicity of the flavor. The secret of making amazing kolo mee is the use of lard, which make the authentic kolo mee liked mostly by the Chinese community. The noodles are mixed with lard before serving, and hence the meat flavor is imbued to every strand of the noodles. It guaranteed to satisfy just about anyone’s noodle cravings. You can prepare it by using vegetable oil as the halal versions, although it would not be as addictive as the original. 9. Cendol (煎蕊雪) Cendol is a typical Malaysian dessert made with a combination of mung bean flour, rice flour, and tapioca flour. Pandan extract is added to the flour to form worm-like green color squiggles. The squiggles along with red beans, glutinous rice, grass jelly and cream corn are added to a big lump of shaved ice. The mixture of coconut milk and palm sugar is ladled over it and finished by drizzling a dash of condensed milk over it. This cold dessert soup is most famous in Penang island of Malaysia, where the local food directory Openrice has a special page on introducing the best cendol in Penang. 10. Assam Laksa (呖沙) Assam laksa is one of the best Malaysian Chinese noodles available. It is listed as one of the World’s 50 most delicious foods compiled by CNN Go in 2011. (at position 7). Assam laksa is basically rice noodles in a specially prepared spicy and sour taste fish broth. The unique taste is due to the use of some uncommon ingredients even to Asians, such as ginger flowers (bunga kantan), Vietnamese mint leaf (daun kesum) and the shrimp paste called “hae ko”. The fish broth is usually prepared by using the local mackerel (kembung fish), along with finely sliced vegetables, including cucumber, onions, red chilies, pineapple and mint leaves. You can get the best assam laksa at the busy waterfront street in George Town, Penang. Author’s profile: KP Kwan is a pharmacist turned restaurateur who lives in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. He has a keen interest in Asian food. You can follow him at tasteasianfood.com. Cendol is a great dessert we ever tried in Malaysia. The other food also tasted really good. Leave a Reply Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. - Top 10 Online English Shopping Websites From China
- Best VPN for China in 2022
- Best Chinese Dating Sites
- Publishing Policies
- For Organizers/Editors
- For Authors
- For Peer Reviewers
Street Food Consumption and Hygiene Issues in George Town, PenangThe era of globalization has witnessed the growing phenomenon of consumption or consumerism in parallel with socio-cultural change and improvement in economic progress. However, Penang street food poor business placement causes issue of cleanliness and food safety to emerge. This study was carried out to explore the aspects of street food consumption in the city of George Town and its relation to hygiene issues. The George Town city area was selected because it is known as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and a gastronomic city that turn it into a popular tourist destination in Malaysia. This study focuses on hawkers’ attitude towards street food cleanliness. It also reflects the consumers’ perception on food and hygiene issues. Questionnaire instruments have been used in this study through random sampling methods. The population of the study involved 200 respondents, consisting of 100 local consumers/local tourists and 100 international tourists whom experienced consuming street foods around the city of George Town. For the hawker’s category, the researchers have collected 30 respondents to answer the questionnaires. Researchers have also used in-depth interviews with seven street food vendors/hawkers. The findings revealed that hygiene issues amongst street food operations are serious issue although there were variations in terms of findings for local and international consumers. Thus, the government and street food vendor/hawkers should address the issues of hygiene practices through various initiatives and measures. Keywords: Street food consumption and hygiene IntroductionStreet food is a ready-made meal and drinks provided by hawkers specifically in streets and open places ( Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO], 1989 ). According to Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO] (2009) street food is a significant contributor to the diet of most people in developing countries. The transformation in community lifestyle has an impact on the current development of consumerism. In other words, socio-cultural change in society influenced changes street food consumption patterns. Therefore, in order to make all states in Malaysia maintained its presence as a tourist destination; each state could brand its cities and promote its street food to raise the reputation of the state. As destination branding is the cornerstone of survival in today's competitive tourism industry, the benchmark of a city reputation depends on its strong branding which distinguished itself from its competitor ( Qu et al., 2011 ). In this case, food has the potential to become one of the tourist attraction in the destination. While, food is gaining momentum in planning a travel itinerary which soon became commonly known as food destinations; food tourism has become one of the fastest growing segments in the tourism industry ( World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], 2012 ). Previous studies had showed that food played an important role in touristic experience ( Kivela & Crotts, 2006 ) and as a means to fascinate travellers to destinations ( Enright & Newton, 2004 ; Smith & Costello, 2009 ; Tikkanen, 2007 ; Yuksel, 2001 ). The street food sector offers numerous business opportunities for budding entrepreneurs. Street food have great influence in the tourism industry ( Jalis et al., 2009 ); the local foods served in certain destinations yields benefits in two folds - it boost up the local tourism sector and gain loyalty from potential retuning customer. Street foods symbolize the roots and identity of a community and it was perceived as a fundamental aspect for tourist to gain great experiences which proofs to be an imperative platform for economic reason ( Quan & Wang, 2004 ). Despite street food sales being one of the significant contributors in developing economy, however the rise in foodborne diseases in evolving countries had associated street food as a risk. There are many studies conducted on street food hygiene issues in developing countries. Street food is accountable for 691 food poisoning cases and 49 deaths from 1983 to 1992 in Malaysia ( Lianghui et al., 1993 ). Thus, this study was conducted to examine the linkages between street foods and hygiene issues in George Town, Penang, Malaysia. The objectives of the study include exploring hawkers’ attitudes toward cleanliness of street food and consumers’ perceptions regarding street food hygiene issues. Problem StatementFood quality is an important part of the food consumption process. According to Henson and Traill ( 1993 ) food quality can be divided into four parts: food safety, nutrition, food value, and food packaging. Yuksel and Yuksel ( 2002 ) in his study found that product quality was considered as a determining factor in satisfaction of the food consumed. Cronin and Taylor ( 1992 ) discovered that satisfaction is critical element as it reflects subjective client assessments on the food execution and consumption experience. Zeithaml et al. ( 1996 ) further supported the idea that overall satisfaction is a post-purchase attitude determined by the expectation of the customer, the quality of the product or service and also the price. The product or service must be at least as good as it is supposed to be. This shows that in order to make the customers feel satisfied, the producer needs to ensure that their service or product is well delivered from every aspect including cleanliness. Street food is an important component of the food supply chain as it meets the important needs of the urban population (FAO, 2008). Majority of the developing countries are witnessing the increase in street food businesses ( Draper, 1996 ). Street food is one of the attractions in the city. The street foods consumption pattern is largely related to urban life, especially in developing countries. The busy lifestyle of urban dweller has also led to a rise in the pattern of street food consumption. According to Winarno and Allain ( 1986 ) urbanization has encouraged an increase in the quantity of street food businesses in most cities around the world but Van T-Riet et al. ( 2001 ) also argues that the economic downturn and high inflation rates have increased the cost of living which translated into the increase of unsafe food in urban areas. Street foods offer economic benefits to hawkers and residents by showing great varieties of ingredients, processing, marketing and usage. Street food has also become an essential part of people's diet because it is easily accessible and affordable in urban areas and integrated into our present lifestyle. It also plays a significant role in providing employment opportunities for millions of men and females with limited educational qualifications or vocational skills. Despite street foods being nutritious and affordable food source for the urban communities, health risk remains a concern in the event the foods were not prepared in a hygienic way. Street vendors’ living amongst others in the city was common. However, the health status of consumers depends on the safety and hygiene practices of the street vendors. If the street vendor do not care about their health and address the issue of hygiene, the consumer's health will be effected ( Dawson & Canet, 1991 ). Hygienic water supply is the most important component in street foods preparation. These are conflicting approaches, but both World Health Organization (WHO) and Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommend the use of the critical hazard controls approach (HACCP) as the most effective and flexible way to improve street food safety ( Arambulo et al., 1994 ). The street foods in Penang is reputable amongst the local and foreign tourist however the poor business placement creates worries on the cleanliness and safety of the foods. Most vendors run their businesses on the sidewalks and on the roads, which could endanger the safety of consumers as well the vendors. In this respect, street food vendors have put the health and safety of public consumers at high risk unless they take precaution measures and cautious while preparing and handling the street foods served. Research QuestionsBased on the problem statement, the researchers focused on several research questions: What is the hawker's attitude towards the issue of cleanliness of street food?What is the consumer's perception of the issue of hygiene on street food, purpose of the study. This paper aims to study the Street Food consumption and hygiene issues based in George Town, Penang. Food quality is an important part of the food consumption process. This study was carried out to explore the aspects of street food consumption in the city of George Town and its relation to hygiene issues among the consumer’s perception on hawker’s attitude. Research MethodsGeorge Town was chosen as a study area as this area is a focal point for street food consumption in Penang. The research was conducted in Gurney Drive, Chulia Street or better known as Penang Road and Padang Brown which are hotspots that serves a variety of street foods. In addition, the selection of George Town's as a study area was due to its unique and internationally recognized food destination. The study area is shown in the map below (see Figure 1 ). Target ParticipantsThe sample group of this study were outlined as follow: 200 consumers (100 locals and 100 foreigners) The researcher gets the consumers to answer the questionnaires and conducted in-depth interviews with seven street food vendors. Sampling Method and Data CollectionThe sampling method was conducted via simple random sampling. Through this technique, each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected as a subject ( Gaganpreet Sharma, 2017 ). The researcher sourced respondents randomly by approaching peoples who were consuming street foods. The hawkers were selected amongst those who run their business around George Town. This study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative research method. Data collection methods were administered through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Analysis DataThis study was using mixed methods (combination of quantitative and qualitative methods). According to Creswell and Plano Clark ( 2007 ) data collection through this mixed-method has long been used but incorporating it into a research design is a new approach. Creswell and Plano Clark ( 2007 ) further stated that mixed-method approach is a study which involved collecting and analysing data through both quantitative and qualitative methods in one study. The qualitative data collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews were analysed using content analysis to explore hawker’s attitude street food in George Town. The quantitative data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with frequency analysis to explore consumer’s perceptions and hawker’s attitudes on the issues of street food hygiene in George Town. Consumers’ perception on street food hygiene issues in George TownStreet food can be exposed to the dangers of different pollutants (microbes, parasites, physical and chemical) that sometimes make the food harmful to consumers (FAO, 2008). The quality of food hygiene depends on identifying and control potential hazards. Its strict and systematic nature requires an appropriate method of analysis for hygiene issues. Table 01 shows the perception of consumers when they first arrived at street food stalls while Table 02 shows consumers’ perception on street food (before and after arriving at street food stalls). Based on Table 01 and Table 02 , local consumers opined that the food stalls first visited by them was dirty were 56 people (28 %) while only 44 people (22 %) agreed that the food stall visited by them was clean. A total of 63 peoples (31.50%) admitted that their perceptions are the same as perceptions prior to visiting street food stalls. While 35 peoples (17.50%) stated that the pre-and current perception of street food stalls is not the same as what they have imagined. In the category of international consumers, a total of 62 respondents (31 %) responded that the street food stalls visited was dirty and only 38 people (19 %) admitted that the street food stalls visited was clean. In short, 69 peoples (34.50%) admitted that perceptions before they arrived at the street food stalls were the same as the first sight at the stalls. However, as many as 31 people (15.50%) stated that their perceptions are not the same as the others. The findings of the study on consumer perceptions on street food hygiene based on Table 01 and Table 02 shows that the average consumer perceived the street food environment during their first visit was dirty. Hence, the majority (refer to table 02 ) state that the perception is the same as their expectations before coming to consume street foods. The key factor of customer satisfaction is service quality ( Ha & Jang, 2010a ; 2010b ). According to Kahar ( 2008 ) customer satisfaction is one of the business terms which measure the extent of a product or service provided by the organization fulfils the customer’s expectations [Kepuasan pelanggan adalah salah satu syarat perniagaan untuk mengukur sejauh mana produk atau perkhidmatan yang disediakan oleh sesebuah organisasi untuk memenuhi harapan pelanggan]. For example, customer expectation or in other words customer satisfaction is reflected through the fulfilment of customer needs and expectations in order to establish customer loyalty towards the products or services offered. If the user received positive impact, the user will spread positive information about the product which in turn generate profits to the organisation and vice versa. In this study, consumer perception of physical environment such as physical facilities, equipment conditions and the appearance of hawkers is underwhelming because street food in Penang is not as clean as anticipated. Traditionally, street food vendors are unhygienic; lack of clean water supply, proper food storage equipment; poor sanitation facilities and waste disposal in their vending areas ( Titarmare et al., 2009 ). Consumers’ Perception of Hawkers AppearanceThe street foods businesses play an important role in developing countries to meet food demand amongst urban dweller. Street food fed millions of people daily with a diverse foods choices which were relatively inexpensive and accessible ( Latham, 1997 ). Nevertheless, there are significant health reports related to street food ( Omemu & Aderoju, 2008 ). Street food vendors often do not have licenses and were not trained in food safety and sanitation while working under informal surroundings ( FAO, 2009 ). Thus, this study has also gained the perception of consumers towards the appearance of hawkers. Table 03 shows the finding of local and international consumers’ perceptions of hawker’s appearance. Obviously, there is a perceptual difference between local and international users regarding hawkers' appearance. Table 03 shows the perception of local and International consumers on the appearance of hawkers. This is a very important selection criterion for an individual to choose a food stall. The findings show that for item 1, the 'local food vendor wearing tidy clothes' , 60 % from local consumers’ said ‘no’ for this item, meaning that hawker's were untidy while 40 % responded that the hawkers were clean. In contrast, 52 % of the international consumers responded 'yes' where they perceived the hawker clothing is neat/tidy. There is a perceptual difference between local and international consumers at the location of the stall. The result of this research shows that international consumers enjoy street food in comparison to the restaurants type premises such as Kapitan and Sup Hameed. It is common to know that a restaurant type food premises has workers wearing uniform that adheres to predetermined standards such as apron and hat wearing. So it is not surprising if the perception of international consumers on hawker garments is positive. This is different with international consumers who prefer to eat street food by the roadside and in the public spaces like Lebuh Tamil , Padang Brown , Padang Kota, and Gurney Drive . Street vendor that operates stalls and mini-van or cars does not subscribed to any specific clothing. The study by FAO (1990) discovered that personal clothing, especially shoes, were leading factors of pollution from microorganisms which could infect the hawker area. Meanwhile, for the 'food vendor wearing jewelry' item shows that majorities of both consumers’ categories give a perception ‘no’ with percentage 73 % for local consumers while 91 % for international Consumers. This result showing that the average hawker does not wear jewelry. This is particularly contrary to the results of studies conducted by Edima et al. ( 2014 ) which shows 32% of Cameroonian street food vendors wear jewelry during business activities. According to him, hawkers wearing jewelry is a potential physical source of risk; where during food preparation, polluted jewelry might infect the foods which will be served. Jewelry such as rings also indirectly helps to the onset of microbial hazards as the items will prevent items from being washed properly ( Edima et al., 2014 ). For items 'food vendor wearing cover (hat) while preparing food' indicates a perceptual difference for both consumers. There are 74 % of local consumers said ‘no’ to the question on hawker wearing a hat while preparing food. This is because, hawkers operating stall were less concerned with hygiene but instead were concerned with the taste of their food which is an important criteria to attract visitors to their booth. The perception of the local consumers is in line with the findings of the study conducted by Edima et al. ( 2014 ) which shows 60% of the hawkers do not wear hat. This practice could lead to food contamination because hairs are potential microbes’ carrier which could infect the foods. Women who cover their head with a scarf, kept their hairs tucked which allow them to prepare foods in a hygienic manner. This is in contrast to the perception of international consumers with 52 % responded 'yes' to this item. This is because, restaurant selection causes perceptual differences as workers in street food restaurants are required to wear caps and aprons. In addition, the Hawkers are not hygiene (i.e. dirty nails) both consumers score 'no' with 75 % for local consumers and 61 % for international consumers. This result shows that hawkers are keeping their nails clean and with a positive self-appearance. This shows that hawkers are very well-mannered. This contrast with the findings of the studies conducted by Edima et al. ( 2014 ) which shows that up to 33% of street food vendors have dirty nails thereby inducing the emergence of microorganisms which contaminated foods in the city of Cameroonian, Yaounde. However, in George Town, the hawkers are divided into two, which are hawkers who wear clean clothes and hawkers who wear dirty clothes. The usage of clean clothing could significantly reduce the level of street food pollution ( Tambekar et al., 2011 ). Through this we could deduce that there are perceptual differences between local and international consumers on hygiene issues and hawkers' appearance. These differences happen because local consumers like to choose stalls premises rather than a restaurant. Meanwhile, international consumers would rather eat at restaurant. Hence, this perception is very important in developing consumer loyalty which could either make them a returning customer or a one-timer. Hawker's Attitude on Street Food HygieneMost studies on street food reported that street food vendors lacked the knowledge and guidance in conducting business. Health risks from street food vendors can be reduced by monitoring the behavior and alertness towards hygiene and self-care needs in the provision of street food. Table 04 shows the hawker attitude towards the street foods safety and hygiene practices in George Town. In general, all hawkers adopt a positive attitude in doing business. The evidence, 7 out of 12 items show that hawkers adopt a positive attitude in the provision of street food for business. While only two items yielded negative results where toilet provision was scarce and they were not able to provide consumers access to toilets (18 hawkers have no toilet facilities) and in terms of fulfilling their duties to carry out regular checks are not widely used as routine or practice among hawkers whereby only seven person gone through regular health checks. Based on the findings in Table 04 , majority of the hawkers practices good attitude and were always concerned about food hygiene and safety. This is because it is important for a hawker to ensure the food they sold is always clean and safe for consumption. For question ‘Is there a toilet facility at your premise?’ , 18 hawkers does not provide toilet because their business are located by the road sides and as they operate their businesses through stalls thus they had no space to provide toilet. However, for street food businesses at Lebuh Tamil and Gurney Drive , although their food store does not provide a special toilet in the dining area, customers can still use the toilets located in nearby business buildings such as the Chawrasta market. For the 10 hawkers who provide toilet facilities, they are hawker who operates on restaurant premises. The restaurant premises provide toilets for the convenience of customers who enjoy street food at their food stalls. Although there are toilet facilities, findings based on observation of toilets found that the toilets are not properly maintained and toilet cleanliness is not satisfactory. According to ‘’Regulation 28’’ of the Food Handler Training Program Accreditation Guidelines released by the Ministry of Health ( 2016 ) has suggested that hawkers and business owners should provide clean and odor free toilets with flowing water supply and soap in an area not directly open to the food section ( Ministry of Health, 2016 ). According to researcher's observation, the toilet facilities provided at the street food business premises in George Town does not comply with the standards, particularly the odor problems and this causes a sense of unpleasantness for consumers who enjoy street food there. In addition, for item ‘If so, did you participate in the training?’ it shows that 29 hawkers had followed food handlers training. All food vendors were required to participate in the food handlers training which was suggested in ‘Regulation 30’ in Report for Maintenance of Food Premises by Ministry of Health, (2016). The attitude of hawkers whom participated in the training of food operators were trained to ensure their foods is always clean and safe for consumption. From the findings, there was one hawker who did not attend food handlers training because he was a new employee for one of this street food vendors and had not been able to attend food handlers training. However, many other employees gave him guidance on the management of food stalls and to follow the correct standards. For street food vendors who failed to undergo food handler training will be fined not exceeding RM 10,000 or imprisonment not exceeding two years. The hawkers will need to undergo additional training to improve their level of knowledge, attitudes and practices while for food vendors who do not care for the premise cleanliness and food poisoning need to re-attend this course. Furthermore, for regulation 31, hawkers need to conduct medical examinations and it is mandatory for all food operators. Food vendors cannot work in food premises if they suffer from foodborne illness ( Ministry of Health, 2016 ). The findings show that all respondents (30 people) have no health problems. In short, the hawkers' attitude towards their responsibility to participate in food handlers training courses is positive as majority of the hawkers had participated in the training. However, street food hawkers’ attitude in George Town pertaining to toilet cleanliness is unsatisfactory that causes discomfort among consumers. Hence, hawkers need to address the issue of toilet hygiene at business premises by improving its cleanliness. As a whole, this study had outlined the perceptions of local and international consumer perceptions on street food hygiene in George Town, Penang. The findings show that consumer perceptions of hawkers’ personal hygiene differ between local and international users. In addition, this study also examines the issue of hawker attitude regarding sanitary handling practices. The findings show that hawkers 'attitude is good and adhere to the established street food handling procedures; hawkers' performance on their appearance was less satisfactory. This has indirectly impacted the food tourism industry in Penang. Studies have shown that about 2.5 billion people enjoy street food around the world. Despite the popularity of street food, adequate regulations on food safety measures were not established which resulted in health risk associated with street food. Studies have shown that in most countries’ policies, ‘there is no legal regulation for food safety and application or sale of street food’ ( Sezgin & Şanlıer, 2016 ). Although consumers perceived positively on street food hygiene, street food vendors still lacks knowledge of food safety which is reflected through unhygienic practices during the preparation and selling of food. The result shows that most street food vendors have low levels of education and if they do not possessed official food safety training and certification, they might possibly distribute and sell foods that were deemed unsafe for consumption. Therefore, further action needs to be taken to promote the implementation and compliance of the relevant standards in the food industry especially those catered to street food vendors. Government bodies and other agencies should work in tandem to fulfil the needs and requirement to handle street food with safe consumption practices to ensure the consumers’ stay healthy and contribute sustainable income for street food vendors. Besides, consumer awareness on food safety regulations should be strengthened which could potentially generate knowledgeable food consumers which ultimately encourage food vendors to practice good standards. These will be crucial measures in order to sustain street food popularity and cleanliness in World Heritage City such as George Town. AcknowledgmentsSpecial thanks to Universiti Sains Malaysia for funding this research through research university grant (RUI): Examining the Origins and Implications of Enclave Urbanism in the Iskandar Region of Johor, Malaysia (1001/PHUMANITI/8016024). - Arambulo, P., Almeida, C., Juan, C., & Albino, J. (1994). Street food vending in Latin America. Bull Pan Am Health Organ, 28(4), 344–354. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7858648
- Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage Publications Ltd.
- Cronin, J. Jr., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Reconciling performance-based and perceptions-minus-expectations measurement of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 58, 125-131. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252256
- Dawson, R. J., & Canet, C. (1991). International activities in street foods. Journal of Food Control, 2(3), 135-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-7135(91)90081-7
- Draper, A. (1996). Street foods in developing countries: the potential for micronutrient fortification (Unpublised doctoral dissertation). London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
- Edima, H., Tem Nnam, R., Awono Enama, T., Biloa, D., & Ndjouenkeu, R. (2014). Case Study of Street Food Sector in the Metropolitan Areas of a Cameroonian City, Yaounde. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(9) 740-751. http://www.ijcmas.com/
- Enright, M., & Newton, J. (2004). Tourism Destination Competitiveness: a quantitative approach. Journal of Tourism Management, 25(6), 777-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.06.008
- Food and Agricultural Organization. (1989). Report of an FAO expert consultation, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. December 1988. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Street-foods.-Report-of-an-FAO-Expert-Consultation%2C/eec8de82348908a3d41b9e8cbdb068bf4ed543df
- Food and Agricultural Organization. (1990). Report of an FAO expert consultation, Jogjakarta, Indonesia, 5-9 December, 1998. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Street-foods.-Report-of-an-FAO-Expert-Consultation%2C/eec8de82348908a3d41b9e8cbdb068bf4ed543df.
- Food and Agricultural Organization. (2008). Twenty-fifth regional conference for Africa, Urbanization and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nairobi, 16-20 June 2008. Kenya: Organisation des Nations Unics I’ allmentation et I’ agriculture.
- Food and Agricultural Organization. (2009). The State of Food Insecurity in The World: Economic Crises-Impacts and Lessons Learned. Rome: FAO.
- Gaganpreet Sharma. (2017). Pros and cons of different sampling techniques. International Journal of Applied Research, 3(7), 749-752. http://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2017/vol3issue7/ PartK/3-7-69-542.pdf
- Ha, J., & Jang, S. (2010a). Perceived values, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: the role of familiarity in Korean restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 2-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.03.009
- Ha, J., & Jang, S. (2010b). Effects of service quality and food quality: the moderating role of atmospherics in an ethnic restaurant segment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(3), 520-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.12.005.
- Henson, S., & Traill, B. (1993). The Demand for Food Safety: Market Imperfections and the Role of Government. Journal of Food Policy, 18(2), 152‐162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9192(93)90023-5
- Jalis, M. H., Salehuddin, M., Zahari, M., Zulkifly, M. I., & Othman, Z. (2009). Western tourist’s perception of Malaysian gastronomic product’s. Asian Social Science, 5(1), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.1.1.829.3049
- Kahar, A. S. (2008). Model Kepuasan Pelanggan Bagi Laman Web E-Runcit [Customer Satisfaction Model for E-Retail Websites]. Projek Sarjana. Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
- Kivela, J., & Crotts, J. C. (2006). Tourism & gastronomy: Gastronomy’s influence on how tourist experience a destination. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 30(3), 354-377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348006286797
- Latham, M. C. (1997). Human nutrition in tropical Africa. Rome. Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization.
- Lianghui, X., Xingling, S., Yuju, C., Zhang, L., & Haiyan, W. (1993). Analysis of street food safety in Shandong province, abstracts. In: Final programme street foods epidemiology. Beijing: management and practical approaches.
- Ministry of Health. (2016). Food Control Training Program (LPM) Accreditation Scheme Guidelines. http:// a2ad4a8826ea08ad1607673414942a67.pdf.
- Omemu, A. M., & Aderoju, S. T. (2008). Food safety knowledge and practices of street food vendors in the city of Abeokuta, Nigeria. Journal of Food control, 19(4), 396-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.04.021
- Penang Strait. (2014). Penang_strait_crossings. Retrived 17 August, 2019, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Penang_strait_crossings.svg.
- Qu, H., Kim, H. L., & Im, H. H. (2011). A model of destination branding: Integrating the concepts of the Branding and destination image. Journal of Tourism Management, 32(3), 465-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.03.014
- Quan, S., & Wang, N. (2004). Towards a structural model of the tourist experience: An illustration from food experiences in tourism. Journal of Tourism Management, 25(3), 297-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00130-4.
- Sezgin, A. C., & Şanlıer, N. (2016). Street food consumption in terms of the food safety and health. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 4072-4083. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.3925.
- Smith, S., & Costello, C. (2009). Segmenting visitors to a culinary event: motivations, travel behavior, and expenditures. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 18(1), 44-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368620801989022
- Tambekar, D. H., Kulkarni, R. V., Shirsat, S. D., & Bhadange, D. G. (2011). Bacteriological Quality of Street Vended Food Panipuri: A Case Study of Amravati City (Ms) India. Bioscience Discovery, 2(3), 350-354. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284880426_Bacteriological_Quality_of_ Street_Vended_food_Panipuri_A_Case_Study_of_Amravati_City_MS_India
- Tikkanen, I. (2007). Maslow’s hierarchy and food tourism in Finland: Five cases. British Food Journal, 109(9), 635-653. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070700710780698
- Titarmare, A., Dabholkar, P., & Godbole, S. (2009). Bacteriological Analysis of Street Vended Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Nagpur City, India. Internet Journal of Food Safety, 11, 1-3. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237215929
- Van t-Riet, H., den Hartog, A. P., Mwangi, A. M., Mwadine, R. K. N., Foeken, D. W. J & vanStaveren, W. A. (2001). The Role of Street Foods in the Dietary Pattern of Two Low-Income Groups in Nairobi. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 55(7), 562-570. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601183
- Winarno, F. G., & Allain, A. (1986). Street food in developing countries: lesson from Asia. FAO CorporateDocumentary Repository. Rome: Italy.
- World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2012). Global Report on Food Tourism volume four. https://www.academia.edu/22622217/Global_Report_on_Food_Tourism_-_WTO
- Yuksel, A. (2001). Managing customer satisfaction and retention: A case of tourist destinations, Turkey. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(2), 153-168. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700205
- Yuksel, A., & Yuksel, F. (2002). Measurement of tourist satisfaction with restaurant services: a segment-based approach. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9(1), 52-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670200900104
- Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1996). The behavioural consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31-46. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251929
Copyright informationAbout this articlePublication date. 12 October 2020 Article Doihttps://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.02.44 978-1-80296-088-4 European Publisher Print ISBN (optional)Edition number. 1st Edition Business, innovation, sustainability, environment, green business, environmental issues, urban planning, municipal planning, disasters, social impact of disasters Cite this article as:Othman, A. S. H. A., & Dawood, S. R. S. (2020). Street Food Consumption and Hygiene Issues in George Town, Penang. In N. Samat, J. Sulong, M. Pourya Asl, P. Keikhosrokiani, Y. Azam, & S. T. K. Leng (Eds.), Innovation and Transformation in Humanities for a Sustainable Tomorrow, vol 89. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 488-500). European Publisher. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.02.44 We care about your privacyWe use cookies or similar technologies to access personal data, including page visits and your IP address. We use this information about you, your devices and your online interactions with us to provide, analyse and improve our services. This may include personalising content or advertising for you. You can find out more in our privacy policy and cookie policy and manage the choices available to you at any time by going to ‘Privacy settings’ at the bottom of any page. Manage My PreferencesYou have control over your personal data. For more detailed information about your personal data, please see our Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy . These cookies are essential in order to enable you to move around the site and use its features, such as accessing secure areas of the site. Without these cookies, services you have asked for cannot be provided. Third-party advertising and social media cookies are used to (1) deliver advertisements more relevant to you and your interests; (2) limit the number of times you see an advertisement; (3) help measure the effectiveness of the advertising campaign; and (4) understand people’s behavior after they view an advertisement. They remember that you have visited a site and quite often they will be linked to site functionality provided by the other organization. This may impact the content and messages you see on other websites you visit. New Zealand food bank unknowingly distributes lollies made from potentially lethal amount of methamphetamineA potentially lethal dose of methamphetamine has been found in lollies distributed by a New Zealand food bank. Auckland City Mission unknowingly included the Pineapple flavoured lollies in some of their food parcels after they were donated by a member of the public. What's next? A police investigation has been launched. A charity working with homeless people in New Zealand unknowingly distributed lollies filled with a potentially lethal dose of methamphetamine. The lollies were distributed in food parcels after they were donated to Auckland City Mission by a member of the public. Auckland City Mission told reporters on Wednesday that staff had started to contact up to 400 people to track down parcels that could contain the lollies — which were solid blocks of methamphetamine enclosed in lolly wrappers. Three people — a child, a teenager and a charity worker — sought medical treatment after tasting the boiled sweets, Auckland Detective Inspector Glenn Baldwin told reporters. None are currently in hospital. New Zealand's police have opened a criminal investigation. The New Zealand Drug Foundation charity found after testing the lollies that they contained a potentially lethal three grams of methamphetamine. "A common dose to swallow is between 10-25 milligrams, so this contaminated lolly contained up to 300 doses," said foundation executive director Sarah Helm. Ben Birks Ang, a foundation spokesperson, said disguising drugs as innocuous goods was a common cross-border smuggling technique and more of the lollies might have been distributed throughout New Zealand. The lollies had a high street value of $NZ1,000 ($916) per lolly, which suggested the donation by an unknown member of the public was accidental rather than a deliberate attack, Birks Ang said. The City Missioner, Helen Robinson, said eight families, including at least one child, had reported consuming the contaminated lollies since Tuesday. No one was hospitalised and Ms Robinson said the "revolting" taste meant most had immediately spat them out. The charity's food bank only accepts donations of commercially produced food in sealed packaging, Ms Robinson said. The pineapple lollies, stamped with the label of Malaysian brand Rinda, "appeared as such when they were donated", arriving in a retail-sized bag, she added. Auckland City Mission was alerted on Tuesday by a food bank client who reported a "funny-tasting" lolly. Staff tasted some of the remaining lollies and immediately contacted the authorities. The lollies had been donated sometime in the past six weeks, Ms Robinson said. It was not clear how many had been distributed in that time and how many were made of methamphetamine. Some of those who had received the food parcels were clients of the charity's addiction service and the news that drugs had been distributed had provoked distress. "To say that we are devastated is an understatement," Ms Robinson said, adding that the food bank — which distributes parcels five days a week — was closed Wednesday. The NZ Drug Foundation is now warning people not to consume Rinda brand pineapple lollies. Drug Foundation executive director Sarah Helm said: "We don't know how widespread these contaminated lollies are, so we recommend not eating any Rinda brand pineapple lollies if you have them. "If you or someone you know has eaten one and feels unwell, call 111 immediately." Rinda did not immediately respond to a request for comment. - X (formerly Twitter)
- New Zealand
Advertisement Supported by Britain’s Violent Riots: What We KnowOfficials had braced for more unrest on Wednesday, but the night’s anti-immigration protests were smaller, with counterprotesters dominating the streets instead. By Lynsey Chutel After days of violent rioting set off by disinformation around a deadly stabbing rampage, the authorities in Britain had been bracing for more unrest on Wednesday. But by nightfall, large-scale anti-immigration demonstrations had not materialized, and only a few arrests had been made nationwide. Instead, streets in cities across the country were filled with thousands of antiracism protesters, including in Liverpool, where by late evening, the counterdemonstration had taken on an almost celebratory tone. Over the weekend, the anti-immigration protests, organized by far-right groups, had devolved into violence in more than a dozen towns and cities. And with messages on social media calling for wider protests and counterprotests on Wednesday, the British authorities were on high alert. With tensions running high, Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s cabinet held emergency meetings to discuss what has become the first crisis of his recently elected government. Some 6,000 specialist public-order police officers were mobilized nationwide to respond to any disorder, and the authorities in several cities and towns stepped up patrols. Wednesday was not trouble-free, however. In Bristol, the police said there was one arrest after a brick was thrown at a police vehicle and a bottle was thrown. In the southern city of Portsmouth, police officers dispersed a small group of anti-immigration protesters who had blocked a roadway. And in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where there have been at least four nights of unrest, disorder continued, and the police service said it would bring in additional officers. But overall, many expressed relief that the fears of wide-scale violence had not been realized. Here’s what we know about the turmoil in Britain. Where arrests have been reportedWe are having trouble retrieving the article content. Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings. Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times. Thank you for your patience while we verify access. Already a subscriber? Log in . Want all of The Times? Subscribe . |
IMAGES
COMMENTS
There are thus many popular Malaysian foods that clearly fall into the general definition of street food (foods prepared for immediate consumption without requiring a dedicated kitchen), even if many Malaysians aren't necessarily eating them on the streets these days.
Jalan Alor is a vibrant street with many shops and restaurants on both sides. It is located in the Bukit Bintang area and is widely known as the most popular food street there.
Char kway teow, Malaysia's most famous street food, is a simple rice noodle dish made with soy sauce, eggs, cockles, bean sprouts, Chinese sausage and a couple of shrimp.
Char kway teow is one of the most popular street dishes in Malaysia and Singapore. Despite numerous regional varieties, it is usually made with flat rice noodles, shrimps, eggs, cockles, bean sprouts, chives, and Chinese sausage.
Food is the main reason to visit Penang, and it was, in fact, the main reason we visited the city. The mere mention of the best food in Penang conjures up a cultural diversity of mouthwatering foods. The most celebrated Malaysian foods are the Penang street food or hawker fare, which delivers a sensory combination of sour, sweet, and spicy.
Craving a taste of the exotic! Malaysian street foods are renowned for their vibrant culinary scene, which blends Malay, Chinese, and Indian influences into delicious dishes. Join us as we explore the best places to find these mouthwatering dishes, from the bustling streets of Kuala Lumpur to the charming corners of Penang. Malaysia has everything, whether you crave spicy noodles or savory ...
Experience a delicious side to Malaysian cuisine with these Malaysian street foods, hugely popular on street corners and in food markets across the country.
Malaysian street food is a tasty introduction to the cuisine. From sweet to savory, don't miss these authentic street food in Malaysia!
Top 10 malaysian street food to try on your visit to Malaysia includes both eats and drinks straight from the streets vendors
Now that you're salivating, here's 10 street foods you simply can't miss in Kuala Lumpur. 1. Nasi Lemak Ayam Rendang: This iconic Malaysian dish features fragrant coconut rice served with tender rendang chicken, crunchy peanuts, crispy anchovies, and spicy sambal. This was honestly one of my favourite things to eat in the city, and is the ...
High-quality essay on the topic of "Traditional Food In Malaysia" for students in schools and colleges.
With the change of life-style and heavier responsibilities from society, work and family, Malaysian often look for other meal alternatives rather than home-cooked food. This contributes to making the already popular street food even more popular (Ismail, Chik, Muhammad, & Yusoff, 2016, Fransisca du Plessis, 2015).
Malaysia is a food-lover's paradise, boasting cheap prices, traditional techniques and mouth-watering local cuisine. This vast country is packed with colourful food stalls, making it easy for travellers wanting to get a taste of Malaysian fare. Here are 15 delicious Malaysian street food dishes you need to make room for.
Below, I help you with this! Consider this article about Malaysian traditional food to be your food bible when travelling in Malaysia. Bookmark it and keep coming back so you'll always know what you can order. You'll be able to find items on this list of most famous Malaysian food in the majority of restaurants.
Dine outside in the warm tropical air on Jalan Alor Food Street in heart of Kuala Lumpur. Migel/Shutterstock The best words to describe Malaysian cuisine are "kaleidoscope" and "fusion" — which makes writing a short introduction to eating and drinking in Malaysia a very difficult task.
A Malaysian-born, Sydney-based hawker food expert, Jackie M., and her group of culinary experts are collaborating with Tourism Malaysia Sydney once again for the second series of Street Food Journeys.
To be honest, the street food in Kuala Lumpur was bound to be excellent. While almost 70% of the population in Malaysia is ethnically Malay, 23% are Chinese and 7% are Indian. With large swathes of citizens from such culinarily colourful nations, Malaysian food is an explosion of flavours and spices. The capital, Kuala Lumpur, has among the ...
It doesn't take an adventurous traveler or food enthusiast to appreciate Malaysian food. There are just so much to choose from, whether traditional or modern cuisines, deem to satisfy the choosiest tastes buds. The staple food in Malaysia is rice, just like the other Asian countries. Due to its sunny weather all year round, fruits and vegetables are in abundance while meat, poultry and seafood ...
Essay About Malaysia Food. This essay sample was donated by a student to help the academic community. Papers provided by EduBirdie writers usually outdo students' samples. Malay food is strong, spicy and aromatic, combining the rich tastes of the various herbs and spices commonly found in Southeast Asia. It is one of the three major cuisines in ...
Best Places to Eat in Malaysia. To experience the best places to eat in Malaysia, you can explore the country's street food culture, including top eating streets, night markets, and hawker centers. For a great eating adventure, head to Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, George Town, Melaka, Johor, East Coast, Kota Kinabalu, and Kuching.
Here are the top ten picks of the Chinese Malaysian street food: 1. Bah Kut Teh (肉骨茶) The name basically means "meat bone tea". A genuine Chinese Malaysian food, Bah Kut Teh was originally created in Klang, which is not far from the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. In order to prepare this dish, the chef will simmer the pork ribs ...
Street food is accountable for 691 food poisoning cases and 49 deaths from 1983 to 1992 in Malaysia ( Lianghui et al., 1993 ). Thus, this study was conducted to examine the linkages between street foods and hygiene issues in George Town, Penang, Malaysia. The objectives of the study include exploring hawkers' attitudes toward cleanliness of ...
Essay About Food In Malaysia. 1427 Words6 Pages. INTRODUCTION Malaysia offers endless varieties of distinct cuisines. The experience begins with the present of multicultural of Malaysian. Chinese soups, Malay desserts and Indian curries tantalize the taste buds and spark the food fan's imagination. As we know, Malaysians are known as passion ...
The origin of Malay food is linked to the history of Indian and Middle Eastern migration to the country, Curried dishes and kueh (Malaysian cakes) are the main and popular favourite of Malaysians. Each state in Malaysia has its native specialty. Nyonya food, also referred to as Straits Chinese food or Lauk Embok Embok, is an interesting ...
A potentially lethal dose of methamphetamine has been found in lollies distributed by a New Zealand food bank. Auckland City Mission unknowingly included the Pineapple flavoured lollies in some of ...
Officials had braced for more unrest on Wednesday, but the night's anti-immigration protests were smaller, with counterprotesters dominating the streets instead.