medical research funding agencies in india

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List of Research Funding Agencies in India

Departments and Ministries for STEM Research in India

The list of Research Funding Agencies in India pertaining to Engineering, Science, and Technology functioning under the Government of India is presented in this article by iLovePhD .

1. Department of Science and Technology (DST)

The Department of Science & Technology (DST) plays a pivotal role in promoting science & technology in India. The department covers a broad spectrum of activities, from advanced research and technology development to meeting the practical needs of the general public through skill and technology enhancement.

2. Department of Biotechnology (DBT)

The Indian Department of Biotechnology, under the Ministry of Science and Technology, oversees the development and commercialization of modern biology and biotechnology in the country.

3. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

The Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), known for its cutting edge R&D knowledge base in diverse S&T areas, is a contemporary R&D organization.

CSIR has a dynamic network of 37 national laboratories, 39 outreach centers, 3 Innovation Complexes, and five units with a pan-India presence.

CSIR’s R&D expertise and experience are embodied in about 3460 active scientists supported by about 4350 scientific and technical personnel as of June 2021.

Also, CSIR covers a wide spectrum of science and technology – from oceanography, geophysics, chemicals, drugs, genomics, biotechnology, and nanotechnology to mining, aeronautics, instrumentation, environmental engineering, and information technology.

4. Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES)

The Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), under the Government of India, is mandated to provide services for weather, climate, ocean and coastal state, hydrology, seismology, and natural hazards; to explore and harness marine living and non-living resources in a sustainable manner for the country and to explore the three poles of the Earth (the Arctic, Antarctic, and the Himalayas).

5. Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)

The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) came into being on August 3, 1954, under the direct charge of the Prime Minister through a Presidential Order. According to the Resolution constituting the AEC, the Secretary to the Government of India in the Department of Atomic Energy is ex-officio Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission.  

DAE has been engaged in the development of nuclear power technology, and applications of radiation technologies in the fields of agriculture, medicine, industry, and basic research.

6. Department of Space (DoS)

The Department of Space (DOS) has the primary objective of promoting the development and application of space science and technology to assist in the all-around development of the nation. Towards this, DOS has evolved the following programs:

1. Launch Vehicle program having the indigenous capability for launching spacecraft.

2. INSAT Programme for telecommunications, broadcasting, meteorology, development of education, etc.

3. Remote Sensing Programme for application of satellite imagery for various developmental purposes.

4. Research and Development in Space Sciences and Technology for serving the end of applying them for national development.

7. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous organization under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. Formerly known as the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research,

8. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), based in New Delhi, is a global leader in biomedical research. It has evolved to meet the challenges of advancing science and addressing the nation’s health issues, though it recognizes there is more to achieve.

9. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)

M3itY’s mission includes promoting e-governance, fostering Electronics, IT & ITeS industries, advancing Internet Governance, developing human resources, boosting R&D and innovation, improving digital services, and ensuring cyberspace security for inclusive and sustainable growth.

10. Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEF & CC)

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) plays a central role within the Indian government’s administrative framework. It is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the execution of India’s environmental and forestry policies and programs.

The Ministry also acts as the main liaison for international organizations like UNEP, SACEP, ICIMOD, and UNCED, and deals with multilateral bodies like CSD, GEF, ESCAP, and SAARC on environmental matters.

11. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is a ministry of the Government of India, headed by current Union Cabinet Minister Raj Kumar Singh, that is mainly responsible for research and development.

12. Ministry of Education (MoE)

The Ministry of Education (MoE) was created on September 26, 1985, through the 174th amendment to the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961. Currently, the MoE works through two departments:

• Department of School Education & Literacy
• Department of Higher Education

The Department of School Education & Literacy focuses on school education, while the Department of Higher Education oversees one of the world’s largest higher education systems, ranking third globally after the United States and China.

13. Technology Development Board (TDB)

The TDB offers financial aid to Indian industries and organizations involved in developing and applying native or adapted technology.

The objectives are to:

• promote new ideas from small enterprises even at the risk of failure;
• encourage the production of competitive consumer products;
• motivate industries and R&D institutions for product innovation;
• develop socially relevant and profitable technologies;
• identify and act in areas requiring strategic interventions;
• Invest in core Technological Strengths to Enable India Industry to Stand-up to the competitive Pressure and Become a Global Player.

14. Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)

SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH BOARD (SERB) is the premier national research funding agency, that raises the quality and footprint of Indian science and engineering to the highest global levels in an accelerated mode, through calibrated support for research and development.

Research Funding Agencies in India with Contact Information and Website Link

Funding Agency List and PDF to Download

Research Funding Agencies in India

Important Website Links for Funding Agencies in India

These organizations cover various fields of research and provide funding support to researchers across the country. When seeking funding opportunities, it’s essential to thoroughly review each organization’s guidelines and requirements to ensure your research aligns with their objectives.

Hope this article will help you to know the List of Research Funding Agencies in India that provide various research grants.

Indian Funding Agencies PDF Download:

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Funding opportunities for higher learning, medical and nursing research in India: An overview

Ranjana verma.

1 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Uma Phalswal

2 Nursing Officer, AIIMS Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Nassema Shafquat

Jisa george.

Medical research is an important aspect of medical education and is required to maintain quality. Funding can assist a researcher in doing extensive research in a certain area by boosting study variables, sample size and use of sophisticated state-of-the-art equipments. India’s funding for health research is limited, and only a small percentage of that is used for public health research. Many health professionals have a lot of great ideas for health-related research but do not know where to start looking for financing. A review was created to help medical and nursing professionals to find the correct funding source for their research. There are many governments’ organisations in India, which provide funds for research, grants and higher learning research fellowships. We tried to give an overview of some organisations with their benefits. This review includes the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India Alliance, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Department of Health Research (DHR), Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI), and the Nursing Research Society of India (NRSI). This review makes aware health professionals to the funding agency as well as the time of funding and fellowship application.

Introduction

Researches in the health care system are an invisible driving force to uplift the standard and quality of health care. Primary health care workers are the frontier of medical health issues as they are the ones who first encounter many of the researchable problems and if these professionals are capable of conducting a fruitful research, then a good pool of evidence-based solutions to these problems could be generated but due to lack of interest, knowledge and foremost resources, they are not able to do the good research.[ 1 , 2 ]

Primary care is the soul of the health care system in India as more than 50% of the population are living in rural areas; hence, it is the urgent need of primary health professionals to do evidence-based practices to uplift the standard of health delivery. In the primary health sector, it is necessary for health care personnel to constantly question their practice and reduce complacency in which good research findings allow them to progress and improve in patient care and provide a better translator of evidence.[ 3 ]

Family medicine has a well-developed clinical infrastructure with high productivity, with the second-highest number of practitioners and the highest number of health care contacts. Yet, family medicine has failed to establish a research foundation since its founding. After four decades, the speciality has yet to attain a high degree of research infrastructure, participation, financing, output or legitimacy. According to the family of family medicine organisations, research is essential to the speciality of family medicine; all family physicians play a role in developing new information and increasing research capability.[ 4 ]

Many factors influence the research results, including the study design, variables measured and financing opportunities.[ 5 ] Funding can assist a researcher in doing extensive research in a certain area by boosting study variables, sample size and the use of sophisticated state-of-the-art equipment, all of which improve the reliability and validity of the data and outcomes acquired.[ 5 ]According to estimates, India’s funding for health research is limited, and only a small percentage of that is used for public health research.[ 6 ] Because the effective use of available money has a substantial impact on project outcomes, it is critical that today’s researchers are well-informed about current funding opportunities.[ 7 ]

Many professionals in the medical and nursing fields have an extensive understanding of research and health science, but this knowledge is not benefitting society owing to a lack of awareness regarding financing sources. Whereas, they have a lot of great ideas for health-related research but do not know where to start looking for financing; therefore, this review was created to help them find the correct funding source for their research. Another issue is learning about all the funding agencies from a single source is difficult. Furthermore, there are only a few publications in India that provide information about funding agencies and institutions of higher learning for health research. As a result, we combed through the numerous funding options for health-care research in India and compiled a list of research programmes offered by major funding agencies.

The purpose of this overview is to provide accurate information regarding funding agencies for higher education and health-related research on a single paper.

Research Funding Agencies

[1] Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) ( http://www.icmr.nic.in/ ):[ 8 ]

The ICMR, New Delhi, is India’s apex body for biomedical research formulation, coordination and promotion. The Indian government funds the ICMR through the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare’s Department of Health Research. MD/MS/DM/MCh and MDS thesis and postdoctoral fellows are supported by the ICMR.[ 9 ] Every year, the ICMR awards 50 postdoctoral fellowships to researchers working in ICMR institutes and centres with cutting-edge research and development facilities.[ 10 ] The ICMR funds the Short-Term Studentship Programme for undergraduate MBBS/BDS students to give them the opportunity to master research methods and methodologies.[ 11 ]

[1.1] Junior Research Fellowships (JRFs): The ICMR conducts a national level examination for candidates with a postgraduate degree (MSc/MA) in basic science or a postgraduate degree (MSc/MA) in a professional course with a maximum age limit of 28 years.

[1.2] Senior Research Fellowships (SRFs): SRFs enable bright young men and women to pursue research and training that will invariably lead to a PhD or MD, etc., Master’s degree candidates with 2 years of research experience are eligible with a 35-year age limit.

[1.3] Extramural Research Programme: Under its extramural research programme, the ICMR provides financial assistance to promote research work in the fields of medicine, public health and allied areas.[ 12 , 13 ]

Types of extramural research programmes

• Short-duration, low-cost proposals
• Ad-hoc project - Investor defined
• Project Goal: Solve a pre-defined problem (centrally identified)
• Cohort research
• National Registry
• Centres of Advanced Research (CAR)
• Capacity building/support for sustained, high-quality research.

[1.4] Research Associateship (RA): RAs are awarded to encourage young researchers who already have high-quality published work to pursue post-doctoral fellowships (PDFs) in biomedicine on specific research programmes. Candidates who have a doctorate degree in medicine with a 40-year age limit are eligible.

[1.5] Emeritus Scientist Scheme : The Council offers the position of Emeritus Scientist to retired medical scientists and teachers for them to continue or begin research on specific biomedical topics. The application is open at any time, and the ICMR Emeritus Scientist (IES) Selection Committee will meet twice a year, in January and July.

[2] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO): ( www.drdo.gov.in/ ) [ 14 , 15 ]:

DRDO is the research and development (R&D) arm of the Ministry of Defence, Government of India, with the goal of empowering India. The DRDO is now a network of more than 50 laboratories dedicated to the development of defence technology in a number of sectors including aeronautics, weaponry, combat engineering, electronics, life sciences, materials and naval systems.

[2.1] JRF: The candidate should have a graduate degree in engineering and technology, postgraduate research degree in science or postgraduate degree in Fellow Psychology; first division or (JRF) equivalent grading is awarded.

• The age limit is 28 years.
• The emolument (per month) is Rs. 16000/-+HRA

[2.2] SRF : The candidate should have a degree in medical science (MBBS), dental science/research surgery (BDS) or postgraduate in engineering and technology; first division, both at the graduate and SRF postgaduate levels, wherever division or equivalent grading is awarded.

• The age limit is 32 years.
• The emolument (per month) is Rs. 18000/-+HRA

[2.3] RA: PhD in science subjects, or MD/MS in medical science, research or MTech/ME with 2 years experience in research, associate teaching, design and development. Wherever division or equivalent grading is awarded, the degree should be in (RA) first division.

• The age limit is 30 years.
• The emoluments (per month) is Rs. 24000/-+HRA

[3] Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) [ 16 ] ( http://www.serb.gov.in ):

The SERB was established in 2008 with the mission of promoting basic research in science and engineering and matching the best global practises in the areas of basic research promotion and funding.

[3.1] Core Research Grant (CRG) (Individual Centric) [ 17 ] : The scheme offers active researchers with core research funding to conduct research and development in science and engineering frontier areas. The CRG scheme can benefit a single researcher or a group of researchers working at a recognised academic institution, national laboratory or other recognised R&D institution in India. The financing is usually offered over a 3-year term. The announcement of the call for applications will be made on the websites ‘ www.serbonline.in ’ and ‘ www.serb.gov.in ’.

[3.2] Start-up Research Grant (SRG) [ 18 ]: The SRG is a one-time research grant designed to help researchers get started in a new institution. It is a 2-year grant designed to help scientists and engineers working on the cutting edge of science and engineering establish themselves before moving on to a mainstream CRG. The applicant’s track record and the proposed research plan would be used as selection criteria. For a period of 2 years, a research grant of Rs. 30 lakhs plus overheads would be provided.

[3.3] Scientific and Useful Profound Research Advancement (SUPRA) [ 19 ] : SUPRA is a programme that rewards high-quality ideas that include a novel premise, innovative solutions, new domains and concepts. The applicant must have completed at least 5 years of regular academic or research experience in an Indian academic institution, national laboratory or other recognised R&D institution.

[3.4] J C Bose National Fellowship: The fellowship will cover all areas of science (in the broadest sense). Nominations can be sent by the heads of the institutions, and nominations are accepted online only throughout the year ( www.serbonline.in ).

[3.5] Ramanujan Fellowship: The scheme assists active researchers/scientists/engineers who want to return to India from abroad and contribute to the country’s efforts. The Ramanujan Fellowship accepts nominations at any time during the year.

[3.6] National Post-Doctoral Fellowship: This fellowship was created with the aim of identifying and supporting motivated young researchers to conduct research in frontier areas of science and engineering. The fellows will be supervised by a mentor, and it is hoped that this training will provide them with a foundation for future independent research. The fellowship is purely temporary and is initially available for a period of 2 years.

[3.7] Early Career Research Award: The Early Career Research Award programme aims to provide immediate research support to young researchers in their early careers in frontier areas of science and engineering. It is a one-time award that includes a research grant of up to Rs. 50 lakhs (excluding overheads) for a 3-year period.

[3.8] SERB Women Excellence Award: [ 20 ] The SERB Women Excellence Award is a one-time award given to female scientists under the age of 40 who have received recognition such as the Young Scientist Medal, Young Associate and so on. These female researchers will receive a research grant of Rs. 5.00 lakhs per year for the next 3 years.

[3.9] SERB-POWER: [ 21 ] ( Promoting Opportunities for Women in Exploratory Research): This programme is designed to reduce gender disparities and in order to ensure equal access and weighted opportunities for Indian women scientists engaged in research and development activities.

SERB empowers females in two areas:

• SERB – POWER fellowship
• SERB – POWER research grants.

Women scientists are not permitted to hold both a POWER fellowship and a POWER grant at the same time.

[4] Department of Science and Technology (DST) ( https://dst.gov.in ):[ 22 ]

The DST was established in May 1971 with the goal of promoting new areas of science and technology (S&T) and serving as a nodal department for organising, coordinating and promoting S&T activities throughout the country.

[4.1] Women Scientist Programme: [ 23 ] The scheme is intended to encourage women in the S&T domain, preferably those who have taken a career break and are not currently employed, to consider re-entering the profession.

For Indian citizens, the following three categories of fellowships with research grants are available:

• Women Scientist Scheme-A (WOS-A): Research in basic/applied science
• Women Scientist Scheme-B (WOS-B): S&T interventions for societal benefit
• Women Scientist Scheme-C (WOS-C): Internship in Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) for the self-employment

[4.2] Innovation of Science Pursuit for Inspire Research (INSPIRE): [ 24 , 25 ] The DST has developed an innovative strategy to encourage young people to pursue careers in science. Every year, INSPIRE Fellowship awards fellowships to researchers between the ages of 22 and 27 to pursue doctoral degrees in both basic and applied sciences, while INSPIRE Faculty Scheme awards postdoctoral fellowships to scholars between the ages of 27 and 32.

[4.3] Science and Technology of Yoga and Meditation (SATYAM): [ 26 ] It supports ideas that take an integrative approach to neuroscience, medicine and psychology in order to conduct a thorough study of yoga and meditation.

[5] Department of Biotechnology (DBT) ( https://www.dbtindia.gov.in ):[ 27 , 28 ]

DBT’s mandate is to promote and support biotechnology development in India. Basic research, medical biotechnology, agriculture technology, food and nutrition, bioresources, environment and bioenergy, animal biotechnology, aquaculture and marine biotechnology, bioinformatics, international collaborations and human resource development are some of the topics covered by the DBT.

[5.1] JRF: The department offers fellowships to biotechnology students who want to pursue doctoral studies at universities/research institutions across the country. The students are chosen through the Biotechnology Eligibility Test (BET), which is now overseen by the National Centre for Cell Sciences.

[5.2] RA: The department offers PDFs in frontier areas of biotechnology and life sciences at premier Indian institutions. The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, is in charge of implementing the research associateship programme. The fellowship is initially granted for 2 years, but it can be extended for another 1–2 years based on a review of progress.

[5.3] Khorana Programme for Scholars: This scholarship programme is a joint Indo-US effort to foster effective scientific contact between biotechnology students in India and biotechnology students in the United States of America. The scholarship enables Indian BTech, MTech and MSc students to complete a research internship at Wisconsin-Madison University in the United States. The programme has now been expanded to include universities in the United States such as Minnesota, Michigan, Iowa, Indiana and Georgetown.

[6] Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) ( https://www.csir.res.in ):[ 29 ]

The CSIR has several verticals that support science technology and innovation. The Human Resource Development Group (HRDG), a division of the CSIR, achieves this goal through various grants, fellowship schemes and so on.

[6.1] JRF: BS 4 years programme/BPharm/MBBS/Integrated BS/MS/MSc/BE/BTech is the minimum qualification.

The stipend is Rs. 12, 000 per month for the first and second years. In the third year, the monthly stipend is Rs. 14, 000.

[6.2] SRF: MSc, BE, BTech, BVSc, BPharm, ME, MTech or equivalent degree in engineering/technology are required (Under research scheme only).

The stipend is Rs. 14,000 per month for the first, second and third years.

[6.3] RA: The minimum qualification is a doctorate (PhD/MD/MS/MDS).

The stipend is Rs. 36,000 per month for the first year, Rs. 38, 000 per month for the second year and Rs. 40,000 per month for the third year.

[7] Department of Health Research (DHR): ( https://dhr.gov.in )[ 30 ]

The mission of the DHR is to bring modern health technologies to people through research and innovations in diagnosis, treatment methods and vaccines for prevention; to translate these innovations into products and processes; and to introduce these innovations into public health in collaboration with concerned organisations.

[7.1] Grant-in-aid scheme: The DHR has a Grant-In-Aid (GIA) scheme for Inter-Sectoral Convergence and Coordination for Health Research Promotion and Guidance. The goal of GIA is to support research that identifies knowledge gaps and converts health leads into deliverables.

[7.2] Human Resource Development (HRD) Fellowship Programme: Full-length proposals may only be submitted online at www.dhrschemes.in . Details of the scheme’s eligibility, application format, terms and conditions and guidelines are available on the DHR website at https://dhr.gov.in/schemes/humanresource- development-health-research-hrd .

[8] Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI) ( https://www.tnaionline.org ) [ 31 ]

The TNAI is a national organisation of various levels of nurse professionals. It was founded in 1908 under the name Association of Nursing Superintendents. In 1950, the Government of India designated TNAI as a service organisation. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan laid the foundation stone for the TNAI headquarters, which was inaugurated by Smt. Indira Gandhi.

[8.1] National Nurses Research Grant (TNNRG):

Eligibility Criteria:

• a) Life membership (s) in TNAI is/are required.
• b) BSc, MSc or PhD in nursing.
• c) Prior experience conducting independent research is preferred.
• d) Prior experience directing research is preferred.
• e) If a research team of professionals includes non-nursing members, the primary researcher must be a TNAI member; however, all nurse researchers in the team must be TNAI members.

The investigator (s) must submit a Research Grant Application in the prescribed Performa format, along with a detailed proposal and budget.

TNAI has the authority to decide whether a research grant should be fully or partially funded.

[9] The Nursing Research Society of India (NRSI): ( http://www.nrsindia.org )[ 32 ]

The establishment of the NRSI in 1987 was a watershed moment in the history of the nursing profession in India in general, and nursing research in particular. The NRSI, India’s first of its kind, is a premier organisation. The society was founded with the primary goal of providing a forum for nurse scientists through the organisation of conferences and workshops across the country to promote nursing research activities.

[9.1] Post-Doctoral Fellowship Programme: NRSI established the PDF programme to encourage outstanding nursing research. Following NRSI’s advertisement, candidates should submit their application on the prescribed form, along with an updated resume, a list of publications, full-length articles from two important papers, copies of certificates (BSc (N)/PBSN, MSc (N)) and two letters of recommendation (academic), among other things.

Eligibility: A doctorate (PhD) or an equivalent degree is required. The fellow’s maximum age shall be 45 years as of the day the application is made.

Stipend and benefits: A fellow’s consolidated emoluments will be Rs. 50000/- per year while working with the NRSI.

Discussion and Conclusion

Health and medical research have the potential to improve people’s health, health-care delivery and patient outcomes. As our society evolves and our families adjust to the rapid changes around them, legislators must constantly examine policies, identify and address needs, capitalise on opportunities and plan for the future. The Research Fund will help to fund research that identifies emerging trends and issues, strengthens the evidence base for social and family development policies and improves the Ministry’s forward planning capabilities so that it can respond quickly and effectively to new challenges and opportunities. The Ministry of S&T intends to foster ground-up research ideas by providing financing support to researchers. Higher education places a premium on research. The Government of India encourages the advancement of research in higher education institutions. Now, research funding is widely available from the Government of India and other sources, but our research scholars and faculty members, must be informed of the funding agency, as well as the grant and fellowship application deadlines. As a result, all higher education institutions can set up a research information system to learn more about funding and research.

By this article, the researcher had deliberately explored about the various opportunities for funding the research and higher education for the medical health care professional. Although the information about funding agencies is available but in a scattered manner. The researcher had tried to bring all the valuable information on a single piece of paper to convert the available information into a permanent knowledge.

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Mapping of health research funding in India

Introduction

Research is essential to guide improvements in population health, but developing countries have since long faced under-investment in health research in relation to their health needs. [1] , [2] Better estimates of trends in global and national expenditures on health research are needed to formulate informed health policies. [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] Expenditure data on research on specific diseases highlight the gaps in investment in less-developed settings. [9] , [10]

India's National Health Policy 2017 and other analyses have noted that the modest public expenditure on health research has resulted in limited progress for an informed policy action to improve population health. [4] , [7] , [8] . [11] , [12] , [13] In India, there is limited information of how much is spent on health- and disease-related research and where it is coming from. To address this gap, we aimed to map health research funding through a survey of health research institutions across India on funding over a 5-year period, estimate of funding by the industry, and assess health research funding trends in India 2001 onwards by major funding agencies to get an improved understanding of total health research funding in India.

We defined health research using a previously described definition as studies in basic science, clinical science and public health including social sciences, which aim to describe human health, understand the impact of factors on health ranging from the biological to societal or environmental levels, or investigate ways to improve human health. [14] Experimental investigations to advance knowledge of human health with or without a specific application were considered basic science research, studies in clinical settings on humans were considered clinical research, and studies of health or disease at the population or health system level were considered public health research. A variety of data were collected for this study as described below.

Survey of funding for health research done in India

We estimated health research funds spent by institutions across India from April 2007 to March 2012, which corresponded to the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of the Government of India. Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi.

We compiled a list of all potential institutions in India engaged in health research from a variety of sources including a previously available database on health research output from India, [14] the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) directory of health research institutions in India, [15] and the list of medical colleges available on the Medical Council of India website. [16] The contribution of institutions that had five or less publications in PubMed during 2007–12 was considered ‘minor’ and they were excluded from the study. As a result, 1150 institutions were considered eligible for the study. We sent a survey questionnaire to the institutions requesting information about their research projects during the 5-year study period, duration and amount of funding for each project, and the name of the funder or whether the project was funded by internal funds of the institutions. Data were collected from November 2012 to March 2015, which required many repeat emails and phone calls. Data were entered in a Microsoft-Access database for classification.

We used the above definitions [14] to classify each health research project as basic, clinical or public health research, and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) classification [17] for the disease condition(s). The classification was done initially based on the title of the project. If this information was inadequate, web searches on that project were conducted and/or the institution was contacted for details that could assist with classification. The classification was done by four trained researchers, using a standardized protocol, under the supervision of senior investigators. Several trial runs were done to achieve consistency, and retraining done until the reliability of classification was found suitable. A randomly selected subset of grants was given to more than one person for classification, and the discrepancies were discussed to standardize the classification. Ambiguities in classification were resolved through discussion in team meetings. The projects that did not address specific disease condition(s) were termed ‘cross-cutting’.

For our analysis, we considered only direct funding for health research and excluded funding for education, training, capacity building and infrastructure. If required, the funding amount was apportioned between the components based on the available information, and only the funding amount for health research was considered. If a project covered more than one disease, the funding amount was apportioned equally between the diseases. For projects extending over more than one fiscal year, the funding amount was proportionately distributed over the years. We compared the proportion of funding for diseases with their respective contribution to the disease burden in India measured as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the year 2010 as computed by GBD 2015. [18]

Industry funding for health research in India

We obtained the Prowess database for the years 2005 to 2014 from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy to identify industry funding for pharmaceutical and medical devices research. [19] This database provides financial data for over 27 000 companies, which includes all companies traded on the Indian national stock exchange and many unlisted public and private companies. Data on research and development expenditure by the industry in India on pharmaceutical and medical devices research was obtained from 620 companies listed in this database under the categories ‘drugs, medicines and allied products’ and ‘medical devices’.

Major agencies funding health research in India

The major Indian agencies funding health research were identified from a database compiled by the National Science and Technology Management Information System (NSTMIS), [20] according to which 91% of the health research funding in India from fiscal years 2000–01 to 2011–12 was provided by the ICMR, Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Department of Science and Technology (DST), all of which are agencies of the Government of India. We used data on health research funding given by them for the years 2001 onwards that was provided to us, or from the NSTMIS database for the years for which data were missing. The total health research funding data of DBT was separated for eight domains: (i) human developmental and disease biology, (ii) human genetics and genome, (iii) infectious diseases, (iv) non-infectious diseases, (v) stem cell biology, (vi) vaccine research and diagnoses, (vii) public health food and nutrition, and (viii) translational research on medicinal and aromatic plants products.

Through the survey mentioned above, previous publications on health research overview and trends, and annual reports and websites of funding agencies, we identified that the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and the Wellcome Trust were the prominent international agencies funding health research in India. The funding provided by NIH and Wellcome Trust for health research in India was compiled from their databases from 2001 to the latest available year 2014. [21] , [22] Furthermore, we obtained data on the scientific costs reported by the Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance for 2010 to 2015 from their annual reports and estimated the portion spent on health research, which we divided equally between the Wellcome Trust and DBT as the source of funding. [23] BMGF provided data on funding of projects in India from 2009 to 2015 on request, from which we identified the health research component.

We report trends in total funding by these Indian and international funding agencies from 2001 to 2015.

Total health research funding in India

The total health research funding includes expenditure on health research training, capacity building and infrastructure in addition to health research projects. As these were not documented in the survey, we estimated the total health research funding available in India from 2007 to 2012 using different kinds of data. First, from the total health research funding reported in the survey, we excluded all the industry funding, and inflated these amounts prorata to adjust for the 76.5% participation rate in the survey. Second, we determined the proportion of total health research funding spent on health research training, capacity building and infrastructure from the funding data of the major Indian and international research funding agencies, and added these proportions to the amounts reported in the survey for each funding agency to estimate their total funding for health research in India for the years 2007 to 2012. For the agencies for which these data were not available, we made the following assumptions informed by agencies for which data were available: of the total research funding, 25% by Indian governmental agencies and 10% by Indian non-governmental agencies and international agencies was for health research training, capacity building and infrastructure. Third, we applied these proportions to the amount reported in the survey for each funding agency to estimate their total funding for health research in India, which included health research projects, training, capacity building and infrastructure. This was considered the total non-industry funding for health research in India.

The total industry health research funding was estimated by adding the industry funding from the Prowess database for 2007–12 and the international industry funding from the survey. We assumed that the Indian industry funding reported in the survey was already included in the industry amount reported in the Prowess database. The estimate of the total funding available for health research in India per year was the sum of the non-industry and industry funding.

The amount in Rupees (₹) for each fiscal year was converted to 2015 constant ₹ using the International Monetary Fund gross domestic product deflator for India. [24] These ₹ figures were then converted to US$, using the average exchange rate of ₹65.46 for the fiscal year 2015–16. [25]

Survey of funding for health research in India

The total reported funding, including the pro-rata adjustment for non-participation, increased from US$ 163.4 million in the first year of survey (2007–08) to US$ 248.8 million in the last year (2011–12), an average annual increase of 13.1%. The average annual increase was substantially more for Indian (19.5%) as compared with international funding (3.2%).

Industry funding

The health research and development expenditure reported in the Prowess database of Indian companies was predominantly by the pharmaceutical industry. This amount increased from US$ 739.2 million in 2005 to US$ 1193 million in 2014, an average annual increase of 6.8%. We assumed that these reported amounts included the Indian pharmaceutical industry funding reported in the survey, which averaged US$ 5.9 million annually over the 2007–08 to 2011–12 survey period. The additional international pharmaceutical industry funding reported in the survey was an average of US$ 6.8 million annually.

Trends of funding by major individual agencies

The total estimated health research funding available in India in 2011–12 was 0.09% of the GDP, [26] of which the non-industry funding predominantly from public funds was only 0.02%.

The total estimated health research funding in India in 2011–12 was US$ 1.42 billion. This had increased at an average of 8.8% annually over the previous 5 years. Our total estimated health research funding is lower than a recently reported estimate for biomedical research and development expenditure in India, [6] which was US$ 1.9 billion in 2012 at the 2015 constant price. This was a broad estimate, whereas we adopted a more detailed approach, including data from a survey of health research institutions across India. Health research has been defined in varied ways which can make global comparisons and understanding trends over time difficult. [5] , [7] , [27] We estimated health research funding in India to be 0.09% of the GDP, of which only 0.02% was from public sources. This estimated proportion of per capita GDP spent on health research in India is about five times lower than that in South Korea and the UK. [5] , [8]

The dominant non-industry Indian source of health research funding was the Central government, and it is interesting that funding of health research by the Ministry of Science and Technology was more than that by the Ministry of Health. Funding by the Ministry of Science and Technology is predominantly for basic research. From 2008 to 2017, 2.3%–2.6% of the Central Health Ministry expenditure was on research. [28] Boosting of research funding by the Central Health Ministry is particularly important as it funds relatively more public health research, which is very inadequate. Public health research funding accounted for a meagre 3.2% of total health research funding, which corroborates with the low public health research output from India. [14] Enhancing the Central Health Ministry expenditure on research to 5% of the total health budget may be a reasonable expectation. This enhancement could be usefully targeted to conditions that are under-funded relative to their contribution to the disease burden and for greater public health research for strengthening the health system. Strategic planning to address the continuing deficits in public funding for health research, and enhancing the overall proportion for public health research, is needed urgently to reduce the large disease burden in India and to make universal healthcare possible. [4] , [8] , [29] The need for alignment of research funding by funding agencies with the health needs of the country has been emphasized previously, [3] but specific action is needed to make this happen.

A majority of the total health research funding was from Indian sources, and an increase in funding over recent years was documented more for Indian than for international sources. Two prominent international sources, i.e. NIH and BMGF, provided a substantially less funding for health research in India during 2011–15 as compared with the previous 5 -year period. Among the bilateral funding agencies, USAID was the major funding source reported in the survey. An interesting finding of the survey was that a much larger proportion of international funding was for public health research as compared with Indian funding, highlighting the need for reinforcing the latter.

During 2007–12, the reported funding for research on non-communicable diseases increased substantially, reflecting the increasing focus on chronic diseases which are the leading cause of disease burden in India, but the neglect of injuries continued. [14] , [18] , [30] However, the reported funding was substantially less for some of the leading causes of non-communicable disease burden such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, mental health and musculoskeletal disorders in comparison with their contribution to the disease burden, indicating that within the overall low research funding levels relatively larger portions were being spent on diseases with lower burden. Tuberculosis, HIV/ AIDS, and neglected tropical diseases including malaria accounted for higher funding as compared with their contribution to the disease burden. High concentration of funding for these diseases has been documented previously, [9] , [10] and these are also prioritized in the national vertical disease control programmes with neglect of other infectious diseases. [31] With India still dealing with a major burden of neonatal disorders, [32] , [33] the reported funding for these conditions was low. An interesting finding was that the international funding was predominantly reported for communicable diseases, whereas the Indian funding was more balanced between the communicable and non-communicable diseases. These findings highlight that the challenge of appropriate targeting of health research funding for more effective population health improvement is yet to be addressed effectively in India. It is important to note that while the magnitude of burden by a disease is a useful guide for research funding, there would be other reasons as well to prioritize funding for certain diseases that are of special interest to India, e.g. those that are targeted for elimination or those that occur specifically in India. Also, several findings from health research in other countries may be applicable to this country for which research may not need to be prioritized in India. In addition, research being done in non-health sectors on diseases and risks that are influenced by other sectors has to be taken into account while assessing the need for health research on such conditions.

There are several limitations within which these findings should be interpreted. First, there is no comprehensive listing of institutions doing health research in India. We compiled this list from various sources, but could have still missed some institutions. Second, to make the effort efficient, we excluded from the survey smaller institutions that had less than one publication per year in PubMed, which could have potentially led to an underestimation of health research funding. On the other hand, our pro-rata adjustment approach for non-participating institutions could have led to an overestimation, as the larger institutions with higher funding had a higher participation rate. These two opposing influences could have potentially cancelled each other, though the extent of this cannot be ascertained. Third, with limited information available on some projects, their classification could have been erroneous. We gathered all possible information and used a standardized approach to classification to minimize this impact. Fourth, we had access only to broad industry funding data for health research based on which it was not possible to classify the funding for various disease conditions. We could only ascertain that almost all of this funding was for basic and clinical research. Fifth, the methods of data compilation and reporting by various agencies funding health research are different, with some agencies having no methodical compilation, which could have led to inaccurate estimates and comparisons. Also, the data available from funding agencies did not allow matching with the data obtained from research institutions. Finally, the data reported from health research institutions is some years old as it took a long time to obtain information through repeat contacts. However, combined with more recent data from the industry and the funding agencies, this package of findings seems to be a useful aid to the understanding of various aspects and trends of health research funding in India. The reasonably high response rate in our survey is a strength of this assessment, which was made possible by perseverance in follow-up over an extended period.

There have been previous attempts to assess health research output from India in relation to the distribution of disease burden, [14] , [34] , [35] but a detailed assessment of health research funding in India has not been available. This report is the first detailed effort to examine the nature of health research funding available to institutions across the country, what it is spent on, and the sources of funding. This, along with the estimation of industry research expenditure, provides a more comprehensive understanding of health research funding in India than has been possible so far. The gaps and mismatches reported in this paper could help better steering of research funding in India to underfunded diseases with higher burden, and health system priorities. [11] , [12] , [36] For regular tracking of health research funding and its use, India needs a robust and comprehensive system of maintaining data on trends of health research funding, which could be developed on the basis of the mapping reported in this paper. With considerable heterogeneity in the causes of disease burden and risk factors between the states of India reported recently, [37] it would be useful in the future to steer research funding to address major health inequalities between the states of India, many of which are as large as some countries in the world.

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the research institutions across India for participating in the survey, and the funding agencies that provided research funding data. We thank Kinnari Murthy, Shefali Sharda, Anjani Kalra, Vivek Kumar, Venkata S. Vishnumolakala, Sibin George, Pradeep Kharya and Kiran Agrahari for assistance with compilation of data and classification of research projects.

Contributions

LD, RD, and VMK conceptualized the study. LD, RD, GAK and KC contributed to the study design. VMK and SS facilitated data access across institutions and agencies. GAK and PT carried out the data analysis under the oversight of LD and RD, and KC contributed to the data analysis. LD, RD, GAK and SS interpreted the findings initially and drafted the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Funding . This research was supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research.

Conflicts of interest . VMK and SS were both formerly Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Health Research and Director-General of the Indian Council of Medical Research. None of the other authors have any competing interests. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Government of India.

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Research Funding

India prioritizes new research foundation, biotech, and health in new budget, other science agencies are slated for cuts, by k. v. venkatasubramanian, special to c&en, march 29, 2021.

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India’s government released its 2021–22 budget proposal on Feb. 1, claiming a massive increase in health-care spending and prioritizing biotechnology and health research while cutting funds for other science research programs. It also allocates the first funding for the country’s National Research Foundation (NRF).

The NRF was first proposed in 2019 specifically to provide research funding to academic researchers. Historically, most R&D in India was done at its national labs, institutes of science and technology, and its central university system. But more than 95% of students attend state or other universities and colleges, where research is limited. The government intends to use the NRF to seed and grow research at such institutions, as well as “large projects and missions including international mega projects,” says Ashutosh Sharma, secretary of India’s Department of Science and Technology.

According to the proposed budget, the NRF will receive ₹100 billion ($1.4 billion) annually for 5 years to fund interdisciplinary research in science and technology, social sciences, and arts and humanities at colleges and universities. Whether the NRF will report to a ministry or parliament remains unclear.

Because of lab closures and other efforts to stem the spread of COVID-19, most scientific agencies did not spend money originally budgeted for 2020–21. For example, the Department of Biotechnology was budgeted for ₹27.9 billion in 2020–21 and spent only ₹23 billion; in such situations, agencies do not retain their claim to the funds and must start fresh with the following year’s budget. The proposed budget for the Department of Biotechnology in 2021–22 is ₹35 billion—a 25% hike from the 2020–21 budget and a 52% increase over what the department actually spent in the last year.

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The Department of Science and Technology likewise spent less in the last year than budgeted—merely ₹50.0 billion out of ₹63.0 billion. The 2021–22 proposal, however, allocates only ₹60.7 billion for the department—a 3.8% decrease from the previous budget.

Similarly, the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research is slated for a 3% decrease and the Ministry of Earth Sciences for an 8% decrease from their 2020–21 budgets. The Ministry of Renewable Energy’s proposed 2021–22 budget is flat compared to its budget for 2020–21.

In announcing the budget, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman heralded what she called a 137% hike in health-care spending, from ₹944.5 billion spent 2020–21 to ₹2.24 trillion proposed for 2021–22. The additional funds are directed to programs such as COVID-19 vaccination as well as drinking water, sanitation, and nutrition. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, however, is slated for an 11% decrease from its 2020–21 spending. The proposed budget for the Department of Health Research would also reflect a drop from its 2020–21 spending, although the 2021–22 allocation would still be a striking 27% more than its 2020–21 budget.

India spent about 0.7% of its GDP on federal research and development compared to a global average of 2.3% in 2018, the most recent year for which data are available from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

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Funding opportunities for health research in India - A technical scan

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• 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India.
• 2 Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India.
• PMID: 33318398
• DOI: 10.4103/ijph.IJPH_9_20

Health research plays an integral part in scientific and academic innovation in health care. India, a rapidly developing country, showed a tremendous increase in the number of health research projects and publications in recent years. Given the broad spectrum of health research areas and a vast number of funding agencies that fund specific areas, it is difficult to gain knowledge about them from a single source. Hence, we scanned the various funding opportunities which exist in India for healthcare research. Various agencies fund health-care research on their thrust areas of national importance. Choosing the funding agency depending on the area of interest and following the guidelines given by them ensures a successful proposal for funding. This article enlists various funding agencies and gives overall information about the nature of support and fund provided for health research in India.

Keywords: Funding; Research and Development; grant; health research.

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The Core Research Grant (CRG) scheme provides core research support to researchers to undertake research and development in frontier areas of Science and Engineering. The applicant(s) must hold a regular academic / research position in a recognized academic institution or national laboratory or in any other recognized R & D institution in India. The Prinicipal investigator and Co-Investigator(s) should hold Ph.D. degree in Science, Mathematics, Engineering or M.D / M.S. / M.D.S. / M.V.Sc degree at the time of application for grant.

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Funding opportunities for higher learning, medical and nursing research in India: An overview

Verma, Ranjana 1, ; Phalswal, Uma 2 ; Shafquat, Nassema 1 ; George, Jisa 1

1 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

2 Nursing Officer, AIIMS Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Address for correspondence: Ranjana Verma, Assistant Professor, Nursing College, AIIMS, Bhopal 462 024, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Medical research is an important aspect of medical education and is required to maintain quality. Funding can assist a researcher in doing extensive research in a certain area by boosting study variables, sample size and use of sophisticated state-of-the-art equipments. India’s funding for health research is limited, and only a small percentage of that is used for public health research. Many health professionals have a lot of great ideas for health-related research but do not know where to start looking for financing. A review was created to help medical and nursing professionals to find the correct funding source for their research. There are many governments’ organisations in India, which provide funds for research, grants and higher learning research fellowships. We tried to give an overview of some organisations with their benefits. This review includes the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India Alliance, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Department of Health Research (DHR), Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI), and the Nursing Research Society of India (NRSI). This review makes aware health professionals to the funding agency as well as the time of funding and fellowship application.

Introduction

Researches in the health care system are an invisible driving force to uplift the standard and quality of health care. Primary health care workers are the frontier of medical health issues as they are the ones who first encounter many of the researchable problems and if these professionals are capable of conducting a fruitful research, then a good pool of evidence-based solutions to these problems could be generated but due to lack of interest, knowledge and foremost resources, they are not able to do the good research.[ 1 2 ]

Primary care is the soul of the health care system in India as more than 50% of the population are living in rural areas; hence, it is the urgent need of primary health professionals to do evidence-based practices to uplift the standard of health delivery. In the primary health sector, it is necessary for health care personnel to constantly question their practice and reduce complacency in which good research findings allow them to progress and improve in patient care and provide a better translator of evidence.[ 3 ]

Family medicine has a well-developed clinical infrastructure with high productivity, with the second-highest number of practitioners and the highest number of health care contacts. Yet, family medicine has failed to establish a research foundation since its founding. After four decades, the speciality has yet to attain a high degree of research infrastructure, participation, financing, output or legitimacy. According to the family of family medicine organisations, research is essential to the speciality of family medicine; all family physicians play a role in developing new information and increasing research capability.[ 4 ]

Many factors influence the research results, including the study design, variables measured and financing opportunities.[ 5 ] Funding can assist a researcher in doing extensive research in a certain area by boosting study variables, sample size and the use of sophisticated state-of-the-art equipment, all of which improve the reliability and validity of the data and outcomes acquired.[ 5 ]According to estimates, India’s funding for health research is limited, and only a small percentage of that is used for public health research.[ 6 ] Because the effective use of available money has a substantial impact on project outcomes, it is critical that today’s researchers are well-informed about current funding opportunities.[ 7 ]

Many professionals in the medical and nursing fields have an extensive understanding of research and health science, but this knowledge is not benefitting society owing to a lack of awareness regarding financing sources. Whereas, they have a lot of great ideas for health-related research but do not know where to start looking for financing; therefore, this review was created to help them find the correct funding source for their research. Another issue is learning about all the funding agencies from a single source is difficult. Furthermore, there are only a few publications in India that provide information about funding agencies and institutions of higher learning for health research. As a result, we combed through the numerous funding options for health-care research in India and compiled a list of research programmes offered by major funding agencies.

The purpose of this overview is to provide accurate information regarding funding agencies for higher education and health-related research on a single paper.

Research Funding Agencies

[1] Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) ( http://www.icmr.nic.in/ ):[ 8 ]

The ICMR, New Delhi, is India’s apex body for biomedical research formulation, coordination and promotion. The Indian government funds the ICMR through the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare’s Department of Health Research. MD/MS/DM/MCh and MDS thesis and postdoctoral fellows are supported by the ICMR.[ 9 ] Every year, the ICMR awards 50 postdoctoral fellowships to researchers working in ICMR institutes and centres with cutting-edge research and development facilities.[ 10 ] The ICMR funds the Short-Term Studentship Programme for undergraduate MBBS/BDS students to give them the opportunity to master research methods and methodologies.[ 11 ]

[1.1] Junior Research Fellowships (JRFs): The ICMR conducts a national level examination for candidates with a postgraduate degree (MSc/MA) in basic science or a postgraduate degree (MSc/MA) in a professional course with a maximum age limit of 28 years.

[1.2] Senior Research Fellowships (SRFs): SRFs enable bright young men and women to pursue research and training that will invariably lead to a PhD or MD, etc., Master’s degree candidates with 2 years of research experience are eligible with a 35-year age limit.

[1.3] Extramural Research Programme: Under its extramural research programme, the ICMR provides financial assistance to promote research work in the fields of medicine, public health and allied areas.[ 12 13 ]

Types of extramural research programmes

• Short-duration, low-cost proposals
• Ad-hoc project - Investor defined
• Project Goal: Solve a pre-defined problem (centrally identified)
• Cohort research
• National Registry
• Centres of Advanced Research (CAR)
• Capacity building/support for sustained, high-quality research.

[1.4] Research Associateship (RA): RAs are awarded to encourage young researchers who already have high-quality published work to pursue post-doctoral fellowships (PDFs) in biomedicine on specific research programmes. Candidates who have a doctorate degree in medicine with a 40-year age limit are eligible.

[1.5] Emeritus Scientist Scheme : The Council offers the position of Emeritus Scientist to retired medical scientists and teachers for them to continue or begin research on specific biomedical topics. The application is open at any time, and the ICMR Emeritus Scientist (IES) Selection Committee will meet twice a year, in January and July.

[2] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO): ( www.drdo.gov.in/ ) [ 14 15 ]:

DRDO is the research and development (R&D) arm of the Ministry of Defence, Government of India, with the goal of empowering India. The DRDO is now a network of more than 50 laboratories dedicated to the development of defence technology in a number of sectors including aeronautics, weaponry, combat engineering, electronics, life sciences, materials and naval systems.

[2.1] JRF: The candidate should have a graduate degree in engineering and technology, postgraduate research degree in science or postgraduate degree in Fellow Psychology; first division or (JRF) equivalent grading is awarded.

• The age limit is 28 years.
• The emolument (per month) is Rs. 16000/-+HRA

[2.2] SRF : The candidate should have a degree in medical science (MBBS), dental science/research surgery (BDS) or postgraduate in engineering and technology; first division, both at the graduate and SRF postgaduate levels, wherever division or equivalent grading is awarded.

• The age limit is 32 years.
• The emolument (per month) is Rs. 18000/-+HRA

[2.3] RA: PhD in science subjects, or MD/MS in medical science, research or MTech/ME with 2 years experience in research, associate teaching, design and development. Wherever division or equivalent grading is awarded, the degree should be in (RA) first division.

• The age limit is 30 years.
• The emoluments (per month) is Rs. 24000/-+HRA

[3] Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) [ 16 ] ( http://www.serb.gov.in ):

The SERB was established in 2008 with the mission of promoting basic research in science and engineering and matching the best global practises in the areas of basic research promotion and funding.

[3.1] Core Research Grant (CRG) (Individual Centric) [ 17 ] : The scheme offers active researchers with core research funding to conduct research and development in science and engineering frontier areas. The CRG scheme can benefit a single researcher or a group of researchers working at a recognised academic institution, national laboratory or other recognised R&D institution in India. The financing is usually offered over a 3-year term. The announcement of the call for applications will be made on the websites ‘ www.serbonline.in ’ and ‘ www.serb.gov.in ’.

[3.2] Start-up Research Grant (SRG) [ 18 ]: The SRG is a one-time research grant designed to help researchers get started in a new institution. It is a 2-year grant designed to help scientists and engineers working on the cutting edge of science and engineering establish themselves before moving on to a mainstream CRG. The applicant’s track record and the proposed research plan would be used as selection criteria. For a period of 2 years, a research grant of Rs. 30 lakhs plus overheads would be provided.

[3.3] Scientific and Useful Profound Research Advancement (SUPRA) [ 19 ] : SUPRA is a programme that rewards high-quality ideas that include a novel premise, innovative solutions, new domains and concepts. The applicant must have completed at least 5 years of regular academic or research experience in an Indian academic institution, national laboratory or other recognised R&D institution.

[3.4] J C Bose National Fellowship: The fellowship will cover all areas of science (in the broadest sense). Nominations can be sent by the heads of the institutions, and nominations are accepted online only throughout the year ( www.serbonline.in ).

[3.5] Ramanujan Fellowship: The scheme assists active researchers/scientists/engineers who want to return to India from abroad and contribute to the country’s efforts. The Ramanujan Fellowship accepts nominations at any time during the year.

[3.6] National Post-Doctoral Fellowship: This fellowship was created with the aim of identifying and supporting motivated young researchers to conduct research in frontier areas of science and engineering. The fellows will be supervised by a mentor, and it is hoped that this training will provide them with a foundation for future independent research. The fellowship is purely temporary and is initially available for a period of 2 years.

[3.7] Early Career Research Award: The Early Career Research Award programme aims to provide immediate research support to young researchers in their early careers in frontier areas of science and engineering. It is a one-time award that includes a research grant of up to Rs. 50 lakhs (excluding overheads) for a 3-year period.

[3.8] SERB Women Excellence Award: [ 20 ] The SERB Women Excellence Award is a one-time award given to female scientists under the age of 40 who have received recognition such as the Young Scientist Medal, Young Associate and so on. These female researchers will receive a research grant of Rs. 5.00 lakhs per year for the next 3 years.

[3.9] SERB-POWER: [ 21 ] ( Promoting Opportunities for Women in Exploratory Research): This programme is designed to reduce gender disparities and in order to ensure equal access and weighted opportunities for Indian women scientists engaged in research and development activities.

SERB empowers females in two areas:

• SERB – POWER fellowship
• SERB – POWER research grants.

Women scientists are not permitted to hold both a POWER fellowship and a POWER grant at the same time.

[4] Department of Science and Technology (DST) ( https://dst.gov.in ):[ 22 ]

The DST was established in May 1971 with the goal of promoting new areas of science and technology (S&T) and serving as a nodal department for organising, coordinating and promoting S&T activities throughout the country.

[4.1] Women Scientist Programme: [ 23 ] The scheme is intended to encourage women in the S&T domain, preferably those who have taken a career break and are not currently employed, to consider re-entering the profession.

For Indian citizens, the following three categories of fellowships with research grants are available:

• Women Scientist Scheme-A (WOS-A): Research in basic/applied science
• Women Scientist Scheme-B (WOS-B): S&T interventions for societal benefit
• Women Scientist Scheme-C (WOS-C): Internship in Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) for the self-employment

[4.2] Innovation of Science Pursuit for Inspire Research (INSPIRE): [ 24 25 ] The DST has developed an innovative strategy to encourage young people to pursue careers in science. Every year, INSPIRE Fellowship awards fellowships to researchers between the ages of 22 and 27 to pursue doctoral degrees in both basic and applied sciences, while INSPIRE Faculty Scheme awards postdoctoral fellowships to scholars between the ages of 27 and 32.

[4.3] Science and Technology of Yoga and Meditation (SATYAM): [ 26 ] It supports ideas that take an integrative approach to neuroscience, medicine and psychology in order to conduct a thorough study of yoga and meditation.

[5] Department of Biotechnology (DBT) ( https://www.dbtindia.gov.in ):[ 27 28 ]

DBT’s mandate is to promote and support biotechnology development in India. Basic research, medical biotechnology, agriculture technology, food and nutrition, bioresources, environment and bioenergy, animal biotechnology, aquaculture and marine biotechnology, bioinformatics, international collaborations and human resource development are some of the topics covered by the DBT.

[5.1] JRF: The department offers fellowships to biotechnology students who want to pursue doctoral studies at universities/research institutions across the country. The students are chosen through the Biotechnology Eligibility Test (BET), which is now overseen by the National Centre for Cell Sciences.

[5.2] RA: The department offers PDFs in frontier areas of biotechnology and life sciences at premier Indian institutions. The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, is in charge of implementing the research associateship programme. The fellowship is initially granted for 2 years, but it can be extended for another 1–2 years based on a review of progress.

[5.3] Khorana Programme for Scholars: This scholarship programme is a joint Indo-US effort to foster effective scientific contact between biotechnology students in India and biotechnology students in the United States of America. The scholarship enables Indian BTech, MTech and MSc students to complete a research internship at Wisconsin-Madison University in the United States. The programme has now been expanded to include universities in the United States such as Minnesota, Michigan, Iowa, Indiana and Georgetown.

[6] Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) ( https://www.csir.res.in ):[ 29 ]

The CSIR has several verticals that support science technology and innovation. The Human Resource Development Group (HRDG), a division of the CSIR, achieves this goal through various grants, fellowship schemes and so on.

[6.1] JRF: BS 4 years programme/BPharm/MBBS/Integrated BS/MS/MSc/BE/BTech is the minimum qualification.

The stipend is Rs. 12, 000 per month for the first and second years. In the third year, the monthly stipend is Rs. 14, 000.

[6.2] SRF: MSc, BE, BTech, BVSc, BPharm, ME, MTech or equivalent degree in engineering/technology are required (Under research scheme only).

The stipend is Rs. 14,000 per month for the first, second and third years.

[6.3] RA: The minimum qualification is a doctorate (PhD/MD/MS/MDS).

The stipend is Rs. 36,000 per month for the first year, Rs. 38, 000 per month for the second year and Rs. 40,000 per month for the third year.

[7] Department of Health Research (DHR): ( https://dhr.gov.in )[ 30 ]

The mission of the DHR is to bring modern health technologies to people through research and innovations in diagnosis, treatment methods and vaccines for prevention; to translate these innovations into products and processes; and to introduce these innovations into public health in collaboration with concerned organisations.

[7.1] Grant-in-aid scheme: The DHR has a Grant-In-Aid (GIA) scheme for Inter-Sectoral Convergence and Coordination for Health Research Promotion and Guidance. The goal of GIA is to support research that identifies knowledge gaps and converts health leads into deliverables.

[7.2] Human Resource Development (HRD) Fellowship Programme: Full-length proposals may only be submitted online at www.dhrschemes.in . Details of the scheme’s eligibility, application format, terms and conditions and guidelines are available on the DHR website at https://dhr.gov.in/schemes/humanresource- development-health-research-hrd .

[8] Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI) ( https://www.tnaionline.org ) [ 31 ]

The TNAI is a national organisation of various levels of nurse professionals. It was founded in 1908 under the name Association of Nursing Superintendents. In 1950, the Government of India designated TNAI as a service organisation. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan laid the foundation stone for the TNAI headquarters, which was inaugurated by Smt. Indira Gandhi.

[8.1] National Nurses Research Grant (TNNRG):

Eligibility Criteria:

• a) Life membership (s) in TNAI is/are required.
• b) BSc, MSc or PhD in nursing.
• c) Prior experience conducting independent research is preferred.
• d) Prior experience directing research is preferred.
• e) If a research team of professionals includes non-nursing members, the primary researcher must be a TNAI member; however, all nurse researchers in the team must be TNAI members.

The investigator (s) must submit a Research Grant Application in the prescribed Performa format, along with a detailed proposal and budget.

TNAI has the authority to decide whether a research grant should be fully or partially funded.

[9] The Nursing Research Society of India (NRSI): ( http://www.nrsindia.org )[ 32 ]

The establishment of the NRSI in 1987 was a watershed moment in the history of the nursing profession in India in general, and nursing research in particular. The NRSI, India’s first of its kind, is a premier organisation. The society was founded with the primary goal of providing a forum for nurse scientists through the organisation of conferences and workshops across the country to promote nursing research activities.

[9.1] Post-Doctoral Fellowship Programme: NRSI established the PDF programme to encourage outstanding nursing research. Following NRSI’s advertisement, candidates should submit their application on the prescribed form, along with an updated resume, a list of publications, full-length articles from two important papers, copies of certificates (BSc (N)/PBSN, MSc (N)) and two letters of recommendation (academic), among other things.

Eligibility: A doctorate (PhD) or an equivalent degree is required. The fellow’s maximum age shall be 45 years as of the day the application is made.

Stipend and benefits: A fellow’s consolidated emoluments will be Rs. 50000/- per year while working with the NRSI.

Discussion and Conclusion

Health and medical research have the potential to improve people’s health, health-care delivery and patient outcomes. As our society evolves and our families adjust to the rapid changes around them, legislators must constantly examine policies, identify and address needs, capitalise on opportunities and plan for the future. The Research Fund will help to fund research that identifies emerging trends and issues, strengthens the evidence base for social and family development policies and improves the Ministry’s forward planning capabilities so that it can respond quickly and effectively to new challenges and opportunities. The Ministry of S&T intends to foster ground-up research ideas by providing financing support to researchers. Higher education places a premium on research. The Government of India encourages the advancement of research in higher education institutions. Now, research funding is widely available from the Government of India and other sources, but our research scholars and faculty members, must be informed of the funding agency, as well as the grant and fellowship application deadlines. As a result, all higher education institutions can set up a research information system to learn more about funding and research.

By this article, the researcher had deliberately explored about the various opportunities for funding the research and higher education for the medical health care professional. Although the information about funding agencies is available but in a scattered manner. The researcher had tried to bring all the valuable information on a single piece of paper to convert the available information into a permanent knowledge.

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DIVISION OF HRD Call for applications under the Program of “DHR Funded Workshops on Clinical Training/Translational Research”

From June 2024 onwards, only online applications will be accepted, no hard copies will be considered. Those who have already submitted the hard copy till date (18.06.2024) will be considered eligible to submit the online application. For detailed information and to apply, please visit the link: https://schemes.dhr.gov.in/ . We encourage all interested and eligible candidates to submit their applications to ensure consideration.

As per the ICMR mandate of the topic for the Workshop proposal are given below for your reference:

• The "Clinical Training" pertains to giving hands-on training for any specific clinical procedures to medical students or young clinicians/scientists in the selected/related field of biomedical research.
• On the other hand, the topic of  "Translational research"  pertains to workshop on any prominent leads in context to diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccines and interventions from labs which have been tested for efficiency and efficacy and ready to be translated into products for the society.

PLEASE NOTE:

Conference/Seminar/Symposium/CMEs/Short-courses funding support has been discontinued, ONLY funding for Workshops specifically on "Clinical Training/Translational Research" will be considered.

Note: Please ensure all required documents and information are included in your online application as incomplete submissions will not be considered.

IMPORTANT POINTS:

• The application complete in all respects together with enclosures must be submitted online at least three months prior to the proposed Workshop date and the deadline given above. 1. A financial support of up to Rs. ten (10) lakhs (max. limit) will be funded per workshop only after the review of the workshop topic and the sanctioned limit may vary depending on the review of the budget proposed for the workshop and thorough review of the topic and its relevance by the Selection Committee constituted by the Secretary, DHR.
• The applications should state future directions of the proposed Workshop as per the mandate of DHR and the direct translational research value to the society.
• The audience should also basically include, Students, Faculty, Clinicians and Nurses from Govt. Medical/Dental/Nursing Colleges/UGC recognized institutes an organizations, in order to create awareness and train, encourage them about the proposed Clinical/Translational Research in the field of biomedical health research.
• To give a detailed breakup of budget proposed, justifying the requirement under each head.
• It is mandatory for all the NGOs/Engineering/Pharmacy Colleges submitting applications for organizing Workshops to co-organize and collaborate with MCI recognized Govt. Medical Colleges or any UGC recognized Institutes/organizations in the relevant subject area of the proposed workshop for addressing the clinical aspects from the concerned Experts in the field of the biomedical research and taking their suggestions and inputs on the same. The consent letter from the concerned Medical College/Institute Competent Authority is mandatory to be submitted along with the application and a nodal Officer to be identified from the concerned collaborating college.
• The Organizing Secretary needs to inform DHR about changes in the dates on [email protected] , if any, as proposed in the application form.
• It may be noted that incomplete and applications not signed, will not be considered and are liable to be rejected and no correspondence will be entertained further.
• If the workshop proposal is accepted and is financially supported by the DHR, then a letter will be issued to the Organizing Secretary by the DHR after approvals by the Expert Committee and the Competent Authority of the DHR and funds as sanctioned will be released accordingly.
• After completion of the workshop, a detailed report of the workshop proceedings along with participant’s attendance and other required information (may pl. see the report submission format) about the successful completion of the workshop is to be submitted to theDHR along with the utilization certificate (UC) duly issued by the accounts officer of the Host Institute.
• It may be noted, that you are also required to submit a pre- & post-test questionnaire individually for every talk, session and topic and hands on practical training as applicable, as a feedback form, only at the time of workshop report submission, in case the application is selected for funding support by DHR.

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The National Institutes of Health is the largest public funder of biomedical research in the world. In fiscal year 2022, NIH invested most of its $45 billion appropriations in research seeking to enhance life, and to reduce illness and disability. NIH-funded research has led to breakthroughs and new treatments helping people live longer, healthier lives, and building the research foundation that drives discovery.

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NIH offers funding for many types of grants, contracts, and even programs that help repay loans for researchers.

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Grant applications and associated documents (e.g., reference letters) are due by 5:00 PM local time of application organization on the specified due date.

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The NIH Loan Repayment Programs repay up to $50,000 annually of a researcher’s qualified educational debt in return for a commitment to engage in NIH mission-relevant research.

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International Travel By Non-ICMR Scientists

ICMR-International Travel Grant Support for non-ICMR Scientists

Notification.

From June 2024 onwards, only online applications will be accepted, no hard copies will be considered. Those who have already submitted the hard copy till date (14.06.2024) will be considered eligible to submit the online application. For detailed information and to apply, please visit the link: https://schemes.dhr.gov.in/ . We encourage all interested and eligible candidates to submit their applications promptly to ensure consideration.

Note: Please ensure all required documents and information are included in your online application as incomplete submissions will not be considered.

• The ICMR invites application for financial support to attend international Conference/Seminar/Symposia/Workshops from senior and young non-ICMR biomedical Scientists/Researchers.
• The application may be submitted in the ICMR format only and as per point no. 5 in the Guidelines given below.
• CV should be one pager.
• The research publications indexed in PubMed/SCI/SCIE, during the last five years to be submitted.
• Only the front page of the Technical Programme of the Conference/Seminar/ Symposia/Workshops to be enclosed along with the accepted letter and copy of the research paper/abstract.
• The air tickets may be booked as per the Department of Expenditure (DoE) OM no. 19024/03/2021/E.IV dated 16.02.2022 
• Ensure that the Conference is not a predatory one.
• Applications submitted late i.e. not before two months from the date of the Conference will NOT be considered by the ICMR.

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