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HSTORY T2 Gr. 12 Black Consciousness Essay

Grade 12: The Challenge of Black Consciousness to the Apartheid State (Essay) PPT

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HISTORY PAPER 2 GRADE 12 QUESTIONS - NSC EXAMS PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS MAY/JUNE 2021

HISTORY PAPER 2 GRADE 12 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS MAY/JUNE 2021

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

• This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B based on the prescribed content framework in the CAPS document. SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS QUESTION 1: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA QUESTION 2: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST QUESTION 3: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD ORDER, 1989 TO THE PRESENT SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS QUESTION 4: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA: THE CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s QUESTION 5: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST QUESTION 6: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD ORDER: THE EVENTS OF 1989
• SECTION A consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material that is required to answer these questions can be found in the ADDENDUM.
• SECTION B consists of THREE essay questions.
• Answer THREE questions as follows: 4.1 At least ONE must be a source-based question and at least ONE must be an essay question. 4.2 The THIRD question can be either a source-based question or an essay question.
• You are advised to spend ONE hour per question.
• When answering questions, candidates should apply their knowledge, skills and insight.
• You will be disadvantaged by merely rewriting the sources as answers.
• Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.
• Write neatly and legibly.

SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this SECTION. Source material to be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. QUESTION 1: WHAT WERE THE RESPONSES TO THE COMPULSORY INTRODUCTION OF AFRIKAANS AS A MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION IN BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN SCHOOLS IN 1976? Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow. 1.1 Refer to Source 1A. 1.1.1 What, according to the source, caused the 1976 Soweto Uprising? (1 x 1)(1) 1.1.2 Quote any TWO school boards from the source that comprised (made up) the Tswana School Board. (2 x 1)(2) 1.1.3 Explain to what extent you agree with the circuit inspector's justification that all subjects in black South African schools should be taught 'on a 50-50 basis'. (2 x 2)(4) 1.1.4 Comment on the School Board's response to the introduction of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction. (2 x 2) 1.2 Read Source 1B. 1.2.1 Name TWO organisations in the source that influenced the Soweto Uprising. (2 x 1)(2) 1.2.2 Explain why the SASM rejected the use of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction in black South African schools. (2 x 2)(4) 1.2.3 Define the term boycott in the context of the Soweto Uprising. (1 x 2)(2) 1.2.4 Comment on the usefulness of this source for a historian studying the causes of the 1976 Soweto Uprising. (2 x 2) 1.3 Study Source 1C. 1.3.1 Name TWO schools in the source where a massive crowd gathered. (2 x 1)(2) (2) 1.3.2 Write down any TWO slogans from the source that the students who gathered on Vilikazi Street chanted. (2 x 1)(2) (2) 1.3.3 Explain how the statement made by the black police officer contradicts (goes against) the action taken by the white police officer in the context of the events that unfolded in Soweto on 16 June 1976. (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.4 Identify any THREE places mentioned in the source where students sought refuge after the police opened fire. (3 x 1) (3) 1.4 Use Source 1D. 1.4.1 Explain why you think the editor of The World newspaper decided to publish this article on the front page. (1 x 2)(2) (2) 1.4.2 What message do the words, 'POLICE GUN DOWN OUR CHILDREN', convey in reference to the Soweto Uprising? (1 x 2)(2) (2) 1.5 Study Sources 1C and 1D. Explain how the information in Source 1C supports the evidence in Source 1D regarding how the apartheid police responded to students in Soweto on 16 June 1976. (2 x 2) (4) 1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining the responses to the introduction of Afrikaans as a compulsory medium of instruction in black South African schools in 1976. (8) [50]

QUESTION 2: HOW DID THE TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION (TRC) DEAL WITH THE MURDER OF POLITICAL ACTIVISTS SUCH AS LENNY NAIDU? Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D and answer the questions that follow. 2.1 Refer to Source 2A. 2.1.1 Why, according to Nelson Mandela, was there a need to establish the TRC? (2 x 1)(2) (2) 2.1.2 Define the term reconciliation in the context of the TRC. (1 x 2) (2) 2.1.3 Explain why you think De Klerk claimed that the TRC would result in a 'witch hunt'. (1 x 2) (2) 2.1.4 List THREE human rights violations in the source that the TRC had to investigate. (3 x 1) (3) 2.1.5 Explain to what extent you agree with the TRC's decision to investigate human rights violations that were committed by both the liberation movement and the apartheid regime. (2 x 2) (4) 2.2 Consult Source 2B. 2.2.1 Quote evidence from the source that states when and where Lenny Naidu was killed. (2 x 1) (2) 2.2.2 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, comment on why Leslie Naidu used the words 'truth' and 'justice' several times during his testimony. (2 x 2) (4) 2.2.3 Explain why you would regard this source as useful when researching how the TRC undertook the process of hearing the testimonies of victims. (2 x 2) (4) 2.3 Use Source 2C. 2.3.1 Name any THREE MK operatives in the source that were ambushed by the security branch policemen in Mpumalanga on 8 June 1988. (3 x 1) (3) 2.3.2 Why, according to the source, did De Kock decide to ambush the MK operatives? (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.3 Comment on why you think De Kock 'planted a Makarov pistol on the body of Lenny Naidu and a hand grenade in one of the bags of the women'. (2 x 2) (4) 2.4 Refer to Sources 2B and 2C. Explain how the evidence in Source 2B supports the information in Source 2C regarding the murder of Lenny Naidu. (2 x 2) (4) 2.5 Study Source 2D. 2.5.1 Explain the messages that are conveyed in the cartoon. Use the visual clues in the source to support your answer. (2 x 2)(4) 2.5.2 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, comment on why Tutu asks De Kock if he has 'LISTED THE CRIMES FOR WHICH YOU'LL BE APPLYING FOR AMNESTY'. (1 x 2)(2)  2.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how the Truth and Reconciliation Commission dealt with the murder of political activists such as Lenny Naidu. (8) [50]

QUESTION 3: WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT VIEWS REGARDING THE IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES? Study Sources 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D and answer the questions that follow. 3.1 Refer to Source 3A. 3.1.1 Quote TWO pieces of evidence from the source that state that globalisation has helped developing countries. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.2 Which TWO institutions, according to the source, encouraged developing countries to make radical changes? (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain how India and China were able to decrease poverty levels in their respective countries. (2 x 2) (4) 3.1.4 Define the term globalisation in your own words. (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Use Source 3B. 3.2.1 Name TWO outcomes that trade protection had on developing countries, as stated in the source. (2 x 1)(2) 3.2.2 Explain the impact that trade reforms had on the economies of India and Columbia. (2 x 2)(4) 3.2.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why poorer countries were not opposed to globalisation. (2 x 2)(4) 3.3 Study Sources 3A and 3B. Explain how the information in Source 3A supports the evidence in Source 3B regarding the influence that globalisation had on developing countries. (2 x 2) (4) 3.4 Consult Source 3C. 3.4.1 What, according to Pravin Gordhan, was one of the major drivers of inequality in South Africa? (1 x 1)(1) 3.4.2 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why you would regard this source as useful when researching the effects that globalisation had on developing countries. (2 x 2)(4) 3.4.3 Explain what you think Gordhan implied by the statement, 'globalisation has actually resulted in winners and losers' in the South African context. (2 x 2)(4) 3.4.4 Why, according to Gordhan, was the term 'radical economic transformation' often misrepresented? (1 x 2) 3.5 Study Source 3D. 3.5.1 Identify the country in the graph that shows the following:

• The greatest inequality gap (1 x 1)(1)
• The smallest inequality gap (1 x 1)(1)

3.5.2 According to the source, what is South Africa's score (%) on the Gini index? (1 x 1)(1) 3.5.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain the various factors that you think contributed to the economic gap in developing countries. (2 x 2)(4) 3.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining the impact that globalisation had on developing countries. (8) [50]

SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section. Your essay should be about THREE pages long.

QUESTION 4: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA: THE CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s The call for sanctions by the anti-apartheid movements was the only form of international protest that significantly contributed to the eventual downfall of the apartheid regime in the 1980s. Do you agree with the statement? Support your line of argument with relevant evidence. [50]

QUESTION 5: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST The 30th anniversary of the unconditional release of Nelson Mandela from Victor Verster Prison was commemorated in 2020. He believed that 'negotiations and not war were the key ingredients' for the establishment of a democratic South Africa. Critically discuss this statement. Use relevant evidence from 1990 to 1994 to support your line of argument. [50]

QUESTION 6: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD ORDER: THE EVENTS OF 1989 Explain to what extent the demise (downfall) of communism in the Soviet Union was largely responsible for political changes that occurred in South Africa after 1989. Support your line of argument with relevant evidence. [50] TOTAL: 150

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• Written Essays

How to write source-based history essays

The biggest assessment task you will be required to complete is a written research essay which develops an argument and uses a range of sources.

All types of assessment tasks will need you to use essay-writing skills in some form, but their fundamental structure and purpose remains the same.

Therefore, learning how to write essays well is central to achieving high marks in History.

What is an 'essay'?

A History essay is a structured argument that provides historical evidence to substantiate its points. 

To achieve the correct structure for your argument, it is crucial to understand the separate parts that make up a written essay. 

If you understand how each part works and fits into the overall essay, you are well on the way to creating a great assessment piece.

Most essays will require you to write:

• 1 Introduction Paragraph
• 3 Body Paragraphs
• 1 Concluding Paragraph

Explanations for how to structure and write each of these paragraphs can be found below, along with examples of each: 

Essay paragraph writing advice

How to write an Introductory Paragraph

This page explains the purpose of an introduction, how to structure one and provides examples for you to read.

How to write Body Paragraphs

This page explains the purpose of body paragraphs, how to structure them and provides examples for you to read.

How to write a Conclusion

This page explains the purpose of conclusions, how to structure them and provides examples for you to read.

More essay resources

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History Grade 12 NSC Paper 1 and Paper 2 Exam Topics and Structure Guide Syllabus

On this page you will find History Grade 12 NSC Paper 1 and Paper 2 Exam Topics and Structure Guide from the CAPS syllabus.

History is the study of change and development in society over time. The study of history enables us to understand how past human action affects the present and influences our future, and it allows us to evaluate these effects. So, history is about learning how to think about the past, which affects the present, in a disciplined way. History is a process of enquiry. Therefore, it is about asking questions of the past: What happened? When did it happen? Why did it happen then? What were the short-term and long-term results? It involves thinking critically about the stories people tell us about the past, as well as the stories that we tell ourselves.

History Grade 12 NSC Exam StructurePaper 1 and Paper 2

This examination includes two papers; each paper has six questions: three source-based questions (one set on each topic) and three essay questions (one set on each topic). Candidates must answer three questions: one source-based question, one essay question, and one other question in each paper. Candidates may answer an essay and a source-based question on the same topic.

Allocation of content per question paper

The mark allocation is 50 marks per question, with a total of 150 marks per paper.

Paper 1 Topics: Source-based Questions

• The Cold War : How did the Cold War period shape international relations after the Second World War? Question focus: Origins, Cold War in Europe and the Cuban crisis
• Independent Africa : How was independence realised in Africa in the 1960s and 1970s? Question focus: Africa in the Cold War
• Civil society protests, 1950s to 1970s : What forms of civil society protest emerged from the 1960s to 1990? Question focus: Civil rights and Black Power movements

Paper 2 Topics: Essay Questions

• The Cold War : How did the Cold War period shape international relations after the Second World War? Question focus: China and Vietnam (candidates to choose one)
• Independent Africa : How was independence realised in Africa in the 1960s and 1970s? Question focus: Successes and challenges faced by the Congo and Tanzania
• Civil society protests from the 1950s to the 1970s : What forms of civil society protest emerged from the 1960s to 1990? Question focus: Civil rights and Black Power movements

Looking for something specific?

History Essay Examples

Top History Essay Examples To Get Inspired By

Published on: May 4, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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History essays are a crucial component of many academic programs, helping students to develop their critical thinking, research, and writing skills. 

However, writing a great history essay is not always easy, especially when you are struggling to find the right approach. This is where history essay examples come in handy. 

By reading and examining samples of successful history essays, you can gain inspiration, learn new ways to approach your topic. Moreover, you can develop a better understanding of what makes a great history essay.

In this blog, you will find a range of history essay examples that showcase the best practices in history essay writing. 

Read on to find useful examples.

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Sample History Essays

Explore our collection of excellent history paper examples about various topics. Download the pdf examples for free and read to get inspiration for your own essay.

History Essay Samples for Middle School

The Impact of Ancient Civilizations on Modern Society

The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire

The Causes and Consequences of the American Revolution

History Writing Samples for High School Students

The Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Society

Grade 10 History Essay Example: World War 1 Causes and Effects

Grade 12 History Essay Example: The Impact of Technology on World War II

Ancient History Essay Examples

The Societal and Political Structures of the Maya Civilization

The Role of Phoenicians in the Development of Ancient Mediterranean World

The Contributions of the Indus Civilization

Medieval History Essay Examples

The Crusades Motivations and Consequences

The Beginning of Islamic Golden Age

The Black Death

Modern History Essay Examples

The Suez Crisis and the End of British Dominance

The Rise of China as an Economic Powerhouse

World History Essay Examples

The Role of the Silk Road in Shaping Global Trade and Culture

The Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Empire

The Legacy of Ancient Greek Philosophy and Thought

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American History Essay Examples

The Civil Rights Movement and its Impact on American Society

The American Civil War and its Aftermath

The Role of Women in American Society Throughout History

African History Essay Examples

The Impact of Colonialism on African Societies

The Rise and Fall of the Mali Empire

European History Essay Examples

The Protestant Reformation and the Rise of Protestantism in Europe

The French Revolution and its Impact on European Politics and Society

The Cold War and the Division of Europe

Argumentative History Essay Examples

Was the US Civil War Primarily About Slavery or States

The Effects of British Colonization on Colonies

Art History Essay Examples 

The Influence of Greek and Roman Art on Neoclassicism

The Depiction of Women in Art Throughout History

The Role of Art in the Propaganda of Fascist Regimes

How to Use History Essay Examples

History essay examples are a valuable tool for students looking for inspiration and guidance on how to approach their own essays. 

By analyzing successful essays, you can learn effective writing techniques that can be expected in a high-quality history essay. 

Here are some tips that will help you take full advantage of the samples above.

Tips for Effectively Using History Essay Examples

• Analyze the Structure:

Pay close attention to how the essay is organized, including the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Look for how the author transitions between paragraphs and the use of evidence to support their argument.

• Study the Thesis Statement:

The thesis statement is the backbone of any successful history essay. Analyze how the author crafted their thesis statement, and consider how you can apply this to your own writing.

• Take Note of the Evidence: 

Effective history essays rely on using strong evidence to support their arguments. Take note of the sources and types of evidence used in the essay. Consider how you can apply similar evidence to support your own arguments.

• Pay Attention to the Formatting and Other Academic Formalities:

The sample essays also demonstrate how you can incorporate academic formalities and standards while keeping the essay engaging. See how these essays fulfill academic standards and try to follow them in your own writing.

• Practice Writing:

While analyzing history essay examples can be helpful, it is important to also practice writing your own essays. Use the examples as inspiration, but try to craft your own unique approach to your topic. 

History essays are an essential aspect of learning and understanding the past. By using history essay examples, students can gain inspiration on how to develop their history essays effectively. 

Furthermore, following the tips outlined in this blog, students can effectively analyze these essay samples and learn from them. 

However, writing a history essay can still be challenging. 

Looking for an online essay writing service that specializes in history essays? Look no further!

Our history essay writing service is your go-to source for well-researched and expertly crafted papers.

And for an extra edge in your academic journey, explore our AI essay writing tool . Make history with your grades by choosing our online essay writing service and harnessing the potential of our AI essay writing tool.

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