what is a topic sentence in research

How to Write Masterful Topic Sentences for Essays

A topic sentence, usually the first sentence in a paragraph, introduces the main idea of that paragraph and sets its tone. A topic sentence is especially important in  essays , where topics change from paragraph to paragraph. This makes knowing how to write a topic sentence crucial for any student or writer. 

Of course, writing a topic sentence yourself isn’t always easy. How do you start one? What details should you include—or not include? This quick guide explains everything you need about how to write a topic sentence, with plenty of examples sprinkled throughout. 

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Table of contents

Purpose of a topic sentence

• Topic sentence types and examples

How to write a good topic sentence

On the surface, the purpose of a topic sentence is merely to present the main idea of the paragraph so that the reader knows what to expect. However, the best topic sentences do a little more. 

First, topic sentences string together paragraphs in a way that progresses nicely and facilitates reading. Moving from one paragraph to another can feel jarring and abrupt, so topic sentences help maintain the flow of the overall piece of writing—and readers’ focus as a result. 

Moreover, topic sentences also “preview” what the reader can expect from the rest of the paragraph. Based on the topic sentence, the reader can figure out if the paragraph will contain a list, statistical data, anecdotal evidence, persuasive opinions, a narrative, or something else. 

If the same paragraph covers opposing points of view, you may need two or more topic sentences to show the reader the main idea has changed. The most common example of this is in paragraphs that compare or contrast positions, in which case each perspective needs its own introduction . 

For these types of paragraphs , you could introduce your first idea with the opening topic sentence, then provide one or two sentences of support, and afterward introduce a second topic sentence known as a pivot (explained below). The pivot topic sentence introduces the paragraph’s second main idea or contradicting point of view, also followed by one or two sentences of support. 

Different types of essays use topic sentences differently as well.  Argumentative essays and  persuasive essays may have more opinionated topic sentences, whereas those in expository essays would stick to facts. Compare-and-contrast essays , which alternate between opposite sides of a topic, rely on topic sentences to ease those transitions, on top of everything else. 

This is true not just for different essay types, but also  different paragraph types as well. Even within the same essay, the author may switch up paragraph styles between expository, descriptive, persuasive, and narrative —in that case, each requires a slightly different style of topic sentence. 

Topic sentence vs. thesis statement

If you’re also learning about  how to write a thesis paper , you may get topic sentences confused with thesis statements. Basically, topic sentences introduce the main idea of a paragraph, whereas thesis statements introduce the main idea of the entire paper or essay. Both serve the same function—preparing the reader with a preview—but in different capacities.  

Topic sentence types and examples 

Before you learn how to write a topic sentence, it helps to see what different forms they can take. Here we explain the different types, along with some topic sentence examples. 

Simple statement

This is the most basic type of topic sentence, in which the author makes a general statement that the rest of the paragraph elaborates on. 

New research indicates a link between a person’s cognitive style and the type of content they post on Twitter. 

Those weeks at the farmhouse gave me some of the best memories of my life. 

To break up the monotony of using the same sentence types over and over again, you can phrase your topic sentences as direct commands or requests to your readers. 

Take a look at the data to see what I mean. 

Now let’s consider the alternative. 

Question (interrogative) 

Opening a paragraph with a question is a great way to get the reader interested and involved, as long as you stay on topic. 

What would you do if you became a millionaire overnight?

How many countries are prepared for a change in sea levels?  

If you have a complicated topic that covers multiple ideas, you may want to use a complex topic sentence. Even though these would still qualify as “statements,” they address more than one main idea. 

Although the majority of people still believe in alpha wolf theory, the truth is that wolf packs in nature don’t necessarily have a designated leader. 

As appealing as Ayn Rand’s ideas may seem to some, the logical and evidential support just isn’t there. 

Purely transitional

While all topic sentences have to deal with transitions to a degree, in some cases they can be purely transitional. These work best in circumstances when the topic changes drastically by drawing attention to the switch. 

However, not everyone agrees.

This was just the way the world was, and perhaps always would have been, if a random apple had not fallen onto the head of a young Isaac Newton. 

Similar to purely transitional sentences, pivot sentences are embedded within a paragraph— not at the beginning—to indicate a shift from one topic to another. They often include conjunctive adverbs such as however , meanwhile , furthermore , etc. 

By contrast, Nikola Tesla saw alternating current as a better solution. 

However, the Bears’ winning streak could not last forever. 

Topic sentences follow many of the usual  guidelines for writing sentences , but there are a few particular tips just for them. 

1 Get the reader interested with a hook

Good topic sentences usually include a “hook,” or something that makes people want to read more. While some are more common than others,  you can hook your readers in a variety of ways: 

• Shocking revelations , like surprising facts or impressive data

Despite the record-breaking turnouts, only one percent of the teams managed to complete the first challenge. 

• Mystery , which is especially useful with interrogative topic sentences

What finally changed the senator’s mind? 

• Emotion , or encouraging the reader to form a personal connection with the topic

Living with a dog has its difficulties, but not as many as living without one. 

2 Find a middle ground between general and specific

One of the biggest challenges in writing topic sentences is learning how much to include and how much to save for the rest of the paragraph. In short, you want to say just enough so that the reader knows what the paragraph is about, and ideally gets interested. Everything else should wait until the supporting sentences. 

For example, let’s look at a topic sentence for a paragraph about an apartment, from Meghan Daum’s essay “ My Misspent Youth ”: 

There was nothing particularly fancy about the place. 

The remaining paragraph is full of specific details about the apartment, but Daum doesn’t mention them in the opening sentence. Likewise, she doesn’t ignore the description altogether, giving a glimpse to the reader to pique their curiosity and prepare them for a paragraph describing the place. 

3 Be clear above all

The most important part of topic sentences is clarity. Even if you get the reader excited and eager to read more, it won’t matter if they don’t know what they’re reading about. 

This may be easy enough when just writing a single topic sentence, but it gets harder when writing sentence after sentence for hours on end. After a while, you get bogged down by your own thoughts and concerns about the essay and may momentarily forget about the reader’s perspective.

If that writing process sounds familiar, try Grammarly. Our product not only catches typos and grammar mistakes, but also points out mismatched tone , weak word choice , and even assesses clarity. 

You have enough things to worry about when writing an essay; don’t let the high-priority concerns like clarity fall through the cracks. Try Grammarly for free to see for yourself. 

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What are Topic Sentences? A Comprehensive Guide with Examples

Published by Alaxendra Bets at August 18th, 2021 , Revised On August 22, 2023

“Topic sentences briefly describe what each paragraph of an essay will explore and discuss. You can consider topic sentences as the heading or the headline for the paragraph.”

Topic sentences help to;

• Establish the focus of the paragraph
• Demonstrate how the content of the paragraph relates to the overall thesis statement .
• The transition from one paragraph to another

How to Write Topic Sentences

Topic sentences are written and rewritten throughout the  essay writing process  to make sure your  essay  is coherent and has a smooth and logical progression of ideas. However, before you can get to write topic sentences, you will be required to develop a strong and logical  thesis statement  that provides the paper’s purpose.

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Example Thesis Statement

Increasing consumption of processed food items has led to several environmental issues over the last decade or so. To save the planet from the disastrous consequences of increasing processed food production, it is vitally important to review and renew the existing production and consumption forms.

Once you have developed the thesis statement, you must prepare an outline to structure your essay correctly. Each paragraph in the outline will start with a topic sentence that will enable you to remember what you want to say and provide evidence you will use to support your arguments within that particular paragraph.

It should be noted that each topic sentence will introduce the focal theme of the corresponding paragraph and demonstrate how it relates to the thesis statement.

Example Topic Sentence

Studies have revealed that the meat industry is one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution.

The remaining paragraph can progress logically from this statement to include arguments and evidence.

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Using Topic Sentences for Transitioning

Topic sentences are often used for transitioning between paragraphs  in the paper. This means you can make use of transition words to give more weight and meaning to the statement. Here is a question that you should ask yourself;

• How does the topic sentence that you created relates to the arguments and evidence presented in the previous paragraph?

Your topic sentence will be based on any of the following three strategies depending on the correlation between the paragraphs;

Highlight and Emphasize

You might consider making use of transitional words such as moreover, in fact, indeed, furthermore, as mentioned, indeed, certainly, although, however – where you want to expand and emphasize on the point you made in the preceding paragraph to add more weight and detail to your argument.

Also Read:  How to Use Transitions in Essay

Certainly, water and land have been significantly affected by the ever-increasing quantities of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from cattle farms.

Condense and Anticipate

You can choose to present additional evidence in the new topic statement and briefly describe the preceding paragraph’s theme if you aim to discuss a different aspect of the same subject matter in the new paragraph.

Although cattle farming is believed to be the largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, other forms of farming such as poultry farming are also having a damaging effect on our environment.

Making Comparison

If you must compare or contrast information in the new paragraph, your topic sentence should use appropriate transition words to highlight the comparison. For example, you can use transition words such as “on the other hand,” “in comparison,” and “however.”

On the other hand, it is not always easy to establish the exact cost associated with our dietary choices. For example, it is possible that the environmental impact of a specific plant-based food production house could be considerably greater than a small scale cattle farm.

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Introducing Multiple Paragraphs with a Single Topic Sentence

It is possible to use a single topic sentence to introduce several  paragraphs  at once. For example, if you see the above examples in a broader picture, you will realise that all of them belong to one larger argument: excessive meat consumption is causing severe environmental issues, and veganism is the choice that could potentially address the situation.

Making the food industry sustainable is a challenge that can be overcome by introducing plan based food products. This means that your first topic sentence can introduce several paragraphs.

Where to Place Topic Sentences?

It is common to have the topic sentence as the first statement of the paragraph, but this may not always be the case, and you may choose to place it  in the middle  or at the very end, which generally suggests a change of opinion.

Veganism appears to be the only sustainable option for the food industry, considering the evidence confirming the impact of cattle farming on the environment. On the other hand, it is not always easy to establish the exact cost associated with our dietary choices. For example, it is possible that the environmental impact of a specific plant-based food production house could be considerably greater than a small scale cattle farm.

The first statement in the above example emphasizes the focal point. The topic sentence will briefly describe whether the corresponding paragraph will provide the argument in support or against the main point.

However, as indicated before, you are always free to choose where to place the topic sentences to give more weight and strength to your arguments. But if in doubt, it would be best to start the paragraph with the topic sentence.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a topic sentence example.

Here’s a topic sentence example: “Increased access to technology has revolutionized communication, leading to significant changes in how people interact and share information in the modern digital age.”

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How to Write Topic Sentences (Tips, Examples, Steps, and Starters)

You are probably wondering what goes into a topic sentence, why you must write a good topic sentence, and how topic sentences could transform your entire essay.

The truth is that students who have perfected the art of writing great topic sentences have always been successful in every piece of academic writing, such as essays, term papers, research papers, proposals, etc., that they undertake.

A well-polished topic sentence is crucial to your paragraphs. By reading the topic sentences, your professor or instructor can tell the grade that your paper will fetch.

Given that a topic sentence is like a headline to a news piece in a newspaper, whose purpose is to highlight what is to come in the paragraph, writing the best is inevitable.

Comparatively, a topic sentence is to a paragraph, what a thesis statement is to an essay, and what signposts are to whole sections in an essay or long paper. If we consider a paragraph a miniature essay, a topic sentence is a mini-thesis statement.

Let's explore every detail of the topic sentence to help you write topic sentences that will make your readers yearn to read more of your written pieces.

What is a Topic Sentence?

A topic sentence is the foremost sentence that appears in every paragraph. Its central role is to help organize the paragraph by summarizing the information in a paragraph. It expresses what the paragraph is about. Everything in the paragraph is anchored on the topic sentence.

The topic sentence comes first in terms of paragraph structure. Although it is always the first sentence, it can sometimes come after the transitional sentence.

When composing our guide to help you write masterful body paragraphs , we insisted on writing a perfect topic sentence to get higher grades for essays and papers. The topic sentence does many things. However, its main role is to state the paragraph's main point or controlling idea. It is akin to a mini-thesis in your body paragraphs. Let's see other roles it also plays.

A topic sentence does the following:

• Informs the readers/audience of the subject that is discussed in the paragraph
• Creates a sense of action
• Sets the focus of the paragraph
• Comprises the directing words and the topic
• It is never vague, too narrow or broad, and rambling
• Intrigues the readers to continue reading
• Asserts the point of view or attitude of the writer

What makes a good topic sentence?

Now that we know its roles or functions, let's look at the characteristics of a good topic sentence. Your topic sentence should strive to achieve these standards:

• It is a one-sentence statement indicating the paragraph's purpose, subject, or point.
• It is assertive and specific
• Introduces the topic in the paragraph
• Contains the central point and the topic of the paragraph
• It has a narrower focus than the thesis statement
• It appears in or near the first sentence of the paragraph
• It is the controlling idea for the paragraph
• Must relate to the thesis statement of your essay or paper
• It helps the readers to identify the major ideas fronted or discussed in the paragraph
• Contains one idea or multiple related ideas (complex topic sentence) that connect to the paragraph

If you are wondering how to start a topic sentence, you should understand that topic sentences begin with a simple statement that you then refine to reflect the content of your paragraphs. Generally, a good topic sentence is specific enough to give an idea of the focus of the specific paragraph but general enough that it does not give everything away.

Placement of a Topic Sentence

So, where does the topic sentence go in a paragraph? Must it be at the beginning? Let's find out.

Although many people think a topic statement must be the first sentence in the paragraph, it is not cast in stone.

It is a conventional writing practice that a topic sentence comes early to orient the reader to the paragraph's focus. However, you can occasionally place the topic sentence after a transition sentence to create continuity of ideas or related topics.

The transition sentence summarizes what was discussed in the previous paragraph; your topic sentence expresses the focus of the paragraph you are writing.

Topic sentence to begin a paragraph

Example : In the novel "Sula," Morrison uses the physical bonds of female friendship to propel her characters into self-awareness.

Transition sentence and topic sentence in a paragraph

Example 1 : Undoubtedly, many people had seen the eventual growth of Bitcoin and cautioned others that it would be disastrous ( Transition sentence) . However, people who lost are those who were so much into the concept to take any pieces of advice ( Topic sentence)

The next sentence will discuss the characteristics of people who lost money in the Bitcoin crash.

Example 2 : Notably, Morrison succeeds in initiating the coming-of-age of female characters using spiritual and emotional bonds ( Transition Sentence ). In addition, the author uses the physical bonds of female friendship to propel her adolescent protagonists into self-awareness ( Topic Sentence) .

This sentence means that the coming paragraph delves into how the author uses physical bonds while the previous one discussed spiritual and emotional bonds.

Types of Topic Sentences to Use in Essays and Papers

Before we delve into how to write a topic sentence or the appropriate steps to take, it helps to have a discussion on the different forms a topic sentence can take. Let's look at the types and the respective examples of topic sentences.

Can topic sentences be used as transitions between paragraphs?

Yes, topic sentences can be used as transitions between paragraphs. They help build a flow of ideas by linking a paragraph from the previous one. When intending to use them as transitions, it is good to use transition or linking words as part of the topic sentence to vividly establish connections between the two ideas.

You can use them in various ways; we will cover each and give examples as necessary.

Compare and Contrast

When you intend to compare ideas in a paragraph with those in the preceding paragraph, or when presenting contrasting information, you can use words that highlight the difference.

You can use transitions such as however, on the other hand, yet, or in contrast.

Example: Although the costs of protecting the environment might be assumed to be high, the long-term benefits outweigh the cost.

Besides using transition words, you can also imply the contrast by formulating the topic sentence as a question.

Example: Is banning Bitcoin a solution, or are there other government-led strategies that can be used to control the cryptocurrency industry?

Emphasizing and Expanding

When a paragraph gives details or other examples of the same point, you can use words that imply similarity/emphasis, such as: for example, as an illustration, indeed, or in fact.

Example: Indeed, the Bitcoin industry has been flocked to and preferred by organized criminals who have managed to transact without being noticed by authorities.

Anticipating and Summarizing

When a paragraph shifts focus to a different aspect of the same subject, your topic sentence can sum up what was in the previous paragraph and anticipate what to expect in the new paragraph you are writing.

Example: While Bitcoin has strengthened global organized crime, the technology it is based on, blockchain technology, can be leveraged by governments for accountability, transparency, and sustainability of operations.

Examples of Good Topic Sentences

Let us now explore the examples of topic sentences, distinguishing between the two parts of a topic sentence: topic and controlling idea.

If you want to be a skillful writer, frame your topic sentence per the examples we have given above. The topic should tell your readers what the paragraph is about, while the controlling idea informs them of its direction. Topic sentences should set the tone of the paragraph and, at the same time, reflect on your paper's thesis or main idea.

How to write strong topic sentences in 5 steps

With your knowledge, let us now look at the steps you should take to write a perfect topic sentence. These steps will come in handy when writing an essay or paper. As explained below, you can write a good topic sentence in 5 steps.

1. Choose a good topic

When you select a good topic for your essay or paper, you can develop various topic sentences that support the topic with different ideas, as reflected in the paragraphs. Therefore, select a topic that is neither too narrow nor too broad yet interesting and practical.

2. Research widely for perspectives

After selecting the topic, ensure that you do some light preliminary research. Preliminary research will help you determine what scholars are saying about your topic.

Besides, you will also develop a perspective on the topic. And as you develop a perspective, you will have an idea of what the topic sentences, thesis, and paragraphs should look like.

For this step, you can use scholarly and non-scholarly resources because your main aim is to familiarize yourself with the chosen topic.

3. Write your thesis statement

As you research, you will know the points to address in your essay, especially the controlling or main idea, otherwise known as the thesis statement. Construct a thesis statement that is assertive, focused, and concise. It should determine your topic sentences.

4. Create an essay outline with draft topic sentences

After developing a thesis statement, create an outline as a roadmap for your essay or paper writing process. The outline will determine what points fall where and in what order.

Remember to specify the topic sentences for your body paragraphs when crafting the outline. Ensure that the topic sentences you have selected support your thesis.

You can refine the topic sentences as you write, so do not be so hard on yourself.

Writing the topic sentence follows the same guidelines as that writing sentences. However, there are a few deviations. We shall share more when exploring the tips to write topic sentences successfully.

5. Refine your topic sentence

After writing your topic sentences as a simple statement, in the beginning, revise them as you write or as you make discoveries on the topic. Ensure that each topic sentence matches the content in each paragraph.

Think of your topic sentences as signposts that tell readers the direction of your argument in the paragraph.

Ensure that there is a connection between the paragraphs for solid writing. And remember, you can use your topic sentences as transitions. When fine-tuning the topic sentences, ensure that they are clear and coherent. Anyone should understand them quickly and know what the paragraph is about. Also, use specific wording depending on the type of topic sentence you are writing.

Tips for Writing Appealing Topic Sentences

Apart from the steps discussed above, use the following tips to write topic sentences that make sense.

1. State the topic and controlling idea clearly

A topic sentence is most likely the first sentence in your paragraph and sometimes the second after a transition sentence. Regardless of order, ensure it states the topic and the controlling idea. Doing so makes your intention and direction in the paragraph known to your readers.

2. You should balance it between general and specific ideas

A topic sentence links your paragraph to your thesis statement. Therefore, you need to ensure that it balances broad and narrow ideas. Avoid vagueness or being too general when writing an idea. Never write a narrow statement but let it be a sentence with some sense of focus and direction.

3. You should hook your readers

A paragraph is a mini-essay; start by hooking your readers in the topic sentence. You can achieve this by describing a character, using a dialogue, stating a fact, using details or facts, portraying emotions, shocking revelations, or stating some mysteries to get the readers interested. Then, when you whet your readers' appetite, they automatically give in and read the entire paragraph.

4. Be concise

Good topic sentences are clear. Make sure that your topic sentences are brief. Make your intentions clear off the bat. You should frame the topic sentence to make it slightly more specific than the thesis statement.

A short, clear, and direct topic sentence creates a good flow. Only state, in your topic sentence, facts that can be substantiated or supported by concrete evidence

. You can use a reasonable opinion in your topic sentence. However, that should be the case if you can back up your claims through supporting sentences. Topic sentences are not limited to facts alone; you can use opinions if they can be substantiated. And as soon as you are ready with your essay, do a complete topic sentence reverse outline to assess whether they are strong, clear, and concise.

5. Use the topic sentence as a transition

We have already discussed using topic sentences as transitions in the examples and previous sections. First, guide your readers through your argument by connecting ideas when you use transition topic sentences. Then, when you use them as a bridge, you achieve some great flow that keeps your readers interested until the end.

6. Do not list information

Like in chess or poker, you should never lay all your cards or show your next move early. When writing topic sentences, avoid listing what to expect in the paragraph. Instead, give a snippet of what is to come in the paragraph. Avoid mentioning everything upfront because there is no need to read the entire paragraph.

7. Do not mention things you will not support

If you make any statement in the topic sentence, support it in the paragraph. Therefore, if you have no intention of examining any point further, let it slide. However, if you give facts, opinions, or both, ensure that your paragraph expounds on and expands on them.

8. Do not begin with quotes or rhetorical questions

You can use all the sentence starters and hooks but quotes and rhetorical questions. When a quote or question is fantastic, leave it out of the topic sentence preferences.

These are not your words; a topic sentence should include some of your opinions and not someone else's. Mainly, that is why we never have in-text citations on topic sentences.

When you realize that a quote is opinion-based, adopt its concept, and write your opinion. And if it is based on facts, save it for later in the paragraph and then expound it to support the topic sentence and the thesis.

Regarding the rhetorical question, let the readers formulate questions in their minds, not you. In a similar vein, avoid summarizing events in your topic sentences.

Topic Sentence Checklist

After you are done with writing your body paragraphs, you can use the checklist below to evaluate their effectiveness.

• Is the topic sentence the first statement in your sentence?
• Is the topic sentence coming after the transitional sentence? If so, does it fit perfectly?
• Is there a clear link between your topic sentence and the paper's thesis?
• Does the topic sentence have a topic and a controlling idea?
• Does the topic sentence reflect the scope of the paragraph without stating the exact facts?
• Is the topic sentence focused? Is your topic sentence precise, brief, yet thorough?

If yes to any of these, please proceed with your paper. If not, make the necessary adjustments.

Related: How to structure essay paragraphs.

Final Words

You can craft creative and impressive topic sentences for an essay or paper with the examples we shared.

Use the checklist to assess if the topic sentences in your paper make sense. You will transform your writing to an entirely new level and attract the best grades.

Otherwise, if you are stuck with writing topic ideas for your outline assignment or feel like your topic sentences could be corrected, our experts will gladly help you.

EssayManiacs.com has professional writers who understand how to write perfect essays. The non-stop English writers will craft essays with sound topic sentences and turn your ideas into perfect essays. Talk to us!

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Topic Sentence in an Essay: Pillar of Your Writing

Table of contents

• 1 What Is a Topic Sentence
• 2 Characteristics of an Effective Topic Sentence
• 3.1 Interrogative
• 3.2 Reinforcement
• 3.3 Transitional
• 4.1 Understanding the Paragraph’s Main Idea
• 4.2 Keeping it Concise
• 4.3 Positioning the Topic Sentence
• 4.4 Make it Interesting but not Over-complicating
• 4.5 Better to Use Active Voice
• 4.6 Enhance with Evidence
• 4.7 Bind the Paragraph Together by Repeating Words or Phrases
• 4.8 Use Transition Words
• 5 Examples of Topic Sentences
• 6 Topic Sentences as an Integral Part of Every Paragraph
• 7.1 How to find a topic sentence?
• 7.2 How long should a topic sentence be?
• 7.3 Is the topic sentence always the first sentence?
• 7.4 Can topic sentences be questions?
• 7.5 What is the difference between a topic sentence and a thesis statement?

The structure of academic writing requires several standards to be followed to ensure the coherence of your essay. One of the techniques you should use in your writing is essay topic sentences. However, why is it necessary, and how to write a topic sentence? We will answer this and many further questions in this article. Keep reading if you want to know:

• The essence of the topic sentence and its use;
• The crucial aspects of composing a topic sentence;
• Types of topic sentences and their implementation in the text;
• How to write your topic sentence and see the examples of it.

A strong topic sentence is a guarantee to be heard by the readers! Let’s start by looking at the meaning of this term and the main purpose of topic sentence.

What Is a Topic Sentence

A topic sentence is a generalized main idea of a paragraph summarized in one phrase. This statement provides a smooth transition from one central point to the next. But do not confuse it with the thesis statement. So, let’s review the topic sentence vs thesis statement and see if there is any difference.

A thesis statement sums up the idea of your essay or thesis, but it is usually found in the introduction, presenting the main point of the whole piece. Our service is ready to help you with writing a thesis statement correctly to ensure the highest results. An effective topic sentence includes two parts: the topic and the controlling idea. Use a topic sentence to organize your formal writing. Thus, you will delimit the main ideas within the boundaries of your essay paragraphs and ensure your text is coherent. This technique also aims to interest the reader by revealing the concept of your written work.

Characteristics of an Effective Topic Sentence

Using a topic sentence is an efficient strategy that will inform a reader about the topic of its paragraph briefly. To achieve this result of idea explanation and its evolution through the following parts of the text, learn the main characteristics of effective topic sentences. Below, we listed particular features that create a perfect topic sentence formula.

A good topic sentence requires clarity and unambiguity. The reader must understand exactly what work he is about to read. Therefore, your task is to introduce the main idea of each paragraph clearly.

Always remember about the idea of your paper, and don’t add anything extraordinary. You should only include information in your topic sentences that will be presented in the supporting sentences of the body part of an essay . Thus, your text will be easy and exciting to read, regardless of the topic.

• Completeness

You are faced with the difficult task of condensing a complete main idea into just one topic sentence. It must be comprehensive, express a complete thought, contain the controlling idea, and convey the topic you presented in a particular paragraph.

The topic sentences should motivate further reading. Therefore, you should present the information in a captivating way, ensuring the reader’s interest.

Types of Topic Sentences

There are three main types of topic sentences that cover a wide range of functions. Each type is suitable for a different purpose, but they all aim to include the key information in the current paragraph and emphasize the reader’s attention to it.

Interrogative

The topic sentence is presented as a question, and the following paragraph provides the answer. Such a topic sentence will effectively attract attention, increasing interest in reading. However, be careful to give an unambiguous answer to the question posed in your topic sentence.

Topic: Fast fashion

Topic sentence: What changes are required in the organization of the fashion industry to overcome total environmental pollution?

Reinforcement

Topic sentences and supporting details can serve as a reinforcement, supporting the central idea expressed in the essay’s thesis statement. This keeps the story flowing, showing that you’re not jumping between ideas inconstantly.

Thesis statement: AI development will provide the labor market with dozens of new positions.

Topic sentence: A lot of new job opportunities will be discovered with the development of AI.

Transitional

The topic sentences can also play the role of a link, logically and smoothly connecting several paragraphs into one whole. In this way, a clear structure of academic writing is maintained, and the author can relate one central point to another.

Last sentence of the previous paragraph: The issue of the need for school uniforms has been actively discussed for many years.

Topic sentence: School uniform is necessary for the development of discipline in children.

How to Write a Good Topic Sentence

First, remember that the focus sentence is the most important sentence in a paragraph. It should not only state the paragraph’s main idea, but it should be intriguingly interesting, concise, and include a controlling idea. Experts of our writing service have prepared for you some tips on how to make a topic sentence. It’s important to consider many different factors before writing a topic sentence for an essay. Keep reading to see the most essential ones.

Understanding the Paragraph’s Main Idea

The key to writing the topic sentence is to determine the main point of the paragraph. Think about the purpose for which you wrote this fragment. What would you like the reader to remember most? In other words, if you extract all the topic sentences from your essay and compose a text from them, you will get a complete digest of all the main ideas of the thesis.

Keeping it Concise

Sometimes, it can be difficult to fit everything you want to convey to the reader into one concluding sentence. After all, everything you wrote is valuable information worthy of attention. Still, be brief when writing your topic sentence to entice the audience to continue reading the rest of the paragraph.

Positioning the Topic Sentence

The topic sentence can be written in any part of the paragraph. Most commonly, placing it in the beginning, thus you ensure a smooth transition from the previous paragraph and give readers a hint about what the upcoming piece will be about. If it’s in the middle of the text, it can describe the main idea after having revealed some crucial background details of the main idea. When you write the topic sentence at the end of the paragraph, it concludes and highlights the essential concepts of the piece.

Make it Interesting but not Over-complicating

To start with, brainstorm to point out the most creative and interesting idea for your topic sentences. For example, if you use statistics in later paragraphs, include them in the hook sentence as well, this will intrigue readers. At the same time, do not forget that due to the topic sentence structure, the size of the topic sentence is very limited, so do not try to overcomplicate it.

Better to Use Active Voice

From a grammatical and lexical point of view, it is believed that the passive voice complicates the construction of sentences. You may consider the previous sentence as an example of a topic sentence that is difficult for a reader. Your topic sentences should be brief and comprehensive yet simple to understand. Prefer active voice to make the body paragraph easier to read.

Enhance with Evidence

First of all, any essay, likewise scientific work, requires accuracy. That is why using verified statistical data and citing reliable sources makes your topic sentence and controlling idea credible and respected. Pay attention to the plausibility of data when you write academic essay papers to avoid misleading information. Topic sentences for essays should also contain precise facts, which you subsequently describe in the new paragraph.

Bind the Paragraph Together by Repeating Words or Phrases

In poetry, there is a technique called anaphora, when each line or sentence of a verse begins the same. This is often used to influence the reader’s emotions, strengthening his awareness of a certain concept of the subject. So, to reinforce your main idea and relate your paragraphs, you can also use this device in your essay writing.

Use Transition Words

Of course, without connecting words, argumentative essays will turn into a collection of words and incoherent sentences. Build a clear essay structure by combining topic sentences with the rest of the paragraph with linking words. Therefore, to make your narrative coherent and logical, you should soften the transitions. Introduce these words at the beginning: first of all, to start with, therefore, based on this, moreover, and many others to enrich your writing.

Examples of Topic Sentences

Modern technologies have helped to significantly simplify working conditions for people. For centuries, people have had to work hard to provide basic means of living. In the absence of mechanization, unfathomable amounts of effort were required to complete basic tasks. For this reason, people worked day and night for six days a week and, in some cases, without days off at all. However, our generation was much luckier. The development of artificial intelligence and the automation of most production processes at this point allow people to work more efficiently while spending less time and effort.

What we know about recycling is a drop, what we don’t know is the ocean. In recent years, there have been many environmental campaigns to explain the importance of recycling. Most developed countries invest a large share of their budget in developing environmental solutions for the most optimal recycling of waste. However, at the same time, ordinary users still know very little about the rules for sorting waste. In reality, only a very small percentage of plastic can be recycled. Few people know that only the cap of a plastic bottle is recycled.

Society is moving online, and the changes it brings to the future are difficult to ignore. Of course, we don’t know exactly what the future of our society will be, but now we can trace some trends that will lead to steady changes. The children from the youngest age know how to use gadgets and independently find information on the Internet. Friendship, relationships, study, work, and all this already exist in the electronic dimension. Sociologists are interested in the question of what the society of the future will look like and whether there will be a place for offline communication in it.

The eternal question of style: to follow or not to follow the fashion trends. There probably is no single correct answer to this question. Social media influencers are actively sharing the hottest trends in the fashion world. The main fashionistas immediately run to the store to buy the latest new items. However, one thing is obvious – trends are certainly not for everyone. Starting from different body types to color types. We are all different, and this is our uniqueness. Trends certainly cannot look complimentary to everyone.

Our inner confidence provides external attractiveness. I have seen more than once that confident people often receive more positive attention. This is due to certain biological factors since a person with leadership qualities can lead a community, and therefore, people are drawn to him/her. And yet the advantage is not only respect from others. People with high self-esteem are perceived as more physically attractive.

Topic Sentences as an Integral Part of Every Paragraph

Your creative ideas that bring scientific novelty are the key element of your academic essays. At the same time, an idea without form is just a set of concepts. Using topic sentences will help you navigate and organize your ideas in a logical flow. Furthermore, it not only provides direction and focus for a paragraph, ensuring coherence and unity, but it also guides the reader’s journey through a text.

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• Topic Sentences in Research Paper – Meaning, Parts, Importance, Procedure and Techniques

Published 16 October, 2023

The topic sentence is one of the most important sentences in a research paper. It states your main idea and sets up everything that follows. A good topic sentence will be specific, clear, and relevant to your thesis statement. This post will teach you how to write a great topic sentence for any research paper!

Meaning of topic sentence

The topic sentence is basically unique sentences that act as a guideline for both reader and writer. It provides the idea of information in the content. It is the first sentence of the paragraph. The topic sentences represent the scope and objective of the paragraph .

A topic sentence is a sentence that provides an overview of the main idea that you are developing in your paragraph or article. Organizing paragraphs with a topic sentence can help to create coherent writing and guide the reader through your paper. A good topic sentence should be clear, have a precise thesis, and not be redundant with any other statement made in your essay.

For example : If you are writing about the pollution, the pollution in Xyz town increased because of the rising population. The topic sentence for this Paragraph will be “pollution”.

Procedure for writing topic sentences

1. writing a thesis statement.

It is an initial phase in relation to drafting topic sentences.  At this stage, you are required to ensure that the thesis statement which you have designed is quite strong. It means that the thesis statement should represent the objective and argument in the research paper.

2. Designing an outline of the essay

It is a phase where you need to prepare or design the paragraph structure in research . In addition to this, you are required to develop a plan for all the facts that you will include in the paragraph. The topic sentences should be developed in relation to paragraphs.

3. Expanding with evidence

While writing the main body paragraphs of the essay you need to ensure that it flows in a logical manner that is according to the topic sentence then after that there could be an expansion in points along with the evidence supporting arguments.

4. Refinement of the topic sentence

Reviewing the topic sentences which you have designed is very much essential in order to make sure that the content of the paragraph matches with the topic sentence.

Read Also: Research Process Guide

Techniques of writing topic sentences in a research paper.

Here are some techniques which you can apply for writing topic sentences these are:

1. A design statement for presenting the idea

As the topic sentence is the first sentence in a paragraph, therefore, the sentence should clearly represent the information included in the paragraph. While drafting a topic sentence you are required to make sure that it indicates your purpose clearly.

For instance , in a paragraph, you are describing the way globalization has influence marketing activities of companies’ for that paragraph the topic sentence should be the influence of globalization on marketing.”

2. Maintain a balance between general and specific

It means that the topic sentence which you have to design should be related to the paragraph or to the thesis statement of your research paper. The thesis statement should not be too narrow or broad.

Include hooks: One of the crucial roles of the topic sentence is to develop an interest in reading in the reader. In simpler words, the main function of the topic sentence is to capture the attention of the reader.

Read Also: How to Write a Hook for Research Paper

3. Write short and sweet

You should keep the topic sentence short as it is the strategy that will help you in representing your intention clearly.

4. Provide a justifiable opinion

You can include your opinion as a topic sentence; you can do this in a situation if you are planning to include your perspective in the paragraph.

5. Utilize the topic sentence as a transition

you should select such a topic sentence that provides the reader idea about the information in the previous and next paragraphs.

Note: If in a paragraph you are making a comparison between two things then in such case you need to use such words which highlight the distinguishing.  If in a paragraph you are explaining various aspects on the similar subject then you should ensure that the topic sentence provides a summary of the existing paragraph along with new information.

Parts of topic sentences

The three important parts of the topic statement are :

• Limited topic
• Attitude, opinion, or feeling

Importance of topic sentences in a research paper

• It enables the reader to have an idea about the things which have been covered in a specific paragraph.
• It also provides readers ease in addressing the important points.
• The topic sentence in the research paper is very much essential as it supports the thesis statement.
• It also enables readers to maintain their concentration on important points.
• A topic sentence is important as it helps in clarifying the objective of writing a particular paragraph.
• An effective topic sentence enables you to avoid miscommunication and confusion.

       Read Also: Topic Selection for Research

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Topic Sentences

What is a topic sentence.

• A statement at the beginning of each body paragraph
• Indicates the topic of the entire paragraph
• In a short essay, it reflects one of the main points of the thesis statement (link to thesis statement handout)

Main Point + Details

An effective topic sentence expands on a main thesis point by including details and explanation. It has two organizational purposes:

• Relate back to the thesis statement
• Summarize the paragraph

An effective topic sentence is like a mini-thesis statement for each paragraph.

Example Thesis: Health-conscious individuals should consider substituting strawberries for desserts because strawberries are healthy , sweet , and versatile .   Topic of Body Paragraph 1: Strawberries are healthy   Topic of Body Paragraph 2: Strawberries are sweet   Topic of Body Paragraph 3: Strawberries are versatile

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 1: Strawberries are a healthy substitute for desserts because they have a much lower carbohydrate count and are rich in nutrients and fiber.  

Notice that the topic sentence includes the first main point of the thesis statement, but it expands on the idea with further details. Now the paragraph can elaborate further on these details, and it should relate back to the main argument – that strawberries can be substituted for desserts.

The second body paragraph would start with a topic sentence about the second main point: strawberries are sweet . The third body paragraph would start with a topic sentence about the third main point: strawberries are versatile .

Longer Essays

Not all papers will have a three point thesis statement. If this is the case, the topic sentence may not contain a word-for-word point stated in the thesis statement.

Example Thesis statement: The literary techniques used by Leo Tolstoy in The Death of Ivan Ilych unveil an extraordinary sense of depth within the novella that is imperative to truly understanding Tolstoy’s ideas.

Example Topic Sentence: When Leo Tolstoy employs the technique of symbolism, inanimate objects like Ivan’s golden pocket watch and the drapes on his windows convey hidden meanings that further clarify important themes in the story.

From DBU Writing Center  http://www3.dbu.edu/uwc/documents/TopicSentencesAug15.pdf

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Topic Sentence: Definition, Importance, How to Write, Tips

0  Comments

by  Antony W

June 27, 2024

This is the definitive guide on how to write a topic sentence. Whether you’ve written an essay before or you’ve started learning how to write research papers, you’ll find this guide incredibly helpful.

There’s more to research and essay writing than picking a topic, conducting your research, and presenting your findings in a well-written document. You need to understand the structure of the document well and then write every section following the established academic standards.

Taking the 5-paragraph essay structure as an example, every paragraph in the body section of the paper should have a topic sentence. The topic sentence presents your main idea for that particular paragraph. You will then follow the sentence with additional support information before concluding with a closing link that transitions a reader to the next paragraph (or idea).

Our goal with this guide is very simple.

You’ll learn everything you need to know about a topic sentence, including what it is, why it’s important, and how to write it.

Let’s get started.

What is a Topic Sentence?

A topic sentence is the first sentence of a paragraph that expresses the overall theme of the work. It must include enough detail to allow for various subtopics and illustrations without becoming so wide that the point that it makes writing unclear.

Topic sentences direct the reader by introducing the rest of the paragraph’s subject. In addition to having a close relation to the overall theme of the work, a topic sentence provides the specific issue that is the emphasis of a paragraph.

Note that a topic sentence is different from a thesis statement. 

A thesis statement is a sentence that conveys the main point of a piece of writing repeatedly. An essay’s thesis statement comes after the hook and/or topic sentence in the first paragraph to make a point you will back by examples throughout the essay.

A topic sentence, on the other hand, is the sentence you use to back up the thesis by introducing ideas in every supporting paragraph.

Why is a Topic Sentence Important?

A topic sentence is important because is serve to introduce a paragraph and connect it to the essay’s thesis statement. Each topic sentence contains two components: a topic (the subject of the paragraph) and a controlling idea (the direction the paragraph will take). Consider the following examples of topic sentences in which the topic is bolded and the controlling idea is italicized.

How to Write a Topic Sentence

The following are the steps for writing the sentence:

• Identify the primary point of your writing. Consider the overall subject of your writing. Determine how you can engage your readers with an intriguing opening sentence.
• Include the “what” and the “why” in a sentence that connects to your main idea. This will help a reader to understand how your main idea relates to the main point.
• Compose an opening sentence for your piece of writing that utilizes the “what” and “why” structure to introduce the work’s central point. Place this sentence immediately before your thesis statement to serve as an introduction to both the thesis and the central idea of your essay.
• Create a sentence that begins each supporting paragraph by introducing the section’s new topic and reintroducing readers to the piece’s central idea. Maintain the “what” and “why” structure as you construct new topic sentences for each paragraph.

Tips to Help You Write a Topic Sentence

The following tips will help you write topic sentences for your essays better – and in the shortest time possible.

1. Make Sure Your Topic Sentence Isn’t Ambiguous

You require a sentence that contains some specifics, but it should pique your reader’s interest with an opinion that isn’t vague by any means. A vague sentence makes it more difficult to write a paragraph that clearly supports your points.

2. Select a Reasonable Point of View

While your topic sentence should succinctly summarize the point you’re making in the paragraph, you want to choose a reasonable opinion that you can easily support with facts and statistics.

3. Use Your Topic Sentence as a Transition & Be Concise

Along with conveying the purpose of the following paragraph to the reader, your topic sentence should act as a transition from the previous paragraph. Without a transition, the essay can feel disjointed and choppy.

You also have to make your topic sentence concise.

Remember, a lengthy, drawn-out sentence increases the likelihood of losing your reader. Oftentimes, it’s difficult to discern the point of a sentence that runs on for an extended period. You want a concise, clear sentence that captivates the reader but also leaves room for you to elaborate on it in the subsequent paragraph.

4. Start Writing Your Essay Early

If your teacher assigns you an essay or informs you that an essay test is approaching, do not wait until the day before to begin preparing. You must plan or study, and you must allow yourself time to do so. If you are aware that it will take you some time to write something, begin planning it as soon as you receive the assignment.

This may be the most critical obstacle to avoid. If you find yourself in over your head while writing, never be afraid to seek assistance. Consult a friend or your teacher for assistance in revising the essay.

5. Create an Outline for the Work

Along with planning, ensure that your outline is well written and planned. It will act as a guide for you as you write the essay. Without it, you risk writing an essay that is disorganized and does not clearly illustrate your point.

6. Use New Information

Instead of an obvious statement, create a sentence that provides readers with something to consider (something everybody knows). When you write a topic sentence, you should present the information in a way that is not merely factual.

Final Thoughts

Topic sentences are critical components of papers and essays because they bolster the central thesis. A strong topic sentence functions as a mini-thesis, bolstering the main thesis while maintaining the paragraph’s subject clear to the reader.

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

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Topic Sentence Definition

Topic sentences are special sentences that serve as guideposts to the writer and reader; they help shape the essay and move it along from idea to idea.

If you have already gathered information and developed some support for a thesis, you may find that your support falls into groups or categories. A rule of thumb is that you can develop a topic sentence for each category to help shape that information and to cue your reading audience in to a change in supporting idea.

For example, let's say that the following sentence is your working thesis:

Adult students returning to college face time, study, emotional, and family problems.

You developed that thesis because you had groups of information on time, study, emotional, and family problems. As you're shaping the essay, then, you could develop these topic sentences to help shape information and direct your reading audience to a change in support:

• Adult students returning to college face time problems because they have to juggle work, family, and school.
• Adult students returning to college face study problems because they often have to re-learn study skills, after not having used them for ten years or more.
• Adult students face family problems when they change family roles and structures as a result of carving out time for themselves.
• Adult students also face emotional problems when they question their ability to succeed.

An important point: A topic sentence essentially extracts the various ideas embedded in the thesis and creates a "mini-thesis" for each of those ideas. Each of the sample topic sentences above has a topic (adult students returning to college--the same as the topic in the thesis) and an angle (which differs depending on the idea but which extracts one idea from the thesis). Topic sentences help you break down the ideas in the thesis and present them one by one, each in its turn, so that you create a logical shape (a conceptual structure) for the ideas in the essay.

One way to create topic sentences is to identify the implied question in the thesis; the topic sentences will have to answer that question directly.

• If it's a "why?" question, then you know that each topic sentence will have to provide another reason why.
• If it's a "what?" question, then you know that each topic sentence will have to provide another characteristic of something.
• If it's a "how?" question, then you know that each topic sentence will have to offer another step or stage of something.

For example:

Thesis: Adult students should not fear returning to college. (a "why?" question is implied)

Topic Sentence: Adults shouldn't fear returning to college because they have organizational skills that help them in school.

Topic Sentence: Statistics show that adults generally are more successful than younger college students, despite the obstacles they face.

Topic Sentence: Adults are usually successful, and therefore shouldn't fear returning to college, because they generally value learning, which makes them work harder and become more successful learners.

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