the animal world essay

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Essay on Animals: Samples in 100, 200 and 300 Words

• Updated on  
• Dec 27, 2023

Animals are an important part of the natural world. Their existence in our environment is as important as ours. Some of the common animals that we see regularly are dogs, cats, cows, birds, etc. From small insects to blue whales, there are millions of species of animals in our environment, each having their habitat and way of living. Some animals live in seas, while others on land. Our natural environment is so diverse that there are more than 7 million species of animals currently living. Today, we will provide you with some essay on animals. Stay tuned!

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Animals in 100 Words
• 2 Essay on Animals in 200 Words
• 3 Essay on Animals in 300 Words

Also Read: Essay on New Education Policy in 500 Words

Essay on Animals in 100 Words

Animals are part of our natural world. Most of the animal specials are related to humans in direct or indirect ways. In agricultural and dairy production, animals play an important role. Our food, such as eggs, milk, chicken, beef, mutton, fish, etc. all come from animals. Animals are generally of two types; domestic and wild. 

Domestic animals are those that we can keep at our homes or use their physical strength for activities like agriculture, farming, etc. Wild animals live in forests, where they have different ways of survival. There is an interdependence between humans and animals. Without animals, our existence would be impossible. Therefore, saving animals is as important as saving ourselves.

Also Read: Essay on Cow: 100 to 500 Words

Essay on Animals in 200 Words

Animals play a major role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. They contribute to our biodiversity by enriching the environment with their diverse species. Animals range from microscopic organisms to majestic mammals with their unique place in the intricate web of life.

Animals provide essential ecosystem services, such as pollination, seed dispersal, and pest control, which are vital for the survival of many plant species. Animals contribute to nutrient cycling and help in maintaining the health of ecosystems. Animals have an interdependency on each other which creates a delicate equilibrium. Our activities often disturb his balance, which affects the entire ecosystem.

There are a lot of animals that we can domesticate, such as dogs, cats, cows, horses, etc. These animals bring joy and companionship to our lives. We also domesticate milch animals, such as cows, goats, camels, etc. for services like milk or agricultural activities. Wild animals living in forests contribute to our cultural and aesthetic aspects, inspiring art, literature, and folklore.

In recent years, animal species have faced threats due to habitat destruction, climate change, and human activities. Conservation efforts are crucial to protecting endangered species and preserving the diversity of life on Earth.

Animals are integral to the health of our planet and contribute to the overall well-being of human societies. It is our responsibility to appreciate, respect, and conserve the rich tapestry of animal life for the benefit of present and future generations.

Also Read: How to Prepare for UPSC in 6 Months?

Essay on Animals in 300 Words

Scientific studies say there are 4 types of animals; mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. All these types of animals are important in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. From the smallest insects to the largest mammals, each species has a unique role to play in the web of life.

One of the fundamental roles of animals is in ecosystem services. Bees and butterflies, for example, are crucial pollinators for many plants, including crops that humans rely on for food. Birds and mammals contribute to seed dispersal, facilitating the growth of various plant species. Predators help control the population of prey animals, preventing overgrazing and maintaining the health of ecosystems.

Beyond their ecological contributions, animals also have immense cultural significance. Throughout history, animals have been revered and represented in art, mythology, and religious beliefs. They symbolize traits such as strength, agility, wisdom, and loyalty, becoming integral to human culture. Domesticated animals, such as dogs and cats, have been companions to humans for thousands of years, providing emotional support and companionship.

However, the impact of human activities on animals is a growing concern. Habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and poaching pose significant threats to many species. Conservation efforts are crucial to safeguarding biodiversity and ensuring the survival of endangered animals.

Moreover, the well-being of animals is closely linked to human welfare.  Livestock and poultry contribute to the global food supply, and advancements in medical research often rely on animal models. Ethical considerations surrounding animal welfare are increasingly important, leading to discussions on responsible and humane treatment.

Animals are essential components of our planet’s ecosystems and contribute significantly to human culture and well-being. Balancing our interactions with animals through conservation, ethical treatment, and sustainable practices is imperative to ensure a harmonious coexistence and preserve the diversity of life on Earth.

Tree: trimmed. ✔ Goats are skilled climbers who don't limit their search for food to the ground. #goat #greatestholidayofalltime #Morocco pic.twitter.com/eQrwHPWSPr — Animal Planet (@AnimalPlanet) December 19, 2023

Ans: Animals are an important part of our natural environment. Humans and animals depend on each other for their survival. We humans depend on animals for food, agricultural activities, etc. Domestic animals are those that we can keep at our homes or use their physical strength for activities like agriculture, farming, etc. Wild animals live in forests, where they have different ways of survival. There is an interdependence between humans and animals. Without animals, our existence would be impossible. Therefore, saving animals is as important as saving ourselves.

Ans: Some of the domesticated animals are dogs, cats, cows, goats, camels, etc.

Ans: Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

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With an experience of over a year, I've developed a passion for writing blogs on wide range of topics. I am mostly inspired from topics related to social and environmental fields, where you come up with a positive outcome.

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Essay on Animals | Animals Essay for Students and Children in English

March 18, 2023 by Prasanna

Essay on Animals: The presence of animals is essential because it maintains the balance in the ecosystem. In today’s world, some animals also serve as companions and help reduce our stress, anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Every organism has a unique place in the food chain, and each contributes to maintaining the existence of life on this planet. The man had learned early that with their more complex and advanced mind, they are superior to any other animal on the Earth.

What makes man superior to them? Humans had learned the ways they can use some animals for their survival, like for transportation or as a food source.

You can read more  Essay Writing  about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on Animals for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with essay samples, both long and short essay type, on the topic ‘Animals.’ We will also include ten pointers on the same topic so that the students can use these to construct their essays.

On the topic ‘Science,’ we are providing readers with long essays of 400-500 words and short essays of 100-200 words. Animal essay will help the students of classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; whereas, the long essay will be highly beneficial for students of classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Long Essay on Animals 500 Words in English

The living organisms that are eukaryotes and formed of numerous cells and those who sexually reproduce are called animals. Animals play a unique role in maintaining the balance of nature. Several animal species exist in both land and water, and each has a purpose for their existence.

The animals are divided into particular groups in biology for better understanding of their species like- amphibians (the animals that can live on both land and water), reptiles (scaled body and cold-blooded animals), mammals (the animals that give birth to the offspring in the womb and has mammary glands), birds (forelimbs evolved to wings, mostly feather-covered body, and lays eggs for giving birth), fishes (has fins in place of limbs, and gills for respiration in water), insects (they are mostly six-legged or more, and most have a head, thorax, and abdomen), etc.

Since human beings’ existence and evolution, we have established ourselves as the greater and more superior species for our sophisticated and more advanced way of thinking and applying. Humans have also learned to use animals for their benefit and have realized how to incorporate animals into our social lives. Animal husbandry is not a new practice done and has been in existence for a very long time.

The bond between humans and animals has increased, and now both coexist with a mutual understanding of nature. We have also strived to preserve the near exist and rare species through modern modes of conservation like zoological gardens and sanctuaries.

We have used animals for clothes, food, transportation, and entertainment. Animals have also been beneficial for us to discover new things from research and tests. Several vaccines and medicines are the blessings of the resources we obtained from animals. Animals have also been a part of outer-space explorations, which has achieved milestones in scientific discoveries.

Among these activities, some were for good reasons and to sustain a livelihood, but some were just the act of evil and torture the poor animals. With the modernization of the world, people started thinking about animals and worked for their rights.

It is essential to realize that with power, great responsibility comes as well. Hence, we should never abuse animals for our benefits. As good human beings, we must always revolt against any inhumane activity that harms our fellow wild friends.

Short Essay on Animals 150 words in English

From the beginning of human civilization, we have interacted with wildlife. Before trade and commerce existed, human life had to depend on animal resources in some places solely. Our ancestors who lived in caves and were nomads and some big animals were a threat to their life.

But eventually, they learned to fight and survive and use the skin of the animal for clothing as a layer of protection from cold, used the meat as food or bait, and also came to use ivory elements as utensils or ornaments. Now animals contribute to many more aspects like our transportation, social life, economy, etc. Hence, it is our responsibility to preserve and protect them against any abuse that is not necessary for our existence.

10 Lines on Essay on Animals in English

• It would be a shame not to mention bees in the list of essential animals for they are the most potent pollinators in this world, and almost one-third of the world’s food source depends on pollination.
• Dogs have been a loyal and faithful companion to man throughout their life, and they ensure physical security and emotional support as our loving pets.
• Squirrels are responsible for growing several trees on this planet, for they often collect nuts and seeds for winter and forget the place they stored them; eventually, those seeds and nuts grow into trees and sustain our ecosystem.
• Birds are called the ecological handyman, for they are responsible for many things like pollination, pest control, reforestation, soil fertilization, etc.
• Elephants are called the largest mammals living on land, whereas Blue Whales are the largest animals that exist on Earth.
• We all are aware of the importance of fishes and other aquatic animals, and firstly they maintain the balance of the marine ecosystem. They are also a source of food and have a significant contribution to our economy.
• Giraffes initially didn’t have an as long neck as we see them now; it was because of gradual evolution that their neck lengthened so that they can reach the upper branches of trees for leaves, i.e., their food.
• The Camel is called the ‘Ship of the desert,’ and they are highly used as a medium of transportation in dry sandy areas by humans.
• People often mistake camels to carry water in their humps, but it is fat that is stored in the tissues of a camel’s hump. These fatty tissues help to convert into energy or water, and hence a camel can survive for almost six months without water or food.
• Animal rights are the idea submitted by humans, which declares that some of the animals are entitled to some rights of their existence and their fundamental interests. This was introduced to reduce the exploitation of animals and stop the torture that man does to them.

FAQ’s on Essay on Animals

Question 1. What is the study of animals called?

Answer: The scientific study of animals is called zoology, which involves research and discoveries about different animals.

Question 2. What is the definition of animals?

Answer: The animals are the multi-cellular eukaryotic (living) organisms that belong to the biological kingdom ‘Animalia’ and can sexually reproduce (other than the asexual animals).

Question 3. What is a zoo?

Answer: A ‘zoo’ is the abbreviation of the zoological garden or zoological park, and it is a confined facility that encloses several breeds of animals. A zoo is a place open for public viewing, and the purpose of this facility is to entertain and educate the people while also serving as a scientific research opportunity for those species present in the zoo. Zoos are also used for rare species conservation and are regulated by the government.

Question 4. What are the living organisms other than plants, which are not considered to be animals?

Answer: Apart from plants and animal species, several living organisms exist on Earth. Examples of some of these organisms are bacteria, protozoa, algae, fungi, etc.

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Essay on Animals

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Animals have been an integral part of our planet’s diverse ecosystem for millions of years. They come in all shapes, sizes, and species, each contributing to the balance and beauty of our natural world. The animal kingdom is a fascinating realm filled with remarkable creatures, each with its unique adaptations, behaviors, and roles in the ecosystem. In this essay, we will delve into the incredible world of animals, exploring their diversity, significance, and the crucial role they play in maintaining the delicate balance of our planet.

Diversity of the Animal Kingdom:

The animal kingdom is incredibly diverse, encompassing a vast array of species, each uniquely adapted to its environment. From the smallest microscopic organisms to the largest mammals, the variety of life in this kingdom is awe-inspiring. Animals can be broadly categorized into several groups:

• Invertebrates: These animals lack a backbone and include creatures like insects, arachnids, mollusks, and crustaceans. They constitute the majority of animal species on Earth, with insects alone accounting for over a million identified species.
• Fish: The aquatic world is teeming with fish, which come in various shapes, sizes, and colors. They play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems and are a vital food source for many other animals, including humans.
• Amphibians: Amphibians, such as frogs, toads, and salamanders, are known for their ability to live both in water and on land. They are important bioindicators, helping scientists monitor the health of ecosystems.
• Reptiles: Reptiles, like snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles, are characterized by their scaly skin and cold-blooded nature. They have been on Earth for millions of years and have adapted to various environments.
• Birds: Birds are known for their feathers, beaks, and ability to fly. They come in diverse shapes, sizes, and colors and have a profound impact on ecosystems through pollination, seed dispersal, and predation on insects and small animals.
• Mammals : Mammals, including humans, are characterized by features like hair or fur, live birth, and the ability to nurse their young with milk. They exhibit remarkable diversity, from tiny shrews to massive elephants.

The Significance of Animals:

Animals hold immense significance in our lives, the environment, and the world at large. Here are some key reasons why animals matter:

Biodiversity: Animals contribute to the rich tapestry of life on Earth. Their diversity is essential for maintaining healthy ecosystems and ensuring the survival of countless other species.

Ecosystem Services: Animals provide crucial ecosystem services, such as pollination by bees, seed dispersal by birds, and nutrient cycling by decomposers like insects and microbes. These services are vital for maintaining the balance of nature.

Scientific Research: Animals have been instrumental in scientific research, helping us gain insights into genetics, behavior, and physiology. They have been used in medical studies, leading to significant advancements in human healthcare.

Cultural and Aesthetic Value: Animals have cultural and aesthetic value, inspiring art, literature, and folklore throughout human history. They are symbols of identity and heritage for many communities.

Economic Importance: Many industries rely on animals for economic purposes, such as agriculture (livestock and poultry), tourism (wildlife safaris), and the pet trade.

Education and Conservation: Studying animals enhances our understanding of the natural world, leading to better conservation efforts. Zoos, wildlife documentaries, and educational programs teach people about the importance of animal preservation.

Role of Animals in Ecosystems:

• Animals play vital roles in various ecosystems, ensuring their proper functioning. These roles are interconnected and essential for the health of the environment:
• Pollinators: Bees, butterflies, and birds are key pollinators, facilitating the reproduction of plants by transferring pollen from one flower to another. This process is critical for the production of fruits and vegetables, supporting agriculture and food security.
• Seed Dispersers: Animals like birds, bats, and rodents aid in seed dispersal by consuming fruits and then dispersing the seeds in different locations. This helps plants colonize new areas and maintain genetic diversity.
• Predators and Prey: Predators help control prey populations, preventing overgrazing and ensuring the survival of plant species. The prey, in turn, serve as a food source for predators, forming intricate food webs within ecosystems.
• Decomposers: Scavengers and decomposers, such as vultures, insects, and bacteria, break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. This decomposition process is crucial for soil health and nutrient cycling.
• Ecosystem Engineers: Some animals, like beavers and termites, modify their environments by building dams and nests. These modifications can create new habitats and affect the water flow and nutrient cycling of ecosystems.

Conservation and Animal Welfare:

Despite the critical roles animals play in our world, many species face threats from habitat destruction, pollution, poaching, and climate change. Conservation efforts are essential to protect endangered species and preserve biodiversity. These efforts involve creating and maintaining protected areas, implementing sustainable practices, and raising awareness about the importance of animal conservation.

Animal welfare is another crucial aspect that concerns the ethical treatment of animals in various settings, including agriculture, research, and entertainment. Ethical treatment includes providing animals with adequate living conditions, proper nutrition, and protection from harm.

In conclusion, animals are a fundamental part of our planet’s intricate web of life. Their incredible diversity, significance, and roles in ecosystems make them indispensable to the health and well-being of our world. As responsible stewards of the Earth, it is our duty to protect and conserve these amazing creatures for future generations. By understanding and appreciating the wonders of the animal kingdom, we can better appreciate our interconnectedness with all living beings and work towards a harmonious coexistence with the natural world.

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Essay on Animals and Their Habitat

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Essay on Animals and Their Habitat: Introduction

Animal habitat paragraphs for the main body, habitat essay conclusion, reference list.

“A habitat, or biome, is the type of environment in which plants and animals live” ( Habitats 2017, para. 1). In other words, a habitat is an environmental zone where particular species of animals, plants, and other organisms can be found. There are three main groups of habitats: terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats. This paper is aimed at the comparison of two natural habitats, desert and rainforest, and two species of animals that live there.

Deserts are terrestrial habitats. There are deserts all across the globe. Howard (2014, p. 6) emphasizes that “deserts cover about one-fifth of the Earth’s surface.” The area that receives less than 250 mm of rainfall a year can be named desert ( Desert 2017, para. 1). Contrary to popular belief, not all deserts are hot, dry, and sandy. Some deserts are cold. The brightest example of cold deserts is Antarctica that is covered by ice. Also, the surface area of most deserts contains rock and stones. The world’s largest hot desert is the Sahara. Cook and Vizy (2015) illustrate that the area of this desert is 9,200,000 square kilometers.

Rainforests are terrestrial habitats too. It is characterized by a warm and wet climate. Hollar (2011, p. 44) describes rainforest as “a term for a forest of broad-leaved evergreen trees that receives high annual rainfall and is characteristically associated with tropical and subtropical regions of the world.” Rainforests receive from 1,5 to 2,4 meters of rain annually. Rainforests are often named jungles. Rainforests cover about six percent of the Earth’s surface ( Rainforest 2017). There are two types of rainforests: tropical and temperate rainforests. The biggest tropical rainforest is the Amazon rainforest in South Africa.

There are some obvious differences between deserts and rainforests. However, the major difference is climate. Rainforests are warm and wet. Whereas, the majority of deserts are hot and dry and receive a small amount of rainfall annually. Despite the harsh climate, deserts do not lack life. To survive in the desert, animals and plants have to adapt to their conditions. For instance, plants that inhabit deserts do not require a great amount of water to live. When it rains, plants absorb as much water as possible very fast because water evaporates quickly in deserts, and it never goes deep into the soil. That is why a lot of desert plants have shallow roots. However, plants are scarce in deserts due to the lack of water, and the diversity of desert flora cannot be compared with a wide range of plants growing in rainforests. Rainforests contain more than half of all world’s biotic species. Some scientists assure that there are a lot of species of plants and invertebrates that are still undiscovered in tropical rainforests. Rainforests provide ideal conditions for plants, while deserts have a low ability to support plant life.

The same holds for fauna. The warm climate and constant rainfalls contribute to the diversity of animals in rainforests. As previously explained, tropical and temperate rainforests are home to more than half of all world’s biotic species. On the contrary, deserts are not considered to be the most suitable environment for animal life. There are not enough sources of water and food in deserts. What is more, hot daytime temperatures affect animals? Many desert animals are nocturnal, and they are very efficient at conserving water.

A lot of people associate deserts with camels. These animals are called ‘ships of deserts’. A distinctive feature of these mammals is a humped back. The camel has some ways to adapt to the desert. Firstly, it has humps that consist of stored fat. This fat is metabolized when the camel is short of food and water. Moreover, the camel has some features to protect itself from sand such as long lashes and a third eyelid that protect eyes. Also, the camel closes its nostrils during dust storms.

The brightest example of rainforest animals is the jaguar. The jaguar is a big cat that is perfectly adapted to rainforests. The jaguar’s spotted orange-brown fur is a sort of camouflage in rainforests. It helps to catch prey. Apart from this, the jaguar has excellent swimming abilities that are necessary because there is a lot of water in rainforests. However, the most important jaguar’s feature is a good night vision. It helps jaguars to hunt at nighttime.

To sum up, deserts and rainforests are kinds of terrestrial habitats. However, these two habitats are very different in terms of their abilities to support animal and plant life. While rainforests provide ideal conditions for plant and animal life, the climate of deserts is extremely harsh. Nevertheless, animals and plants tend to adapt to their conditions. The camel is a representative of desert animals, and the jaguar is a typical rainforest animal. Both of them have their ways to adapt to their environments.

Cook, K & Vizy, E 2015, ‘Detection and analysis of an amplified warming of the Sahara Desert’, Journal of Climate , vol. 28, no. 16, pp. 6560-6580.

Desert . 2017. Web.

Habitats . 2017. Web.

Hollar, S 2012, Investigating Earth’s desert, grassland, and rainforest biomes (introduction to Earth science) , Britannica Educational Publishing, New York.

Howard, F 2012, Deserts , ABDO Publishing Company, Edina.

Rainforest. 2017. Web.

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Essay on Animals | Animals Essay for Students and Children in English

Essay on Animals: The Earth is not just our home planet, but the home to many animals. Since the beginning of time, animals have inhabited the plant, serving as a friend and foe to humans. Humans used animals for transportation protection as well as hunting.

There are different species, such as amphibians, reptiles, mammals, insects, and birds; the population is widespread. Animals are not just fellow inhabitants but an essential part of our ecosystem. However, many of these animals face the threat of extinction due to the actions of humankind. Environmentalists and international organizations such as PETA and WWF have raised the conservation of many species.

Long Essay regarding Animals 500 Words in English

Short essay on animals 200 words in english for kids, 10 lines on animals essay in english.

• What are some of the species of the animal kingdom?
• How do animals help ecology?
• Mention some organizations for wildlife conservation.
• When is Wildlife Day commemorated?

Long and Short Essays on Animals for Students and Kids in English

There is one long essay on animals of 500 words and one short essay of 200 words on animals.

Long essay on Animals is for students of Classes 8,9 and 10 and competitive exam aspirants.

The Earth is home to many creatures. Animals have been the inhabitants of this planet, along with humans. Historically, animals were used for transportation, protection, as well as for hunting. Animals have been companions to man since time immemorial.

Animals are the kingdom while classifying their species. There are a variety of species present under this, with their presence spanning across the world. Amphibians primarily require a moist environment as they breathe and absorb through thin skins. Some amphibians include frogs, salamanders, toads, and caecilians. Mammals are vertebrates and warm-blooded. Females have mammary glands to feed their young ones and have a thick coat of fur. Mammals include carnivores, bears, rodents, etc. Reptiles are vertebrates, but lay eggs. Some of them have scales. Common reptiles are lizards, turtles, and snakes.

Insects have an exoskeleton. They have three pairs of legs, a head, thorax, and abdomen. Beetles, ants, and bees are some insects. Birds have wings, beaks, and feathers such as eagles, pigeons, crows, and sparrows. There are many species of animals that are domesticated as well, such as dogs, cats, rabbits, horses, etc.

Animals are vital to the ecosystem. Animals have different purposes when it comes to the environment. Even microorganisms help to clean our planet. Many animals aide plants to converting free nitrogen present in the air and nourishing the roots and a crucial role in sustaining ecological balance. Predatory animals keep the population in the animal population controlled. Animals that feed on plants help to control plant growth. They also provide us with the food required for our survival. Poultry, dairy, and meat serve as essentials to many cultures and their diets. Animals are one of the oldest companions of humans.

However, many species face the threat of extinction. Urbanization causes cutting down forests to meet the needs of the growing human population. Cutting down forests has led to a loss of habitat for many animals. Habitat destruction has caused damage to animal life. Lions and bears traditionally hunted for their fur, elephants for their ivory tusks, and alligators for leather sell in black markets. Torturing animals and locking them in cages affects their wellbeing. Dumping effluents into water bodies affect marine life. Global warming also affects animals, with dried up water bodies and seasonal changes that have consequences on these species. Using animals to test human-made drugs has received widespread criticism as the animals suffer irreparable damages.

The importance of conserving animals has been recognized all over the world. International organizations such as the PETA and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) aim to spread awareness on preservation. Countries have strict laws for animal conservation. The Indian government has many wildlife protection projects such as Project Tiger and Project Elephant, animals whose populations are decreasing drastically.

World Wildlife Day is commemorated on the 3rd of March every year. An initiative by the United Nations, 2020’s theme is “Sustaining all life on Earth” to meet sustainable development goals. It is vital to conserve animals as the Earth is there home as much as it is ours.

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Short Essay on Animals will help students of Classes 1,2,3,4,5 and 6.

Earth is the home to many animals. They are man’s companion. Animals have various species. Amphibians have thin skin through which they absorb and breathe. Frogs and toads are some examples. Mammals have a coat of fur and warm-blooded like lions, tigers, and bears. Reptiles lay eggs and cold-blooded. Some reptiles include snakes and crocodiles. Insects and birds are a part of the animal kingdom.

Animals help our environment. They provide nutrition to the soil, and they are a source of food. Predatory animals like lions and tigers help to control the animal population. They help in agriculture as well. However, animals face the threat of extinction. Man cuts down many forests to build homes and factories while animals lose their home. Hunters torture animals and kill them for leather, fur, and ivory. Caging animals and keeping them away from their habitat affects their well-being. Water bodies polluted with harmful substances affect the animals that live in water.

We need to protect animals because the Earth is not just our home; it belongs to them as well. They are the faithful companions of man. Every year we celebrate the 3rd of March as World Wildlife Day to spread the message of protecting our animals.

These ten lines are helpful for competitive exam aspirants and making speeches.

Animals have been companions to man since time immemorial.

Animals are the kingdom while classifying their species. There are a variety of species.

Amphibians primarily require a moist environment and breathe through their thin skins. Some amphibians include frogs, salamanders, toads, and caecilians.

Mammals are vertebrates and warm-blooded. Females have mammary glands to feed their young ones and have a coat of fur. Mammals include carnivores, bears, rodents, etc.

Reptiles are another species that are vertebrates but coldblooded and lay eggs, such as crocodiles and snakes. Insects and birds are also different species of animals.

Animals play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Predatory animals keep populations in the animal population controlled, and feed on plants help to control growth. Animals are a source of food such as poultry, dairy, and meat.

Cutting down forests has led to a loss of habitat for many animals. Lions and bears traditionally hunted for their fur, elephants for their ivory tusks, and alligators for leather sell in black markets.

Caging animals and keeping them away from their habitat affects their wellbeing. Water bodies polluted with harmful substances affect marine life.

Organizations like PETA and WWF spread awareness and work towards the conservation of animals. The Indian government has undertaken many wildlife protection projects such as Project Tiger and Project Elephant.

World Wildlife Day is commemorated on the 3rd of March every year. An initiative by the United Nations, 2020’s theme is “Sustaining all life on Earth” to meet sustainable development goals.

FAQ’s on Essay on Animals

Question 1. What are some of the species of the animal kingdom?

Answer: Some of the species of the animal kingdom include amphibians, reptiles, mammals, insects, and birds.

Question 2. How do animals help ecology?

Answer: Animals help to maintain the ecosystem. Microorganisms help to clean our planet. Many animals’ aide plants to converting free nitrogen present in the air and nourishing the roots. Predatory animals keep the population in the animal population controlled. Animals that feed on plants help to control plant growth.

Question 3. Mention some organizations for wildlife conservation?

Answer: Some organizations are PETA, WWF, or World Wide Fund for Nature and Wildlife Conservation Society.

Question 4. When is Wildlife Day commemorated?

Answer: World Wildlife Day is commemorated on the 3rd of March every year.

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50, 100, 200, 300 And 500 Words Essay On Animals

We are not the only animals on our planet, but many other species live there as well. A variety of animals have inhabited this plant since the beginning of time. These animals served as both friends and foes to humans. Transport, protection, and hunting were all carried out with the help of animals.

Different species inhabit the area, including amphibians, reptiles, mammals, insects, and birds. Animals play an essential role in maintaining our ecosystem. The actions of humans, however, threaten to exterminate many of these animals. Conservation of many species has been raised by environmentalists and international organizations like PETA and WWF.

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Animals Essay in 100 Words

Dogs are my favorite animals. Dogs are pets. Four-footed animals have four legs. A pair of beautiful eyes adorn it. Besides its small tail and two ears, this animal has no other distinguishing features. Dogs come in a variety of shapes and sizes. A dog’s body may be covered with fur. Different colors are represented by the dogs. There is a difference in size between them.

There is nothing more useful and faithful than dogs. Swimming is possible for the dog. All over the world, it can be found. There is a great deal of love between it and its master. In this way, it prevents car thieves from breaking into a house. Thieves and criminals are located by police officers using dogs.

An essay of 200 words about animals

Many animals live on Earth. A man’s companion, they are there for him at all times. There are many types of animals. In order to absorb and breathe, amphibians have thin skin. An example would be a frog or a toad. Warm-blooded mammals, such as lions, tigers, and bears, have fur and a coat of fur. Eggs are laid by reptiles, and they have cold blood. Snakes and crocodiles, for instance, are reptiles. The animal kingdom includes insects and birds.

Our environment benefits from animals. Besides providing nourishment for the soil, they also provide food. Animal populations are controlled by predators such as lions and tigers. As well as being useful in agriculture, they are also useful in other fields. There is, however, a threat of extinction facing animals. 

As humans build homes and factories, many forests are destroyed, causing animals to lose their homes. Leather, fur, and ivory are stolen from animals by hunters. The well-being of animals is negatively affected when they are caged and kept away from their habitats. It is harmful to animals that live in water bodies that are polluted by harmful substances.

Animals are part of the Earth, and they should be protected because it belongs to them as well. Humans depend on them for companionship. In order to spread the message of preserving our wildlife, we celebrate World Wildlife Day every year on the 3rd of March.

Animals Essay in 300 Words

From time immemorial, man has been accompanied by animals. Species classify animals into kingdoms. Species vary widely.

They breathe through their thin skin and require a moist environment. Frogs, salamanders, toads, and caecilians are examples of amphibians.

Warm-blooded vertebrates are mammals. In addition to mammary glands, females have a coat of fur that they use to feed their young. A mammal can be a carnivore, a bear, a rodent, etc.

Crocodiles and snakes are reptiles, which are vertebrates but have a cold blood system and lay eggs. Different species of animals include insects and birds.

Ecological balance is maintained by animals. Feeding on plants helps control growth and keep populations under control. In addition to poultry and dairy products, meat is also produced by animals.

Several animals have lost their habitat due to the cutting down of forests. Leather is extracted from alligators, fur from lions and bears, ivory from elephants, and ivory tusks from elephants are harvested.

It is detrimental to the well-being of animals to confine them and keep them away from their habitat. Marine life is negatively affected by polluted water bodies.

Organizations like PETA and WWF promote animal conservation and spread awareness. Project Tiger and Project Elephant are two wildlife protection projects undertaken by the Indian government.

On the third Saturday of March every year, World Wildlife Day is observed. To achieve sustainable development goals, the United Nations has chosen to promote sustainable development through the 2020 theme, “Sustaining all life on Earth”.

You May Also Read Below Mentioned Essays too like,

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500-word essay on animals

The importance of animals in our lives cannot be overstated. Additionally, humans can benefit from them in a number of ways. Meat, eggs, and dairy products, for instance, are among the products we consume. It is also possible to keep animals as pets. People with disabilities greatly benefit from them. This essay will examine the importance of these creatures through the eyes of animals.

Animal Types

The balance of nature is maintained by animals, which are eukaryotes with multiple cells.

Land and water are both home to many species of animals. Thus, each has a reason for existing. There are different groups of animals in biology. Land and water-dwelling amphibians are known as amphibians.

The body of a reptile is covered with scales and it is cold-blooded. Mammals have mammary glands, as well as give birth to their offspring in the womb. Unlike other animals, birds have feathers covering their bodies and their forelimbs become wings.

Eggs are used to give birth. The fins of fish are not like the limbs of other animals. Their gills allow them to breathe under water. It is also relevant to note that most insects have six legs or more. On earth, there are these types of animals.

The importance of animals

On our planet and in human life, animals play an essential role. Animals have been used by humans throughout history. Transport was their primary function earlier.

The animals also serve as food, hunters, and protectors. Oxen are used by humans for farming. Humans also enjoy the company of animals. People with physical challenges and the elderly can both benefit from dogs’ assistance.

The testing of drugs on animals is done in research laboratories. The most common animals used for testing are rats and rabbits. Using these studies, we can predict future outbreaks of diseases and take protective measures.

It is quite common for astronomers to conduct research on animals. Other uses are also possible for them. Animals are used in various sports such as racing, polo, and others. Other fields also use them.

The use of them is also common in recreational activities. The tricks of animals are often demonstrated door-to-door by people in addition to circuses. Their use as detection dogs is also widespread among police forces.

Our joyride also takes place on them. There are a variety of animals that can be used for this purpose, including horses, elephants, camels, etc. Our lives are greatly influenced by them.

As a result,

As a result, animals play a vital role in the lives of humans and our planet. In order to ensure a better future for animals, it is our responsibility to protect them. Without animal help, humans cannot survive.

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Essay on “The Animal World” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

The Animal World

Scientific and archaeological discoveries tell us that man has probably emerged from animals through the process of evolution.

“The Origin of Species, the world famous work by Darwin, specifically highlights his point, may be more theoretically and philosophically than scientifically. If we look at the human body carefully, we learn that even at present man is not much different from animals in various aspects. At best, he is an evolved animal.

The animals are like human beings in many respects. They have feelings like us. They feel heat and cold and pain like us. They love, hate and fear like human beings. They do not have a developed brain. Hence, probably they cannot think. The toughest thing against them is that if they cannot speak and express their views. If they could , they would at least say

“ O dear human being you are known as homo sapiens. You call yourself the crown of creation. You claim to take upon yourself the responsibility of the protection of all creatures, big and small please don’t be cruel to me. I do feel pain like you and my hear, too beats loudly and fearfully as cruelty is inflicted on me. “

 Indeed, it is a pity that man should be so cruel to animals when animals are so useful to him. Animals provide man with so many of his necessities of life. An overwhelming number of people are rich in Omega-3 which is so useful for human heart and for controlling cholesterol.

We get hides form animals which are used for making shoes, bags, purses , etc. we get wool from sheep.  Seal oil is used by people in snowy regions. We get milk from cows, buffaloes, goats, etc. Some  animals are used as beasts of burden, for instance, the camel the donkey, the mule, the ox, etc. horse is used for riding. Oxen are used for drawing carts. Snake poison is as a medicine.

Similarly, numerous animals are used for numerous purposes. Man does thousands of medical and scientific experiments on animals for various purposes. If still man is not thankful to animals, shouldn’t we term him as an ungrateful if not a detestable, cruel, cunning brat ?

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'On Animals': In her smart new essay collection, Susan Orlean illuminates the animal world

Susan Orlean brings a fresh buzzword to the cultural conversation when she describes herself as “animalish” in her new collection of essays, “On Animals” (Avid Reader Press, 256 pp., ★★★★ out of four). “I don’t just mean as a child,” she writes, “since all children love animals. I don’t just mean as a young girl … I mean that somehow or other, in whatever kind of life I happened to be leading, animals have always been my style.”

Many of us, feeling caged and pressed by the pandemic into a deeper connection with our pets, have probably never felt more animalish, though the bulk of Orlean’s book is not COVID-19-minded. Its 16 essays date from 1995 to 2020 and were written for The Atlantic, Smithsonian Magazine and, mostly, The New Yorker, where Orlean has been a longtime staff writer.

These include, true to her style, a fine biography of legendary Hollywood dog Rin Tin Tin, and the remarkable journalism that made “The Orchid Thief” a phenomenon. It became source material for the mind-bending, Oscar-winning 2002 Spike Jonze/Charlie Kaufman film, “Adaptation,” a tragicomic dive into American desperation, obsession and consequence, in which Orlean became a picaresque character played by Meryl Streep.

“On Animals” is not so ambitious, though it tends to build, novelistically, through its individual pieces into a broad meditation on how the connections we make or fail to make with animals mark us profoundly along our human journey. Orlean doesn’t pontificate, though; as always, her tone is conversational and self-questioning, as in the book’s first essay, “The It Bird,” from 2009, which explores the American passion, among privileged exurban homeowners, for backyard chickens.

“At first, I thought this chicken fixation was a phase I alone was going through,” she notes, explaining that in the post-Great Recession landscape, “chickens seem to be a perfect convergence of the economic, environmental, gastronomic, and emotional matters of the moment…” Wrangling chickens on her upstate New York acreage, Orlean was happy for their egg-laying and for their clucky profile as “useful and companionable creatures that were lovely and interesting.”

But things get more complicated from there. The essays that follow turn stranger, darker corners of the animalish. There’s Biff Truesdale, a perfect specimen of a boxer show dog whose pampered, pleasure-filled life of first-place finishes and steady work as a $600-per-session stud is a study in canine capitalism. Then there’s the epic “The Lady and the Tigers,” from 2002, which presages the pathological cat-mongering exposed in last year’s Netflix smash, “Tiger King.” In this case, Orlean explores the obsessions and legal woes of a New Jersey tiger hoarder who can’t even keep count of, let alone control, her fabulous, abused beasts.  

As for other “animal economies,” as she puts it, Orlean introduces us to the self-preservational stubbornness of mules (“In truth, it is probably a form of genius. A horse will eat until it founders and dies. A mule, though, will only eat as much as it can hold, even if it happens on an open bin of oats”). And so we’re met with Americans who overbid at mule auctions or overbuy on the internet. There are atmospheric takes on Cuban oxen, creepily hilarious reportage on the 2003 World Taxidermy Championships, a forensic account of rabbits falling prey to an outbreak of RHD (rabbit hemorrhagic disease), and a brief reflection on the charisma of the giant panda.

Ultimately, Orlean brings us back to her home turf in “Farmville,” an updated essay originally from 2010 about her family’s Hudson Valley farm, with its growing menagerie of fowl and cattle and its daily struggles, increasingly complicated by the pandemic. Now living in Los Angeles, Orlean may have flown one coop, but she has lost none of her animalishness in peopling another.  

Essay on Animal Protection

Students are often asked to write an essay on Animal Protection in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Animal Protection

Why animal protection matters.

Animal protection is important because animals are living beings and deserve respect. They maintain ecological balance and contribute to human survival. If we don’t protect them, many species may become extinct.

Threats to Animals

Ways to protect animals.

We can protect animals by preserving their habitats, reducing pollution, and promoting laws against animal cruelty. Every small action counts, and together, we can make a big difference.

250 Words Essay on Animal Protection

Introduction.

Animal protection is a significant issue that calls for immediate attention. It involves safeguarding animal rights and promoting their welfare, particularly for species that are endangered or threatened.

The Importance of Animal Protection

Current scenario.

Despite various laws and regulations, animal cruelty is still prevalent. Illegal poaching, habitat destruction, and climate change are leading to the rapid decline of many species. This calls for stricter enforcement of laws and more substantial penalties for violators.

Role of Society

Society plays a pivotal role in animal protection. Educating the public about animal rights, encouraging responsible pet ownership, and promoting veganism are some ways society can contribute. Moreover, supporting animal welfare organizations can make a significant difference.

Animal protection is a collective responsibility that requires concerted efforts from individuals, governments, and organizations. By prioritizing animal welfare, we can ensure a healthier ecosystem and a more compassionate world.

500 Words Essay on Animal Protection

As we delve into the 21st century, the issue of animal protection has become increasingly significant. The interdependence of life on Earth is a complex web, where each species, regardless of its size or perceived importance, plays a critical role. This essay aims to shed light on the importance of animal protection, the threats faced by animals, and the potential solutions for these issues.

Animal protection is not merely a matter of ethical consideration but a necessity for the survival and well-being of our planet. Animals contribute to the balance of nature and biodiversity, maintaining the intricate ecological equilibrium. They assist in pollination, pest control, decomposition, and nutrient cycling, among other ecological functions. Moreover, they are integral to our food chains and webs, with their extinction leading to potentially catastrophic consequences.

Threats to Animal Life

Additionally, illegal hunting and poaching for fur, ivory, or supposed medicinal properties have led to the drastic decline of numerous species. Pollution, particularly plastic waste, also poses a significant threat, leading to injuries, suffocation, or starvation for many marine and terrestrial creatures.

Legal Frameworks and Their Limitations

In response to these threats, several legal frameworks have been established at national and international levels to protect animals. These include the Endangered Species Act, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), and various wildlife protection acts. However, these laws often face challenges in enforcement due to lack of resources, corruption, and the vastness of areas that need to be monitored.

Proposed Solutions

Thirdly, public education is crucial. Many people are unaware of the threats faced by animals or the importance of biodiversity. By raising awareness, we can foster a culture of respect and care for animals.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

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Essay on Birds

500 words essay on birds.

Birds are very special animals that have particular characteristics which are common amongst all of them. For instance, all of them have feathers, wings and two legs. Similarly, all birds lay eggs and are warm-blooded. They are very essential for our environment and exist in different breeds. Thus, an essay on birds will take us through their importance.

Importance of Birds

Birds have different sizes and can be as small as 2 inches and as big as 2.75 metres. For instance, bee hummingbird (smallest) and ostrich (largest). Bird’s existence dates back to 160 million years ago.

There are different types of birds that exist which vary in characteristics. For instance, there are penguins that cannot fly. Further, there are birds that are known for their intelligence like Parrots and Corvidae.

Moreover, we have peacocks which are beautiful and symbolize rain and good weather. Next, there are bats and vultures as well. Birds connect very closely to the environment and are quite intuitive.

They can predict the weather conditions and some are kept near coal mines for the prediction of a mine explosion. It is because they are sensitive to the release of high levels of carbon monoxide. They are quite social and enjoy singing as well. Birds enjoy the freedom of moving anywhere without boundaries.

My Favourite Bird

My favourite bird is the parrot. It is a colourful bird that is present in many parts of the world. It comes in many shapes, sizes and colours. Parrots are famous for having vivid colours.

Some have a single, bright colour while others have a rainbow of different colours. Parrots are usually small and medium in size that mostly eats seeds, nuts and fruits. The lifespan of a parrot depends on its species.

Larger ones like cockatoos and macaws live for 80 years while the smaller ones like lovebirds live for around 15 years. In fact, parrots are quite intelligent. They have the ability to imitate human speech which is why many people keep them as pets.

Consequently, they are also the most sought-after type of bird for commercial purposes. All over the world, people are taking measures to ensure parrots get nice treatment. Many cultures also consider them sacred.

Parrots are highly intelligent and thrive at their best when they are free and not captured in cages. I used to have a parrot when I was little and I never kept it in a cage. It used to sit on my shoulder wherever I went and never flew away. Parrots are my favourite bird.

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Conclusion of the Essay on Birds

Due to hunting, poaching and disruption of the ecological balance, many birds are getting extinct. As a result, birds living in water like swans, ducks and more are also falling drastically in number because of pollution. Thus, we all must take proper measures to help the birds live and save them from extinction. Birds are vital for our ecosystem and its balance, thus we must all keep them safe.

FAQ of Essay on Birds

Question 1: How can we save birds?

Answer 1: We can save birds by doing little things like providing a source of water for them to drink. Further, we can elevate bird feeders and plant native plants and trees for them. Similarly, we can put up birdhouses and garden organically so that birds can feed on insects and worms.

Question 2: Why birds are important in our life?

Answer 2 : Birds are significant for our environment as well as for human beings as they play an important role in every living thing present on earth. Birds are one of the seed dispersers for plants who deliver us food, shelter and medicines and more.

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Animal Farm

George orwell.

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While Animal Farm condemns all forms of totalitarianism, it’s most explicitly a bitter attack on the Soviet Union. Though Orwell supported the ideals of socialism, he strongly opposed the Soviet Union’s descent into totalitarianism under Stalin in the decades before and during World War II. Animal Farm satirically attacks the Soviet Union by mirroring many events from Soviet history, and though Animal Farm is subtitled “A Fairy Story,” almost nothing that happens in it is at all fantastical; nearly every event, and indeed every character , correlates to a historical event, person, or group of people.

The first portion of the novel has parallels to the final years of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century. Mr. Jones is a parallel to Tsar Nicholas, the final monarch of Russia, whose family was widely seen as decadent and unconcerned with the fact that many Russians at that point were starving and wildly dissatisfied with their rulers. Old Major represents Vladimir Lenin, a Marxist revolutionary who led the Bolshevik Party that ultimately ousted Nicholas during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. Like Old Major, Lenin didn’t survive to see his ideals come to fruition; rather, his associate Leon Trotsky, represented by Snowball in the novel, took over and advocated for spreading revolutions all over the world (as when Snowball proposes sending out more pigeons to spread word of the rebellion to neighboring farms) and planned to modernize what, by this time, had become the USSR. Joseph Stalin exiled Trotsky, however, and ultimately assassinated him in Mexico. Stalin, like his literary counterpart Napoleon , didn’t care much for debate, and instead amassed power, developed a totalitarian state, and relied heavily on propaganda to control the population. Events on Animal Farm after Napoleon’s takeover mirror many that happened in the USSR during his rule, including Stalin’s Five Year Plans (the first and second windmills ), rebellions on the part of farmers and sailors (the hens ’ rebellion), and Stalin’s show trials and executions (the confessions and executions of the four young pigs and other animals). The novel ends with a parallel to the Tehran Conference in 1943, during which Winston Churchill of Great Britain, Franklin D. Roosevelt of the US, and Stalin met to discuss how to achieve peace after World War II, an event that Orwell mocks when both Mr. Pilkington (the Allies) and Napoleon cheat at cards, presciently predicting what would ultimately develop into the Cold War between the US and the USSR.

Notably, Animal Farm focuses intently on the inner monologues and experiences of those who don’t have much or any power, such as Clover and Boxer (who symbolize female and male peasant workers, respectively). Through Clover’s experience in particular, Orwell paints a picture of 40 years’ worth of history that was alternately, and at times simultaneously, hopeful and horrific—and often hungry and scary for those without power, education, or the means to escape—as Mollie , the cat , and the real-life middle class do and did. Further, Orwell doesn’t stop at vilifying the USSR alone. Instead, he suggests that capitalists who got rich doing business with the USSR, as represented by Mr. Whymper , and ultimately, the allies who gave Stalin a legitimate place on the world stage, as represented by the farmers’ visit to Animal Farm at the end of the novel, are also to blame for what happened. Through this, Orwell cautions against romanticizing any aspect of Russian or USSR history, as even though he may have sympathized with the ideals that drove the revolution to begin with, he makes it very clear that the fruits of the revolution are nothing anyone should aspire to. Rather than helping anyone, the revolutions actually led to starvation, fear, death, and trauma of all sorts.

The Soviet Union ThemeTracker

The Soviet Union Quotes in Animal Farm

“Why then do we continue in this miserable condition? Because nearly the whole of the produce of our labour is stolen from us by human beings.”

At this there was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping jaws.

If a window was broken or a drain was blocked up, someone was certain to say that Snowball had come in the night and done it, and when the key of the store-shed was lost, the whole farm was convinced that Snowball had thrown it down the well. Curiously enough, they went on believing this even after the mislaid key was found under a sack of meal.

The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.

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Great Purge

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• Academia - The Great Purge
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Great Purge , three widely publicized show trials and a series of closed, unpublicized trials held in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s, in which many prominent Old Bolsheviks were found guilty of treason and executed or imprisoned. All the evidence presented in court was derived from preliminary examinations of the defendants and from their confessions. It was subsequently established that the accused were innocent, that the cases were fabricated by the secret police ( NKVD ), and that the confessions were made under pressure of intensive torture and intimidation.

(Read Leon Trotsky’s 1926 Britannica essay on Lenin.)

The trials successfully eliminated the major real and potential political rivals and critics of Joseph Stalin . The trials were the public aspect of the widespread purge that sent millions of alleged “enemies of the people” to prison camps in the 1930s.

The first trial opened in August 1936, while Genrikh G. Yagoda was head of the secret police. The main defendants were Grigory Yevseyevich Zinovyev , Lev Kamenev , and Ivan Smirnov, all of whom had been prominent Bolsheviks at the time of the October Revolution (1917) and during the early years of the Soviet regime. With 13 codefendants they were accused of having joined Leon Trotsky in 1932 to form a terrorist organization in order to remove Stalin from power. The prosecution blamed the group for the assassination of Sergei Kirov (December 1934) and suggested that it planned to murder Stalin and his close political associates. On August 24, 1936, the court found the defendants guilty and ordered their executions.

The second trial opened in January 1937, after N.I. Yezhov had replaced Yagoda as chief of the NKVD. The major defendants were G.L. Pyatakov , G.Y. Sokolnikov, L.P. Serebryakov, and Karl Radek , all prominent figures in the Soviet regime. They and their 17 codefendants were accused of forming an “anti-Soviet Trotskyite centre,” which had allegedly collaborated with Trotsky to conduct sabotage , wrecking, and terrorist activities that would ruin the Soviet economy and reduce the defensive capability of the Soviet Union. They were accused of working for Germany and Japan and of intending to overthrow the Soviet government and restore capitalism . They were found guilty on January 30, 1937; Sokolnikov, Radek, and two others were given 10-year sentences, and the rest were executed.

At the third trial (March 1938), the prosecution suggested that the Zinovyev–Trotsky conspiracy also included Nikolay Bukharin and Aleksey Ivanovich Rykov , the leaders of the right-wing opposition to Stalin that had been prominent in the late 1920s. Yagoda was also accused of being a member of the conspiracy, as were three prominent doctors who had attended leading government officials. A total of 21 defendants were accused of performing numerous acts of sabotage and espionage with the intent to destroy the Soviet regime, dismember the Soviet Union, and restore the capitalist system. They were also charged with responsibility for Kirov’s death, and it was alleged that Yagoda had ordered the three doctors to murder the former secret police chief V.R. Menzhinsky, the author Maxim Gorky , and a member of the Politburo , V.V. Kuibyshev. Bukharin was accused of having plotted to murder Lenin in 1918. Although one defendant, N.N. Krestinsky, retracted his guilty plea, and Bukharin and Yagoda skillfully responded to the prosecutor Andrey Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky’s questions to demonstrate their innocence, all the defendants except three were sentenced to death on March 13, 1938.

In addition to the so-called show trials, a series of closed trials of top Soviet military leaders was held in 1937–38, in which a number of prominent military leaders were eliminated; the closed trials were accompanied by a massive purge throughout the Soviet armed forces. Stalin’s liquidation of experienced military leadership during this purge was one of the major factors contributing to the poor performance of Soviet forces in the initial phase of the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941.

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Joseph Stalin’ Show Trials: A Short Summary

Joseph Stalin’s show trials were common during his political repressions, such as the Moscow Trials of the Great Purge period (1937–38). The Soviet authorities staged the actual trials meticulously.

The trials were held against Stalin’s political enemies, such as the Trotskyists and those involved with the Right Opposition of the Communist Party. The trials were shams that led to the execution of most defendants. Every surviving member of the Lenin-era part was tried, and almost every important Bolshevik from the Revolution was executed. Over 1,100 delegates to the party congress in 1934 were arrested.  The killings were part of Stalin’s Great Purge, in which opportunists and Bolshevik cadres from the time of the Russian Revolution who could rally opposition to Joseph Stalin were killed. He did so at a time of growing discontent in the 1930s for his mismanagement of the Soviet economy, leading to mass famines during periods of rapid and poorly executed industrialization and farm collectivization.

Prominent Americans could even be found to defend Stalin show trials, a spectacle of political theater so transparent that it would have taken genuine effort not to see through it. In order to terrorize Communist Party members into absolute submission and at the same time eliminate potential rivals, Stalin put on a series of high-profile trials in which prominent Communists confessed to treachery against the Soviet Union. In some cases, people were coaxed into making these confessions by threats against their families if they refused. One by one some of the most loyal Communists , dating back to the days of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, solemnly admitted to counterrevolutionary activity. George Orwell could hardly have improved on this eerie and macabre spectacle.

Yet there were those on the American Left who supported Stalin and vouched for the authenticity of the trials. In 1938, some 150 Americans prominent in the entertainment industry signed a statement in support of the verdicts reached in “the recent Moscow trials.” According to the expert opinion of these Broadway stars and assorted glitterati, the trials had “by sheer weight of evidence established a clear presumption of the guilt of the defendants.” As if this weren’t bad enough, people who knew better said the same thing. The U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union, Joseph Davies , insisted to the American government that the trials were genuine, a claim he stood by in his 1941 book Mission to Moscow. He told the New Republic, “We see no reason to take the trial at other than its face value.” The proceedings, he said, had uncovered the “virus of a conspiracy to overthrow the [Soviet] government.” Duranty, for his part, described it as “unthinkable” that Stalin could have sentenced his friends to death “unless the proofs of guilt were overwhelming,” and wrote of his conviction that “the confessions are true.”A

After Stalin’s death, Soviet premier Nikita Khruschev repudiated the trials in a speech to the Twentieth Congress of the Russian Communist Party:

The commission has become acquainted with a large quantity of materials in the NKVD archives and with other documents and has established many facts pertaining to the fabrication of cases against Communists, to glaring abuses of Socialist legality which resulted in the death of innocent people. It became apparent that many party, Government and economic activists who were branded in 1937–38 as ‘enemies,’ were actually never enemies, spies, wreckers, etc., but were always honest Communists … They were only so stigmatized and often, no longer able to bear barbaric tortures, they charged themselves (at the order of the investigative judges – falsifiers) with all kinds of grave and unlikely crimes.

Additional Resources About Cold War

The Cold War Timeline

What was the iron curtain and how did it collapse.

The Origins of the Cold War Timeline

Cold War Detente — US/Soviet Enmity Cools

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Essay on Animals: How to Write a Persuasive Paper

When writing a persuasive paper, your purpose is to convince your audience to agree with your idea or accept your recommendation for a course of action. If you’ve decided to write an essay on animals (either for a school assignment or for another purpose), here are the steps to follow.

1. Choose a topic

Some sample topics for an essay on animals include:

• Everyone should spay or neuter their pets .
• Adoption is the best option.
• Dogs should be treated as individuals, not discriminated against because of breed.
• Microchipping is important to keep pets with their families.

2. Research information on the topic

You can do research online and at the library, plus talk to experts in the field, to get more information. While reviewing the materials, look for interesting facts or tidbits that will hook your readers.

3. Create a flow chart 

Give Snickers a bright future

Reason 2   

   Supporting data   

Reason 3   

4. Write the thesis statement for your paper

Now it's time to fill in the flow chart, first with your thesis statement. For example: "Everyone should spay or neuter their pets." This statement will go in the first box in your flow chart. The flow chart is a visual way to help you create an outline. An outline will help you organize the information in a logical order. Your finished product will have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.

5. Write the reasons and supporting data

The body will contain the reasons and the supporting data listed on your flow chart. The body not only contains evidence to support your opinion but also addresses one or two opposing views. 

Be sure to include your counter-argument when stating the opposing view. For example, one opposing view to the above statement might be this: "Many people think that an animal who has been spayed or neutered will become lazy and fat." Your counter-argument could be this: "This is a misconception. The main reason pets become overweight is lack of exercise and overfeeding."

6. Note engaging facts

Keep the flow chart handy as you read through all the information you have gathered. In a separate place, write “Hooks and facts to grab the reader’s attention,” and as you review your material, jot down cool facts that you come across. For example: "Just one female cat and her offspring can produce an estimated 420,000 cats in only seven years."

7. Consider all angles

Be sure to address a wide variety of reasons to support your topic statement. For example: Think about pet overpopulation, overcrowded shelters, the costs to your city or town, the effects on pet health, and pet behavior. What would your audience find most important?

8. Expand each reason individually

Before writing your actual paper, keep your facts straight by writing each reason and the supporting evidence on separate sheets of paper or documents.

9. Write your essay

Write your first draft. Then, revise your outline and draft as needed until you have your final draft. If necessary, include a bibliography.

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Britain’s Violent Riots: What We Know

Officials had braced for more unrest on Wednesday, but the night’s anti-immigration protests were smaller, with counterprotesters dominating the streets instead.

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By Lynsey Chutel

After days of violent rioting set off by disinformation around a deadly stabbing rampage, the authorities in Britain had been bracing for more unrest on Wednesday. But by nightfall, large-scale anti-immigration demonstrations had not materialized, and only a few arrests had been made nationwide.

Instead, streets in cities across the country were filled with thousands of antiracism protesters, including in Liverpool, where by late evening, the counterdemonstration had taken on an almost celebratory tone.

Over the weekend, the anti-immigration protests, organized by far-right groups, had devolved into violence in more than a dozen towns and cities. And with messages on social media calling for wider protests and counterprotests on Wednesday, the British authorities were on high alert.

With tensions running high, Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s cabinet held emergency meetings to discuss what has become the first crisis of his recently elected government. Some 6,000 specialist public-order police officers were mobilized nationwide to respond to any disorder, and the authorities in several cities and towns stepped up patrols.

Wednesday was not trouble-free, however.

In Bristol, the police said there was one arrest after a brick was thrown at a police vehicle and a bottle was thrown. In the southern city of Portsmouth, police officers dispersed a small group of anti-immigration protesters who had blocked a roadway. And in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where there have been at least four nights of unrest, disorder continued, and the police service said it would bring in additional officers.

But overall, many expressed relief that the fears of wide-scale violence had not been realized.

Here’s what we know about the turmoil in Britain.

Where arrests have been reported

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Banksy's back with surprise daily street art of animals across London

Willem Marx

People gather to look at an artwork by street artist Banksy depicting two pelicans catching fish, painted on top of a fish-and-chips shop in Walthamstow, northeast London, on Aug. 9. Benjamin Cremel/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

LONDON — Street artist Banksy has grabbed attention this summer with a spectacular series of London artworks that has delighted and confounded the city's residents and visitors alike.

Banksy — whose real identity remains unknown despite more than two decades in the public eye — has been unveiling stencils and installations depicting animals at different spots around the city every day for more than a week, announcing them on Instagram .

The works, all but one of them painted stencils in public spaces, have left his fans and art critics guessing as to their meaning, appearing soon after the worst far-right riots in more than 10 years rocked cities and towns across the United Kingdom. They have once more catapulted the artist back into the center of the country's cultural conversation.

"There's strong evidence over the years that Banksy sees himself as a political artist and has a resonance in political terms in almost everything that he does," says Andrew Renton, a professor of curating at Goldsmiths University of London, one of Britain's most high-profile arts institutions. "And it's kind of interesting, because the works that have appeared in the past week are in many ways not political."

On Aug. 5, a black goat materialized on an old industrial building in southwest London. Then the following day, two elephants appeared — as if talking to one another through bricked up windows — at the end of a row of houses in nearby Chelsea. Monkeys were seen stenciled swinging across a bridge near an East London public transit station. And a wolf was painted on a satellite dish in South London — then dramatically stolen by several masked men who moved quickly with a ladder and a getaway van but were filmed on a bystander's cellphone.

A train goes past an artwork by street artist Banksy, depicting three monkeys, painted on the side of a railway bridge in east London on Aug. 7. Henry Nicholls/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

A woman and children view a mural depicting a goat by the street artist Bansky, on Aug. 5. Carl Court/Getty Images hide caption

A week ago, in the northeast of London, a painted pair of pelicans were spotted perched above a fish-and-chips shop, as though wolfing down fish on the storefront's signage. The next day, a cat adorned an abandoned billboard on a lonely stretch of road and then a glass police box in the heart of the city's financial district was transformed overnight into a fish tank.

Art & Design

A new banksy museum has opened in nyc … minus banksy.

The final two pieces in the series included a mural of a rhino that appeared to be climbing atop an abandoned car, and a gorilla on shutters outside London's largest zoo that was lifting up a curtain to allow a seal and several birds to escape captivity.

Besides the theft, some pieces since their appearance have been defaced by other graffiti artists, moved by local authorities to safer locations or taken down altogether.

"It's kind of illusion magic, and that's what draws you in," says Renton. "It's not high flying, it's not deeply philosophical, it's not hard. The accessibility is what gives him a tool to communicate."

People gather around an artwork by street artist Banksy, the eighth to released in eight days, depicting a rhino mounting a car, on a wall in Charlton, London, on Aug. 12. Adrian Dennis/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Banksy published photographs of each of the works on his Instagram account, allowing him to reach a much larger global audience — with more than 13 million followers — than was possible when he was spray-painting buildings in Bristol , England, back in the 1990s.

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Life in a ukrainian town: rampaging russians, power cuts, a visit by banksy.

But he has also produced paintings and prints for commercial work, donating much of the money he earns from sales to philanthropic causes that seem to dovetail with the social criticism often reflected in his work, themes that have included U.K. politics, Israel's war in Gaza and the Russian invasion of Ukraine .

There is no clear reason or explanation for this animal-focused art series, but some have speculated it could be in reference to the recent riots as an indication that eventually humanity has the power to destroy itself and cities like London could eventually return to nature. Another suggestion, posited by a BBC presenter, is that Banksy cares deeply about the environment, animal welfare and broader ecological issues, so the final image of a gorilla releasing other animals should apply retroactively to all the creatures in the previous images.

A woman walks past an artwork featuring two elephants, purportedly by Banksy, on a residential building on Aug. 6. Carl Court/Getty Images Europe hide caption

A person draws artwork in front of one of the recent pieces by Banksy, in which fish adorn a a London Police box on Ludgate Hill, on Aug. 11. Ryan Hiscott/Getty Images hide caption

"He puts situations together which are at first, playful and comical, and humorous," says art dealer and curator Acoris Andipa, who runs the London-based Andipa Gallery and sells Banksys worldwide. "People laugh, and then suddenly, draw, you know, suck between their teeth and just go, 'Ouch, that's got a sting to it.' It's a conversation starter."

Andipa sold his first Banksy work in the mid-2000s, and has since sold hundreds of Banksy's paintings and thousands of prints. With his knowledge of the commercial market for Banksy's work, he says the recent London series may once more remind people of the artist's existence, but is unlikely to inflate prices for the existing work significantly.

The controversial nature of much of Banksy's work not only criticizes public positions or government actions, but also challenges the art market and its participants — often adding to its allure.

"The anti-establishment theme that's been so strong in a lot of Banksy's prints, a lot of people really like that — poking fun at the art world, which there are sort of participating in," says Jasper Tordoff, a Banksy specialist at a company called My Art Broker that bills itself as the largest private secondhand dealer of the artist's work. "That's, again, something that collectors really enjoy."

Zoo staff measure up a mural of a gorilla freeing animals that adorns a shutter at the London Zoo on Aug. 13. Leon Neal/Getty Images hide caption

Tordoff says Banksy's continued anonymity in some ways inures the artist to the pushback that confrontational stances might occasionally provoke.

"He's hiding behind this mask: If his identity was revealed, I think it would be much easier to say, 'I don't like that stance,'" Tordoff says. "Immediately you would associate, you would know much more about them."

Almost everyone in the art world has a theory about Banksy's real identity, a 20-plus-year mystery that's prompted British tabloids to offer large sums of money for anyone that might help them solve it.

For Andipa, who says he has never met the artist in person but knows many people who have, Banksy's continued success at retaining anonymity relies on several factors, including building strong relationships within an inner circle, a Robin Hood-like reputation as a philanthropist, and a certain secretive romance with street art installations.

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