criminal justice literature review topics

135+ Amazing Criminal Justice Research Topics In 2023

Are you a law student or enrolled in law college? Are you looking for criminal justice research topics? Here, in this blog, you can find your criminal justice research topics. Statanalytca.com explains the 135 amazing criminal research paper topic ideas for 2023 in this blog.

When we listen to the word criminal justice, many words come into our mind like “victim,” “enforcement,” “crimes,” “courts,” “prison,” and law sanctions. Criminal justice is a term that governments make to justice for people, reduce and make decisions to prevent crimes. Governments make law sanctions to reduce crimes. Every country has a different criminal justice system.

The criminal justice system in the United States is a complex system of federal, state, and local laws, with state and federal constitutions, international treaties, and customary law. Each layer of government shares responsibility for a different aspect of the process. Federal law enforcement agencies enforce laws that may be broken by people who are not in their jurisdiction.

For example : When an individual from New York City travels to Florida to commit a crime such as a robbery or murder they will be arrested by the Florida police and handed over to federal authorities.

A criminal justice research paper necessarily requires accuracy, attention, and patience. Sometimes students are confused about writing criminal research paper topics, or they have a shortage of time to complete research papers.

Most college students ask for assignments to write criminal justice research papers. If you want criminal justice research paper help, you can take our trusted  research paper assignment help .

How To Choose A Good Research Topics

Table of Contents

Choosing a research topic is a very challenging task. You should pick a topic that is both interesting and relevant to your audience. You should analyze the crime report before choosing the criminal justice research topics. Research the types of crimes in your country and where your country ranks in the global crime index.

Some research topics include the following:

• The role of law enforcement, prosecutors, and public defenders.
• Challenges with eyewitness identifications.
• Different types of evidence are used in criminal cases.
• The effect of jury selection on trials.
• How criminal justice impacts mental health.

What Is a Research Paper in Criminal Justice?

A research paper in criminal justice is an academic paper presenting findings from research on a specific criminal justice topic. These papers typically require extensive research and analysis of primary and secondary sources, such as case studies, official reports, statistics, and academic literature. The research paper aims to contribute new knowledge to the criminal justice field, identify trends or patterns, or assess the effectiveness of interventions or policies.

Research papers in criminal justice typically follow a standard academic format, including an introduction that sets the context and research questions, a literature review that summarizes existing research, a methodology section that outlines the research design and data collection methods, a results section that presents findings, and a conclusion that summarizes the research’s significance and implications.

Criminal justice research papers may focus on various topics, including the legal system’s operations, law enforcement practices, corrections, crime prevention, and victimization. These papers may be used to inform policymakers, practitioners, and academics about the state of the criminal justice system and suggest evidence-based solutions to improve its effectiveness and fairness.

Let’s Discuss The Criminal Justice Research Topics-

Here in this section, we will tell you some of the best criminal justice research topics for 2023:-

Basic Criminology and Criminal Justice Research Topics

• Basic criminal Research Topics.
• History of Criminal Ethics.
• Criminology as Social Science.
• Criminology and Public Policy.
• Advantages of Private Prisons.
• Civil Crimes vs War Crimes.
• Offenses Against Religion & Cultural Traits.
• Causes of victimization.

Court Cases Criminal Justice Research Topics

• Can victims of crime receive help?
• How serious are shoplifting incidents?
• When do felony disenfranchisement laws apply?
• Is organized crime and corruption synonymous?
• What is legal help available to victims of date rape?
• What is the difference between civil and criminal cases?
• Forensic science: how effective is it in modern criminal justice?
• Is there a link between substance abuse, crime, and substance use?
• Who is eligible for the protection program, and what protection is provided?
• Prison rape and violence: What can be done to prevent sexual and domestic violence in prison?

Controversial Criminal Justice Research Topics

• Gun control causes.
• Struggle with mental health issues.
• Police officers’ legal rights are limited.
• College Violence Causes.
• Gun violence and prevention policies.
• Crimes Propaganda and Modern Music Culture.
• Race and politics of criminal justice.
• An investigation into victim services.
• Eyewitness Evidence Importance.
• Legal codes used in America.
• Zero tolerance policy and crime rates.
• Sexual assault.
• culture, and gender equality.
• What is the best way to reduce recidivism?
• pros and cons of prisons in America.
• Criminalization of poverty.
• Gender and Punishment.
• The effects of drugs on children’s development.
• Effects of drug addiction on mental health.
• Youth offenders and Bootcamps.

Debate Criminal Justice Research Topics

• Failures in criminal justice.
• Criminal justice system expectations.
• Statistical analysis in criminal justice.
• Debate on criminal justice act.
• criminal justice trend evaluation.
• Trends in the criminal justice system.
• Criminal justice system corrections in the USA.
• Find the solution to prevent crimes.

Criminology Research Topics On Theories

• Is employment related to law violations?
• What is the relationship between family status and legal violations?
• Is gender related to the type of law violation?
• What is the relationship between citizenship and law enforcement?
• How does education relate to crime levels?
• How does gun ownership relate to breaking the law?
• Is there a link between immigration status and law violations?
• What types of crimes are common at what ages?
• How does the type of crime relate to the level of aggression?

Top 10 Hot Criminology Research Topics

• Crime is explained culturally.
• The media’s role in criminology.
• The advantages of convict criminology.
• The major issues in postmodern criminology.
• Is politics influencing criminal behavior?
• How does DAWN collect information?
• The shortcomings of crime mapping.
• Crime rates and community deterioration.
• Certain personality traits trigger criminal behavior.
• Does experimental criminology have an impact on social policy?

Criminal Justice Research Topics Based On Crime and Communities

• The impact of community policing on crime prevention in urban areas.
• The effectiveness of restorative justice programs in reducing recidivism rates.
• The relationship between poverty and crime in urban communities.
• The role of race and ethnicity in criminal justice outcomes and disparities.
• The effectiveness of community-based interventions in reducing juvenile delinquency.
• The impact of gun laws on violent crime in urban communities.
• Social media’s role in spreading crime and its effects on communities.
• The effectiveness of drug courts in reducing drug-related crimes and improving public safety.
• The relationship between mental illness and criminal behavior in urban communities.
• The impact of immigration policies on crime and public safety in urban areas.
• The effectiveness of re-entry programs for ex-offenders in reducing recidivism and promoting successful reintegration into society.
• The impact of community-based victim services on the criminal justice system and crime prevention.
• The relationship between neighborhood social disorganization and crime rates.
• The role of technology in improving crime prevention and solving crimes in urban communities.
• The effectiveness of community-based diversion programs for non-violent offenders.
• The impact of neighborhood watch programs on crime prevention and community safety.
• The role of community involvement in addressing hate crimes and bias incidents.
• The impact of domestic violence on communities and the criminal justice response.
• The effectiveness of drug treatment programs in reducing drug-related crime and improving public health.
• The criminal justice system’s impact on marginalized communities and efforts to promote equity and justice.

Criminal Justice Research Topics On Racism and Discrimination

• Eliminating discrimination in the criminal justice system.
• Gender Bias in Eyewitnesses.
• African American Legislative Apartheid.
• Racial Discrimination in College Campuses.
• How criminal justice law is enacted on Migrants.
• Inequality in the criminal justice system Research.

General Criminal Justice Research Topics

• Police brutality and excessive force
• Criminal profiling and investigation techniques
• Restorative justice programs
• Cybercrime and cyberterrorism
• Gun control policies and their effectiveness
• The impact of race and ethnicity on sentencing
• Juvenile delinquency prevention and intervention
• Wrongful convictions and the death penalty
• Gender and crime
• Drug policy and its impact on crime.
• Community policing and trust-building strategies
• The effectiveness of rehabilitation and reentry programs for offenders
• Domestic violence and its impact on victims
• Crime prevention through environmental design
• Forensic science and the reliability of evidence in criminal investigations
• Corruption in law enforcement and the criminal justice system
• Mental health treatment for inmates and offenders
• Human trafficking and modern-day slavery
• The use of technology in criminal investigations and surveillance
• The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the criminal justice system.

Types of Criminal Justice Research Topics  

• Homicide, serial murders, and serial murder are the most popular topics in murder studies.
• A case study of robbery crime, unusual daylight robbery in a news article.
• Identity Theft and Ways to Protect, the prevalence of identity theft in the community, causes, and effects of cell phone theft.
• Analysis and critique of Current fraud cases, Fraud and business ethics, fraud schemes, and investigation.

International Criminal Law Topics

• Criminal ethics, criminal law research assignment paper.
• Criminal courtroom observation reaction.
• Childhood obesity.
• Crime Prevention.
• International crimes and their laws.
• International criminal court.
• Human Rights and Inequality.
• Rape Cases.

Criminal Justice Research Topics For College Students

• The Impact of Police Body Cameras on Law Enforcement Accountability
• Violent Crime Reduction Effectiveness of Restorative Justice Programs
• Racial Disparities in Sentencing and Their Implications for Justice
• The Role of Mental Health Services in Diverting Offenders from the Criminal Justice System
• Media Effects on Perceptions of Crime and Criminal Conduct
• Examining the Use of Technology in Solving Crimes and Enhancing Investigations
• Juvenile Justice Policies: Rehabilitation vs. Punishment
• The Intersection of Immigration Policies and Criminal Justice Outcomes
• Criminal Profiling and its Reliability in Solving Crimes
• The Effect of Minimum Sentence Laws on Incarceration Rates and Public Safety.

Criminology Research Topics

• Armed Crime Groups History Motives.
• Cyber Criminology Correction Methods.
• Art Fraud Cooperation.
• Drunk Driving Prevention Ads.
• Identity Theft & Social Media.
• Topic on Child Abuse & TV Violence.
• Aggression Against Homeless People.
• Unemployment & Street Situation Analysis.
• Forensic Research Identification Methods.
• Crime Witnesses PTSD Rehabilitation.

Career With The Criminology Major

There are a variety of jobs you can get with a criminology degree. We sort listed the top 8 trending jobs that you can get with a criminology degree:

• Criminologist.
• Private investigator 
• Forensic scientist .
• Correction officer.
• Jury consultant.
• Loss prevention specialist 
• Clinical social worker.

Tips On How To Write Criminal Justice Research Topics

A step-by-step guide on how to write criminal justice research topics:

• Choose a particular topic.
• Read the given materials and take some notes.
• Come up with a thesis.
• Create an outline for your project.
• Write down all the information that you have collected.
• Start with a cover page, and an intro.
• List the technique you used and the results you got.
• Include a discussion.
• Always write a conclusion.
• Don’t forget to correct your grammar mistakes.
• Revise, proofread, and if it is incorrect then edit.

Importance of Criminal Justice Research Papers In 2023

Here are some important of criminal justice research papers in 2023: 

1. Informed Policy-Making

Criminal justice research papers provide valuable data and insights that policymakers use to develop effective laws and policies, enhancing the fairness and efficiency of the justice system.

2. Evidence-Based Practices

Research papers help identify evidence-based strategies for law enforcement, corrections, and crime prevention, leading to better outcomes and reduced rates of reoffending.

3. Transparency and Accountability

By revealing systemic issues and gaps, research papers push for greater transparency and accountability within the criminal justice system, fostering public trust.

4. Improved Decision-Making

Policymakers, law enforcement, and other stakeholders use research findings to make informed decisions on resource allocation and allocation of efforts.

5. Advancing Knowledge

Criminal justice research papers contribute to the body of knowledge in the field, allowing researchers and academics to build on existing findings and develop innovative approaches to understanding crime and justice.

6. Addressing Disparities

Research papers shed light on disparities in the justice system, such as racial or socioeconomic disparities, prompting efforts to address and rectify these inequalities.

7. Enhancing Public Awareness

Research papers raise public awareness about issues like wrongful convictions, mental health challenges, and the impact of crime on communities, spurring advocacy and societal change.

Get More Criminal Justice Research Topics At Statanalytica.com

Hope you choose criminal justice research topics for this blog. If you have any difficulty choosing criminal justice research topics, you can contact us at any time. Our professional writers are available to suggest criminal justice research topics ideas and research paper help.

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So, you can contact us for any type of paper writing service and impress your teacher or professor by choosing a good criminal justice research topic.

This is the end of this post about criminal justice research topics. However, diverse criminal justice research topics offer unique insights into various aspects of the criminal justice system. These research areas are crucial for policymakers, practitioners, and academics to comprehensively understand the system’s challenges and develop effective interventions that improve its fairness and effectiveness. 

On the other hand, we mentioned more than 135 criminal justice research topics based on different categories. So that it is easier for you to choose the best criminal justice research topics.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1.what are some criminal justice research topics.

Research Topics in Criminal Justice System: 1. Capital Punishment. 2. Community Corrections. 3. Crime Prevention. 4. Criminal Courts. 5. Criminal Justice Ethics. 6. Criminal Law. 7. Criminal Specialisation. 8. Drug Courts.

Q2. How do I choose a research topic?

Two main ways to find a research topic: through your academic interests or by self-initiation. You can find a topic through your academic focus, talk to your professors and classmates about what they’re working on, and they can point you in the right direction and introduce you to the process of conducting research. The other option is to start with The idea that interests you.

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What's on this Page

This page is meant to help you create a literature review for academic projects and publications. Each tab outlines a different aspect of what a literature review is and how to build one. If you need help finding sources for your literature reviews, check out How To pages.

How to Build a Literature Review

• What is a Lit Review?
• Why Write a Lit Review?
• Building a Lit Review
• Prepping for a Lit Review
• Basic Example
• Other Resources/Examples

What is a Literature Review?

A literature review is a comprehensive summary and analysis of previously published research on a particular topic. Literature reviews should give the reader an overview of the important theories and themes that have previously been discussed on the topic, as well as any important researchers who have contributed to the discourse. This review should connect the established conclusions to the hypothesis being presented in the rest of the paper.

What a Literature Review Is Not:

• Annotated Bibliography: An annotated bibliography summarizes and assesses each resource individually and separately. A literature review explores the connections between different articles to illustrate important themes/theories/research trends within a larger research area. 
• Timeline: While a literature review can be organized chronologically, they are not simple timelines of previous events. They should not be a list of any kind. Individual examples or events should be combined to illustrate larger ideas or concepts.
• Argumentative Paper: Literature reviews are not meant to be making an argument. They are explorations of a concept to give the audience an understanding of what has already been written and researched about an idea. As many perspectives as possible should be included in a literature review in order to give the reader as comprehensive understanding of a topic as possible.

Why Write a Literature Review?

After reading the literature review, the reader should have a basic understanding of the topic. A reader should be able to come into your paper without really knowing anything about an idea, and after reading the literature, feel more confident about the important points.

A literature review should also help the reader understand the focus the rest of the paper will take within the larger topic. If the reader knows what has already been studied, they will be better prepared for the novel argument that is about to be made.

A literature review should help the reader understand the important history, themes, events, and ideas about a particular topic. Connections between ideas/themes should also explored. Part of the importance of a literature review is to prove to experts who do read your paper that you are knowledgeable enough to contribute to the academic discussion. You have to have done your homework.

A literature review should also identify the gaps in research to show the reader what hasn't yet been explored. Your thesis should ideally address one of the gaps identified in the research. Scholarly articles are meant to push academic conversations forward with new ideas and arguments. Before knowing where the gaps are in a topic, you need to have read what others have written.

What does a literature review look like?

As mentioned in other tabs, literature reviews should discuss the big ideas that make up a topic. Each literature review should be broken up into different subtopics. Each subtopic should use groups of articles as evidence to support the ideas. There are several different ways of organizing a literature review. It will depend on the patterns one sees in the groups of articles as to which strategy should be used. Here are a few examples of how to organize your review:

Chronological

If there are clear trends that change over time, a chronological approach could be used to organize a literature review. For example, one might argue that in the 1970s, the predominant theories and themes argued something. However, in the 1980s, the theories evolved to something else. Then, in the 1990s, theories evolved further. Each decade is a subtopic, and articles should be used as examples. 

Themes/Theories

There may also be clear distinctions between schools of thought within a topic, a theoretical breakdown may be most appropriate. Each theory could be a subtopic, and articles supporting the theme should be included as evidence for each one. 

If researchers mainly differ in the way they went about conducting research, literature reviews can be organized by methodology. Each type of method could be a subtopic,  and articles using the method should be included as evidence for each one.

Preliminary Steps for Literature Review

• Define your research question
• Compile a list of initial keywords to use for searching based on question
• Search for literature that discusses the topics surrounding your research question
• Assess and organize your literature into logical groups
• Identify gaps in research and conduct secondary searches (if necessary)
• Reassess and reorganize literature again (if necessary)
• Write review

Here is an example of a literature review, taken from the beginning of a research article. You can find other examples within most scholarly research articles. The majority of published scholarship includes a literature review section, and you can use those to become more familiar with these reviews.

Source:  Perceptions of the Police by LGBT Communities

• ISU Writing Assistance The Julia N. Visor Academic Center provides one-on-one writing assistance for any course or need. By focusing on the writing process instead of merely on grammar and editing, we are committed to making you a better writer.
• University of Toronto: The Literature Review Written by Dena Taylor, Health Sciences Writing Centre
• Purdue OWL - Writing a Lit Review Goes over the basic steps
• UW Madison Writing Center - Review of Literature A description of what each piece of a literature review should entail.
• USC Libraries - Literature Reviews Offers detailed guidance on how to develop, organize, and write a college-level research paper in the social and behavioral sciences.
• Creating the literature review: integrating research questions and arguments Blog post with very helpful overview for how to organize and build/integrate arguments in a literature review
• Understanding, Selecting, and Integrating a Theoretical Framework in Dissertation Research: Creating the Blueprint for Your “House” Article focusing on constructing a literature review for a dissertation. Still very relevant for literature reviews in other types of content.

A note that many of these examples will be far longer and in-depth than what's required for your assignment. However, they will give you an idea of the general structure and components of a literature review. Additionally, most scholarly articles will include a literature review section. Looking over the articles you have been assigned in classes will also help you.

• Sample Literature Review (Univ. of Florida) This guide will provide research and writing tips to help students complete a literature review assignment.
• Sociology Literature Review (Univ. of Hawaii) Written in ASA citation style - don't follow this format.
• Sample Lit Review - Univ. of Vermont Includes an example with tips in the footnotes.
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What is a Literature Review?

The scholarly conversation.

A literature review provides an overview of previous research on a topic that critically evaluates, classifies, and compares what has already been published on a particular topic. It allows the author to synthesize and place into context the research and scholarly literature relevant to the topic. It helps map the different approaches to a given question and reveals patterns. It forms the foundation for the author’s subsequent research and justifies the significance of the new investigation.

A literature review can be a short introductory section of a research article or a report or policy paper that focuses on recent research. Or, in the case of dissertations, theses, and review articles, it can be an extensive review of all relevant research.

• The format is usually a bibliographic essay; sources are briefly cited within the body of the essay, with full bibliographic citations at the end.
• The introduction should define the topic and set the context for the literature review. It will include the author's perspective or point of view on the topic, how they have defined the scope of the topic (including what's not included), and how the review will be organized. It can point out overall trends, conflicts in methodology or conclusions, and gaps in the research.
• In the body of the review, the author should organize the research into major topics and subtopics. These groupings may be by subject, (e.g., globalization of clothing manufacturing), type of research (e.g., case studies), methodology (e.g., qualitative), genre, chronology, or other common characteristics. Within these groups, the author can then discuss the merits of each article and analyze and compare the importance of each article to similar ones.
• The conclusion will summarize the main findings, make clear how this review of the literature supports (or not) the research to follow, and may point the direction for further research.
• The list of references will include full citations for all of the items mentioned in the literature review.

Key Questions for a Literature Review

A literature review should try to answer questions such as

• Who are the key researchers on this topic?
• What has been the focus of the research efforts so far and what is the current status?
• How have certain studies built on prior studies? Where are the connections? Are there new interpretations of the research?
• Have there been any controversies or debate about the research? Is there consensus? Are there any contradictions?
• Which areas have been identified as needing further research? Have any pathways been suggested?
• How will your topic uniquely contribute to this body of knowledge?
• Which methodologies have researchers used and which appear to be the most productive?
• What sources of information or data were identified that might be useful to you?
• How does your particular topic fit into the larger context of what has already been done?
• How has the research that has already been done help frame your current investigation ?

Examples of Literature Reviews

Example of a literature review at the beginning of an article: Forbes, C. C., Blanchard, C. M., Mummery, W. K., & Courneya, K. S. (2015, March). Prevalence and correlates of strength exercise among breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors . Oncology Nursing Forum, 42(2), 118+. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.sonoma.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=HRCA&sw=w&u=sonomacsu&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA422059606&asid=27e45873fddc413ac1bebbc129f7649c Example of a comprehensive review of the literature: Wilson, J. L. (2016). An exploration of bullying behaviours in nursing: a review of the literature.   British Journal Of Nursing ,  25 (6), 303-306. For additional examples, see:

Galvan, J., Galvan, M., & ProQuest. (2017). Writing literature reviews: A guide for students of the social and behavioral sciences (Seventh ed.). [Electronic book]

Pan, M., & Lopez, M. (2008). Preparing literature reviews: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (3rd ed.). Glendale, CA: Pyrczak Pub. [ Q180.55.E9 P36 2008]

Useful Links

• Write a Literature Review (UCSC)
• Literature Reviews (Purdue)
• Literature Reviews: overview (UNC)
• Review of Literature (UW-Madison)

Evidence Matrix for Literature Reviews

The  Evidence Matrix  can help you  organize your research  before writing your lit review.  Use it to  identify patterns  and commonalities in the articles you have found--similar methodologies ?  common  theoretical frameworks ? It helps you make sure that all your major concepts covered. It also helps you see how your research fits into the context  of the overall topic.

• Evidence Matrix Special thanks to Dr. Cindy Stearns, SSU Sociology Dept, for permission to use this Matrix as an example.
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Top 160 Criminal Justice Research Topics for Students

Table of contents

• 1 What is a research paper in criminal justice?
• 2 Basic Criminal Justice Research Topics
• 3 Controversial Criminal Justice Research Topics
• 4 Criminal Justice Research Topics to Provoke Debate
• 5 Juvenile Justice Research Topics
• 6 Research Topics on Criminal Behavior
• 7 Criminal Investigation Research Topics
• 8 Criminal Justice System Research Topics
• 9 International Crimes Research Topics
• 10 Racism and Discrimination Criminal Justice Research Topics
• 11 Court Cases Research Topics
• 12 Crime and Victimization Research Topics
• 13 Criminology Theories Research Topics
• 14.1 Conclusion

What is a research paper in criminal justice?

The best way to gain more data or information is via research. Research is an important tool that can be used in the subject one is studying and criminal justice research paper topics. A paper in criminal justice is comprehensive writing by scholars to argue for a situation, usually criminal. This paper is different from other types of research papers It requires an investigation of case studies and real-life situations. Many research paper topics on criminal justice can help students write their essays.

Research on criminal justice helps students and professionals alike to gain an in-depth understanding of the field. It also helps government officials who work in law enforcement, discipline, and crime prevention to do their job well.

In-depth study or research on criminal justice helps bridge the rift between the existing practice within the profession. The progression in recent knowledge.

Criminal justice research enables students to become critical thinkers. This makes them evaluate policies based on evidence and facts.

Criminal justice research topic ideas also inspire scholars to challenge intrinsic prejudice. Also, assumptions by cross-checking data objectively. Students may not always have the time to write their research papers by themselves. This can be due to loads of other assignments and impending deadlines. They can easily buy a research paper for their coursework in such situations. This article looks at many paper topics in criminal justice.

Here is a list of captivating and provoking criminal justice research proposal topics that students can work on. PapersOwl experts can help with choosing the best topic and writing a stunning paper.

Basic Criminal Justice Research Topics

When it comes to choosing research topics , students can easily run out of ideas. These are easy criminal justice research topics for college students.

• How reliable is eyewitness testimony? Should eyewitness statements be allowed in court? Who should be considered an eyewitness?
• The relationship between police and people of different races. Does the media present police violence against people of colour appropriately?
• Methods for preventing international drug trafficking. How should law enforcement agencies handle trafficking cases? What should be the punishment for drug trafficking?
• Crime during emergencies. Do public emergencies give room for criminal activities?
• Gender disparity in the criminal justice system. How can both genders be treated fairly? To what extent can gender equality be exercised?
• Solitary confinement. What is the impact of solitary confinement on prisoners?
• The efficiency of drug courts. Do drug courts help or hurt addicts?
• Domestic violence. Why are women more likely to be victims? What should happen to minors of abusive parents?
• Capital punishment. Is capital punishment a violation of human rights? What crimes deserve capital punishment?
• Bail. What criminal offenses should be granted bail? What is the maximum that can be charged as bail?
• The role of social media in influencing crime trends
• Rehabilitation vs. Punishment: analyzing the effectiveness of different justice approaches
• Understanding the psychological drivers behind criminal behavior
• Cybercrime: emerging trends and law enforcement strategies
• Gender dynamics in the criminal justice system
• Challenges faced by law enforcement in combatting drug trafficking
• Patterns and detection methods in white-collar crime
• Building trust through community policing and its impact on crime reduction
• Interaction between mental health issues and the criminal justice system
• Modern-day slavery: the global challenge of human trafficking
• Restorative justice: methods for rebuilding communities after crime

Controversial Criminal Justice Research Topics

Certain topics lead to controversies in the field. Controversial topics should be able to lead to extensive discussions on the situation. Students who have a tough time choosing a topic can find research papers for sale online. Some controversial criminal justice topics include:

• Cyberbullying. Where should the line be drawn between freedom of speech and cyberbullying?
• Jail structures. Why and how should female jails differ from male ones? What are the dangers of mixed prisons?
• Hate crime. What is the history of hate crime in the United States of America? How severe should the punishment for hate crimes be?
• Serial killers. Should serial killers be tried as mentally unstable? Should serial killers be charged with capital punishment?
• Pornography. Can pornography be considered sexual abuse? Can porn sites be sued for pop-up pornographic images and ads?
• Police shootings. In what situations are the police allowed to shoot? What is the punishment for shooting an innocent person?
• Carrying concealed weapons. Should there be punishment for carrying weapons? What is considered self-defence?
• Murder and homicide. What is the difference between murder and homicide? Should the punishment for murder and homicide be equal?
• Reform vs. punishment: which one has more benefits?

Need help with research paper writing? Get your paper written by a professional writer Get Help Reviews.io 4.9/5

Criminal Justice Research Topics to Provoke Debate

There are research topics for criminal justice topic ideas that lead to debate and analysis. Such topics make sense from different angles, depending on your perspective. Examples of topics that spring debates are:

• Self-defense. Where to draw the line between self-defense and premeditated crime. Should there be a punishment for self-defense?
• Prostitution. Should prostitution be considered a crime? Should there be a minimum wage for prostitutes?
• Stalking. Should stalking be considered a violation of human rights? Should stalking punishable by the law?
• Child abuse. What is the line between discipline and child abuse? Should the state take minors away from abusive parents?
• Sexual abuse. Should BDSM be considered sexual abuse? Can sexual abuse occur between a married couple?
• The impact of prison on children of incarcerated individuals. Who cares for the children of incarcerated people? How does foster and kinship care affect these children?
• Media. To what extent should the media show domestic violence?
• Drunk driving is a serious offense. What should be the penalty for driving when inebriated? Should an intoxicated driver be charged with first-degree murder in the event of a tragic accident?
• Body camera. Is the use of body cams by the police an intrusion of privacy?
• Homicide and murder. Is homicide murder?

Juvenile Justice Research Topics

• Should minors be sent to jail? Should minors be charged with the death penalty? Is an 18-year-old an adult?
• What role does the juvenile justice system play in rehabilitating young offenders?
• Is the juvenile justice system effective in reducing juvenile delinquency rates?
• How does peer influence affect juvenile delinquency within different communities?
• What are the key differences between juvenile and adult sentencing in the justice system?
• How does the juvenile justice system address cases of serious juvenile offenses?
• What impact does socioeconomic status have on involvement in juvenile delinquency?
• Is there a link between mental health issues and juvenile delinquency?
• How does racial bias influence outcomes within the juvenile justice system?
• What alternative measures to incarceration exist within the juvenile justice system?
• How do family dynamics contribute to juvenile delinquency, and what can the justice system do to mitigate this?

Research Topics on Criminal Behavior

• How do socioeconomic factors influence criminal behavior in urban areas?
• What are the emerging trends in criminology research topics for understanding youth crime?
• What role does forensic psychology play in criminal investigations?
• How do organized crime networks adapt to modern law enforcement techniques?
• What psychological traits are commonly identified through criminal profiling of serial offenders?
• How effective are current crime prevention strategies in reducing recidivism rates?
• What is the relationship between substance abuse and violent crime in low-income communities?
• How does social learning theory explain the development of criminal behavior in adolescents?
• What impact do high-profile criminal investigations have on public perceptions of crime?
• How do criminal organizations leverage technology to evade law enforcement?

Criminal Investigation Research Topics

Criminology topic ideas will help students understand crime theories better. Below are topics are drawn from different areas of criminology.

• What do ex-convicts have to say about criminology for convicts? Is the state prepared to assist ex-convicts who have completed their sentences?
• Is punishment a deterrence to crime in criminal justice theory?
• False conceptions about crime and criminal justice are debunked through media criminology. Fake news and how to handle it.
• Criminality is a result of culture, according to cultural criminology. What kinds of cultural traditions are compatible with criminal behavior?
• According to cultural transmission theory, how are criminal norms conveyed in social contact?
• Does fear of penalty deter individuals from committing crimes? Is that anything that should be taken into account in a court of law?
• The rational choice theory explains how the perpetrator’s personal goals are connected with their criminal behaviour.
• How prevalent criminal theories marginalize women, according to feminist criminology.
• Minorities and people who deviate from social norms are negatively branded.
• Life-course criminology is the study of how events in one’s life influence criminal behaviour.

Criminal Justice System Research Topics

This criminal justice research topic enables students to investigate the judicial system and evaluate the current policies. Some of these criminal justice research questions include:

• Firing gun: how to determine whether it was deliberate or happened by accident? On what grounds should the police fire a gun.
• Cybercrime: what is the legal perspective of cybercrime? Is cyberbullying a cybercrime?
• Internet vigilantism: can revenge leaks be considered a criminal offence.
• Hate crime on the Internet: what are the policies against revenge leaks, trolling, and defamation?
• Crime and justice in mass media. How does the media influence the system?
• Kidnapping and ransom: what are common features and behaviour patterns?
• Sex offender registry: what are the pros and cons?
• The theories of deterrence rational choice: are they relevant in the modern justice system?
• Sexual assault. What is the punishment for sexual assault in schools and workplaces?
• Jury selection: how is it performed? What is the requirement for selecting members?
• Comparative analysis of substance-related crimes in urban vs. rural settings
• Influence of peer pressure on youth involvement in criminal activities
• Cultural influences on attitudes toward crime and punishment
• Ethical considerations and implications of predictive policing technologies

If you’re struggling to find the time or resources to complete a research paper in criminal justice, paying someone to write your research paper may seem like a viable option. However, it’s important to ensure that the service you use is reputable and trustworthy, as it’s essential to know the research paper will be written in a professional and reliable way. Doing research on the service provider to make sure they have experience in the field is highly recommended before making a decision.

International Crimes Research Topics

This criminal justice research topic has to do with domestic criminal laws and international crimes. Here are examples of international crimes topics for criminal justice research.

• International Criminal Court (ICC): The role of the ICC in the fight against crimes against humanity.
• International intervention. Define and analyze the effectiveness of intervention with examples.
• War crimes. How are other states tried for committing a crime against humanity in another state?
• Plea bargaining in international criminal law.
• International justice and peace. How can countries and international organizations make the world more just and peaceful? How should international organizations intervene in countries’ situations?
• International justice and human rights violations. What is a just society in the global context?
• International criminal law. What are the history, source, and objectives of international criminal laws?
• Feminism. A feminist’s point of view of international criminal laws.
• Child soldiers in Africa. Discuss the facts, history, and why they become soldiers at that age.
• International criminal laws treaties. Research various international criminal laws treaties and tell your reader what they entail.

Racism and Discrimination Criminal Justice Research Topics

The issues of racism and discrimination are still prevalent in society. The following topics can be researched to investigate the situation appropriately.

• Systemic bias. How does it affect criminal justice as well as the system?
• Minority groups. How is criminal justice affected by the discriminatory depiction of minorities in the media?
• Racial profiling: how minority groups are targeted based on ethnicity and race.
• African-Americans: how are racism and discrimination more towards them?
• Racial profiling: The disadvantages.
• The UK Court System. Is the UK court system discriminatory?
• The US Court System. Is the US court system discriminatory?
• Class Discrimination. What is societal class discrimination?
• Does the crime rate depend on the neighborhood?
• Corporate crime: who constitutes the ruling class? What are corporate crimes?
• The impact of racial profiling on law enforcement practices
• Examining the influence of implicit bias on criminal justice outcomes
• Racial disparities in sentencing: causes and consequences
• Disparities in arrest rates among different racial groups
• Socioeconomic status and its effect on racial disparities within the criminal justice system
• Racial disparities in the juvenile justice system: causes and solutions
• Impact of racial bias in jury selection and trial outcomes
• Overrepresentation of minorities in prisons: causes and effects
• Racial bias in interactions with probation and parole officers

Court Cases Research Topics

There are common criminal cases that are tried in court. Some topics about include:

• What is the difference between civil and criminal cases?
• Felony: when do disenfranchisement laws apply?
• Are organized crime and corruption the same thing?
• Victim services: can crime victims get any help?
• Prison rape and violence: how can sexual and domestic violence be prevented in prison?
• Forensics: how effective is forensics science in modern criminal justice.
• Shoplifting: how serious are shoplifting cases?
• Protection Program: who is eligible, and what type of protection is offered?
• Date rape: what type of legal assistance is available to victims?
• Substance use, abuse, and crime: does one cause a trigger for the other?

Crime and Victimization Research Topics

Crime And victimization are captivating aspects of criminology. Several research and surveys have been done better to understand this field over the last few years. Below are some intriguing crime and victimization research topics for college students to consider.

• Crime and victimization among ethnic minorities: this paper will take an interesting look into how minor ethnicities experience crime and victimization in society.
• The victimization of females in the workplace: researchers explore the treatment of females in an especially male-dominated workspace and how it affects them.
• Political opposition: how the oppositions are victimized. Political oppositions in many countries are seen as threats by the ruling powers.
• Criminal victimization of the elderly – the elderly are mostly defenseless and, as a result, the targets of criminals.
• Victimization on campus – how college students are victimized on campus.
• Victimization in prisons and correctional facilities – are inmates subject to harassment and various form of physical abuse?
• Racial profiling and victimization – is racial profiling a thing? How does it affect the individuals of the race?
• Domestic violence: the victimization of romantic partners physically or emotionally.
• Sexual harassment and stalking.
• Cyberbullying, cybercrime, and victimization.
• The influence of family dynamics on criminal behavior among youth
• Understanding political corruption: types, impacts, and prevention measures
• Counterterrorism strategies and their effectiveness against emerging terrorist tactics

Criminology Theories Research Topics

Several criminology theories exist. This research covers how these theories are interpreted, used, and discovered. Some topics that cover this include:

• Theoretical integration of criminology theories – two criminology theories are better than one and how they can be integrated.
• Biological theory; how biological factors affect crime – Are some individuals more predisposed to cringe than others, and do biological factors play an important role.
• Deterrence theory: crime and the fear of punishment – are crimes with severe punishments less rampant than those with less punishment; how the freezer of punishment deters crime.
• Theory of rational choice – people restore to criminal behaviour because it is the best option.
• Advancement of criminology theories – how knowledge of criminal theories could be furthered.
• Social theory: how good socialization affects crime – are people around criminals predisposed to crime?
• How criminal behaviours are learned through observation: social learning theory: are criminal behaviours learned through observation of criminals or not?
• Self-control theory: how effective self-control affects crime rate – are individuals with better self-control less likely to be involved in crime? Is crime a resume of a lack of self-control?
• Theory of Routine activities- do daily routines affect criminal behaviours.
• Ownership of arms. Is this regarded as a law violation?

Reasonable Criminology Research Topics

Other reasonable criminology topics for students to explore are:

• Criminology as a social science – how criminology Is a social science because it deals with social science issues.
• Implications of hate crime: hate crime and how it affects the victims and society. Are the punishments effective in deterring hate crimes?
• Tracing the roots of criminology from ancient times – a history of criminology.
• Of crimes among age groups: how criminal behaviours vary among ages.
• Effects of childhood upbringing on the crime rate in society – does a child’s upbringing affect the crime rate in society? Are criminals a result of a bad childhood upbringing?
• The Portrayal of Serial killers in media – how serial killers are portrayed in the media and how it affects serial killers.
• Crime vs punishment – how punishment relates to crime and its deterrence.
• How does society affect drug abuse – is society to be blamed for drug abuse?
• Literacy vs Illiteracy and its effect on criminal behaviour: does literacy or Illiteracy affect criminals? Are literates less likely to commit crimes than illiterates?
• Gender bias in investigations. Does one gender receive better judgment than the other?
• Environmental factors that create crime hotspots
• The impact of urban design on crime prevention: crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)
• Cost-benefit analysis of crime prevention strategies: the economics of crime
• Utilizing geographic information systems (GIS) for crime mapping and prevention
• Exploring biological factors as explanations for criminal behavior
• The role of sociology in understanding crime and deviance

There are quite a number of areas you can conduct research in criminal justice. You may choose to focus on one particular area, or even multiple areas, depending on your research paper’s requirements. You will, however, need to ensure you do sufficient research for your work to be relevant. To make the research process easier, you can enlist the help of a professional writing service to write a research paper for you . They can provide you with the necessary resources and expertise to ensure that your paper is well-researched and accurate.

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Cjus 4700: research methods in criminal justice: write a literature review.

• Introduction
• Select a Topic
• Search the Literature
• Find Statistics
• Write a Literature Review
• Use APA Style

Literature Review Process online guide

The Literature Review Process guide explains what a literature review is and provides instructions on how to write one.

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CRJ 400 - Criminal Justice Research Methods

What is a literature review, visualizing a literature review.

• Becoming Familiar with Research about Your Topic
• Finding Books about Criminal Justice Topics
• Criminal Justice Databases for Scholarly Articles
• Databases in Related Fields
• Interlibrary Loan
• Making an APA-Formatted Bibliography in EndNote: Essentials
• Librarian Assistance

• Many thanks to library colleagues at Upland University in South Carolina.
•  CRJU U361 - Criminal Justice Research Methods
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CRJU U361 - Criminal Justice Research Methods: Literature Review

• Brainstorming
• Literature Review
• Reference Sources
• Criminal Justice Journals
• Articles & Databases
• Internet Searching
• APA 7th Style Examples
• More about APA 7th Ed.

What is a Literature Review?

A Literature Review is a systematic and comprehensive analysis of books, scholarly articles, and other sources relevant to a specific topic providing a base of knowledge on a topic. Literature reviews are designed to identify and critique the existing literature on a topic to justify your research by exposing gaps in current research. This investigation should provide a description, summary, and critical evaluation of works related to the research problem and should also add to the overall knowledge of the topic as well as demonstrating how your research will fit within a larger field of study. A literature review should offer a critical analysis of the current research on a topic and that analysis should direct your research objective. This should not be confused with a book review or an annotated bibliography both research tools but very different in purpose and scope. A Literature Review can be a stand-alone element or part of a larger end product, know your assignment. The key to a good Literature Review is to document your process.

Literature Review LibGuide

To see the Full Literature Review Guide click here

There is SO much more information on the full LibGuide for Literature Reviews Please make sure to click over to that LibGuide for more examples, explanations, and hints.

Elements in a Literature Review

• Elements in a Literature Review txt of infographic

Critical Evaluation

Process of a literature review.

The process of writing a literature review is not necessarily a linear process, you will often have to loop back and refine your topic, try new searches and altar your plans. The info graphic above illustrates this process.  It also reminds you to continually keep track of your research by citing sources and creating a bibliography.

• Know what the review is for; each assignment will offer the purpose for the review.  For example, is it for “background”, or a “pro and con discussion”, "integration", “summarizing”, etc.
• Create a “search plan”, decide where you will search for information, what type of information you will need.
• Research   - Preform Searches; choose sources and collect information to use in your paper.  Make sure you cite the sources used.
• Think  - Analyze information in a systematic manner and begin your literature review (e.g., summarize, synthesize, etc.). Make sure you cite the sources used.
• Complete  - Write your paper, proof & revise and create your finished bibliography.

Literature Review Places to Look

Help from other universities.

Help and tips in writing a Review of Literature ​

• Learn How to Write a Review of Literature - University of Wisconsin-Madison Writing Center Learn How to Write a Review of Literature - From the University of Wisconsin-Madison Writing Center.
• Literature Reviews - UNC Chapel Hill Writing Center
• The Literature Review: A Few Tips on Conducting It
• Writing a Literature Review by Temple University
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CRJU374: Criminal Justice Research Methods: What is a Literature Review?

• What is a Scholarly Journal?
• What is an Empirical Article?
• What is a Literature Review?
• Statistics & Websites
• APA Citation Style
• Interlibrary Loan & SUNY Resource Sharing
• Ask-A-Librarian

What is a Literature Review or Review Article?

• Fink, A. (1998). Conducting Research Literature Reviews . London: Sage Publications.

According to Arlene Fink,   a literature review is a "systematic, explicit, and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating, and interpreting the existing body of recorded work produced by researchers scholars and practicioners."

• Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1997). Writing narrative literature reviews. Review Of General Psychology , 1(3), 311-320. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.1.3.311

Baumeister and Leary state that, "Literature reviews serve a scientific field by providing a  much-needed bridge between the vast and scattered assortment of articles on a topic and the reader who does not have time or resources to track them down." 

Literature Review Resources

• Literature Reviews from Palgrave Key Concepts: Key Concepts in Business and Management Research Methods Contains: an overview of Literature Reviews and their purpose and methods for creating a Literature Review. This source comes from the perspective of Business and Management research, but contains advice which can be applied broadly.
• Writing a Literature Review from Purdue OWL

Types of Literature Review Articles

Narrative Review - assessment and summary of research completed on a specific topic

Systematic Review-  assesses and summarizes research on a specifc topic using a standardized methodology to gather and evaluate the research studies

Meta-Synthesis-  a qualitative review of research studies which synthesizes information from multiple studies on a specific topic

Meta-Analysis- a quantitative review of research studies which gathers together and analyzes data from multiple studies on a specifc topic

View These Example Articles

• Knowles, S. E., Toms, G., Sanders, C., Bee, P., Lovell, K., Rennick-Egglestone, S., & ... Bower, P. (2014). Qualitative meta-synthesis of user experience of computerised therapy for depression and anxiety. Plos ONE , 9(1), doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0
• Kuss, D. J. (2013). Internet gaming addiction: Current perspectives. Psychology Research & Behavior Management , 6125-137. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S39476
• Sadri, G. (2012). Emotional intelligence and leadership development. Public Personnel Management , 41(3), 535-548. doi:10.1177/009102601204100308
• Scott, K. A., Roberts, J. A., & Glennen, S. (2011). How well do children who are internationally adopted acquire language? A meta-analysis. Journal Of Speech, Language, And Hearing Research , 54(4), 1153-1169. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2010/10-0075)
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Criminology - Research Guide: Sources for Lit Reviews

• Getting started
• Sources for Lit Reviews
• Gray literature collections
• Crime Rates
• Corrections
• Law Enforcement & Courts

Lit Review Sources

Journals featuring literature reviews.

• Annual Reviews Articles are lengthy literature reviews with BIG bibliographies. Useful for both the text summary and the citations for further reading. Includes Annual Review of Criminology , Annual Review of Law and Social Science and Annual Review of Sociology. HINT! Use the "Advanced Search" link in the upper right corner of the startup window. This permits searching in title, abstract, and keywords only and in specific journals.
• Crime & Justice. 1979- . A journal composed of literature review on criminal justice topics, published annually.
• Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Penn's house journal since 1889, Ann AAPSS publishes single-topic issues six times per year. Recent issues on criminology and criminal justice have been: • Fatal police shootings : patterns, policy, and prevention . Ann AAPSS 687 (January 2020). • Regulating crime : the new criminology of crime control . Ann AAPSS 679 (September 2018). • Migrant smuggling as a collective strategy and insurance policy : views from the margins . Ann AAPSS 676 (March 2018). • The Middle East and regional transition, terrorism, and countering violent extremism : what the next President will face . Ann AAPSS 668 (November 2016). • Tough on crime, tough on families? Criminal justice and family life in America . Ann AAPSS 665 (May 2016). • The great experiment : realigning criminal justice in California and beyond . Ann AAPSS 664 (March 2016).
• Advances in Criminological Theory. 1989- . Print volumes, some e-books. Single-topic volumes.
• Criminal Justice History. 19 vols. 1980-2003. Print only, now ceased. Published by John Jay Press for the Crime and Justice History Group.
• Translational Criminology. 2009- . Published by the Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, George Mason University. More a report on current research projects in evidence-based crime policy than a journal of literature reviews.
• Sociology of Crime, Law, and Deviance An ebook series, each volume focused on a specific topic. Recent volumes include Methods of Criminology and Criminal Justice Research; Race, Ethnicity and Law; The Politics of Policing; and Punishment and Incarceration : a Global Perspective.

Best practices and systematic reviews databases

• The Campbell Collaboration See The Campbell Library for published systematic reviews of interventions in crime and justice, as well as social welfare, education, and international development. Campbell systematic reviews also appear in the open-access ejournal, Campbell Systematic Reviews .
• CrimeSolutions.gov / National Institute of Justice Web-based clearinghouse of more than 500 evaluated programs and practices.
• Model Programs Guide / Office of Juvenile Justice & Delinquency Prevention Identifies evidence-based juvenile justice and youth prevention, intervention, and reentry programs. Provides a finely-detailed topics list.
• What Works in Reentry Clearinghouse / Council of State Governments Scores specific reentry programs and practices for beneficial harmful evidence.
• Evidence-based practice online resources / Justice Research and Statistics Association Link list of government, academic, and nonprofit programs.

Dissertations

Every dissertation should include a literature review, to demonstrate how the dissertation fits into the research landscape.

• ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Searches doctoral dissertations, an excellent source for lit reviews.
• NCJRS Abstracts / National Criminal Justice Reference Service. c.1970- . Describes 220,000+ research reports, journal articles, and government documents relating to crime, law enforcement, and the justice system. Many fulltext documents and US Dept of Justice gray literature. HINT! Use the Advanced Search page's "Source Type" filter option for "Literature review", "Best practice/state-of-the-art review", "Issue overview", "Guideline", "Overview text" and other lit review-like genres. HINT! Use the NCJRS Thesaurus to find subject terms.
• Criminal Justice Abstracts with Full Text. 1968- . Abstracts of the scholarly literature and applied literature on criminology and related disciplines. Many citations also include fulltext. Reflects materials received at the Gottfredson Library (formerly Criminal Justice/National Council on Crime and Delinquency Library), Rutgers University Library, Newark.
• Index to Legal Periodicals (Current & Retrospective). 1908- . An excellent tool for tackling the enormous law review, legal yearbook, bar association, and government legal publications literature from the U.S., Canada, U.K., Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. For foreign legal research, consider using Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals (1985- ).
• Sociological Abstracts. 1963- . From across the field of sociology, useful subject terms include "crime rates," "recidivism," "victim offender relations," and "family violence." . Recently absorbed Social Services Abstracts, adding coverage for social work and social services journals.
• Gray Literature Database. (Gottfredson Library of Criminal Justice, Rutgers Univ.) A supplement to Criminal Justice Abstracts , describing technical reports, working papers, government and agency reports, and conference proceedings - that is, information not commercially published - available online or at the Gottfredson Library. CrimDoc is a similar gray literature database from Univ of Toronto.
• HeinOnline Legal research database containing fulltext documents organized into collections. New collections include Gun Regulation & Legislation in America and History of Capital Punishment.
• PsycINFO. 1887- . Published by American Psychological Association. Comprehensive coverage of the psychological research literature. HINT! The Advanced Search page has a "Methodology" search option filter - select "Literature Review" , "Meta Analysis" , and "Systematic Review" .

Guides and Tips for Writing Literature Reviews

• "How to write a literature review" / Andrew S Denney & Richard Tewksbury Journal of Criminal Justice Education 24, 2 (2013): 218-324 (via HeinOnline).
• "Doing a literature review" / Jeffrey W Knopf PS: Political Science & Politics 39, 1 (January 2006): 127-132 (via Cambridge Journals Online).
• Systematic approaches to a successful literature review / Andrew Booth. (SAGE, 2012) Print only.
• The literature review: a step-by-step guide for students / Diana Ridley. (2nd ed. SAGE, 2012) Print only.
• Preparing Literature Reviews in the Social Sciences (Penn Libraries guide) Needs updating, but still useful for suggestions.

Reference works

Reference works make excellent starting points for research; they provide concise articles on key topics by scholars of the field, often accompanied by suggestions for further reading. The sources listed below are print volumes shelved in the Van Pelt Library Reference Stacks , on the first floor of Van Pelt, unless otherwise noted.

• Compendium of Research on violence against women, 1993-2016. (National Institute of Justice, 2017) Annually-updated reference work describing every NIJ-funded research project on violence against women since 1993.

• ASC Division on Corrections & Sentencing Handbook Series Ebook series sponsored by the American Society of Criminology.

• Elsevier's dictionary of criminal science, in eight languages : English/American, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, Swedish, and German. Call Number: Available online Publication Date: Elsevier, 1960
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Criminal justice research methodology: research guides | utc library.

• Click Here for CRMJ Library Instruction Module

This module should take you 30 minutes to complete. It will walk you through the process of using Criminal Justice Abstracts database for your research. Click the blue button above to begin.

Below is information about how to conduct a literature review. 

After submitting the Library Instruction Module, feel free to review:

• What is Empirical Research
• What is a Literature Review?
• Where Should I Search?

Choose the Best Keywords

Build a search strategy.

• Literature Review Matrix
• Formulate a Question
• Using SAGE Research Methods

What is Empirical Research?

Empirical research is based on observed and measured phenomena and derives knowledge from actual experience rather than from theory or belief. 

How do you know if a study is empirical? Read the subheadings within the article, book, or report and look for a description of the research "methodology." Ask yourself: Could I recreate this study and test these results?

Key characteristics to look for:

• Specific research questions  to be answered
• Definition of the  population, behavior, or   phenomena  being studied
• Description of the  process  used to study this population or phenomena, including selection criteria, controls, and testing instruments (such as surveys)

Another hint: some scholarly journals use a specific layout, called the "IMRaD" format, to communicate empirical research findings. Such articles typically have 4 components:

• Introduction : sometimes called "literature review" -- what is currently known about the topic -- usually includes a theoretical framework and/or discussion of previous studies
• Methodology:  sometimes called "research design" -- how to recreate the study -- usually describes the population, research process, and analytical tools
• Results : sometimes called "findings"  --  what was learned through the study -- usually appears as statistical data or as substantial quotations from research participants
• Discussion : sometimes called "conclusion" or "implications" -- why the study is important -- usually describes how the research results influence professional practices or future studies

You should also see an  Abstract , or short summary, and a  References  section with all of the works cited in the article.

Where Should I Search? ​

Criminal Justice Abstracts

Criminal Justice Abstracts is the top recommended database for the field of Criminal Justice. Find it at the top of the Criminal Justice Research Guide, or follow these directions:

• Click  Databases  button on the library's homepage 
• Search for  Criminal Justice Abstracts , or limit by subject to Criminal Justice  and it will be in the top results.

Other places to search:

Find relevant, interdisciplinary research. Note the "cited by" feature, which is helpful for identifying impactful research.

If it has more of a criminal justice lens, this database may be useful.

Criminal Justice Database

Why are keywords important?

By this point in your college career, you have had a chance to search library databases. You understand that you need  keywords  (not sentences) when you search a database. However, using criminal justice related keywords might be new territory.

Natural Language vs. Database Language

Natural language refers to the common way that we speak in everyday life. Database language refers to how a database classifies a concept and is usually very technical and academic in nature. Though most databases are great at matching natural language entered with database terminology, it’s important for you to begin recognizing specialized terminology. Some examples include:

Where to Find Synonyms

• The Internet : Is your search term or concept called anything else? Look it up in an online encyclopedia to find out. For example, in the Wikipedia entry for "hypertension", the synonym high blood pressure is quickly identified in the opening sentence. This is true for most Wikipedia entries for social science and medical terminology. It is Wikipedia, so exercise caution when using this as a background reading source.
• Other background sources:  You can also easily find synonyms in other background sources, including your lecture notes, textbooks, and print encyclopedias (yes, they still exist!).
• Use database subject headings:  If you run a search and find a good article, look at the subject terms listed by the database. Use those terms in subsequent searches. 
• Start with your research question: Are there sentencing disparities for the same crime based on the gender of the perpetrator?
• Sort out the major terms. In this case:   sentencing  AND  disparities  AND  gender

Synonyms and related terms for the word sentencing:

Prison sentences

Criminal sentencing 

Synonyms and related terms for gender might include:

Now that you've formulated a research question and developed some keywords, it's time to create a search strategy. Each of the following sections will help you build and properly conduct your search.

Search Operators (AND, OR, & NOT)

These operators can be used in Library databases, but also work really well in Google! They are important for creating efficient, effective searches.

​Phrase Searching

Use quotation marks to search for phrases. Phrase searching is excellent when the desired result is specificity.

Google Site Searching

Google site searching can help search across various government websites or can help you better search poorly indexed websites. Site searches should be typed into the browser search bar (where the web address is located). 

Site Searching by URL

• site:URL plus search terms

Site Searching by Domain

To keep organized while you research, you should start a spreadsheet for yourself. Add columns for the citation (including the URL of the article), and once you read it, track the authors' research question, methods, findings and themes. You will see themes or facts emerge as you read more and more articles. 

Here's an example Literature Review Matrix for you to view. Download a sample matrix as an Excel file and edit with your own sources.

A research question is the question around which you center your research. It should be:

• clear : it provides enough specifics that one’s audience can easily understand its purpose without needing additional explanation.
• focused : it is narrow enough that it can be answered thoroughly in the space the writing task allows.
• concise : it is expressed in the fewest possible words.
• complex : it is not answerable with a simple “yes” or “no,” but rather requires synthesis and analysis of ideas and sources prior to composition of an answer.
• arguable : its potential answers are open to debate rather than accepted facts.

You should ask a question about an issue that you are genuinely curious and/or passionate about.

When deciding on a research question, follow these steps:

• Background research - use Google to find articles about the topic you are interested in.
• READ - read a few articles.
• Keep track - write down keywords, related phrases, synonyms that are used while reading up on your topic. Keep track of what keyword combinations you use.
• Explore perspectives-  What viewpoints or angles surround your topic?

Example topic: United States incarceration rates

Example Perspective: United states incarceration rates due to drug convictions 

Example perspective: United states incarceration rates and juvenile offenders

You should be able to brainstorm several perspectives or angles for your topic. Is there a psychological issue? Legal issue? Policing issue? Identify whichever perspective interests you most and focus on that for your research question.

Example Research Question:

Are the current incarceration policies in line with public perception of incarceration for drug related crimes?

SAGE Research Methods

SAGE Research Methods is a how-to database. It is  not  where you go to find articles, instead, it's where you can find resources to help you become a better researcher. 

Some highlights:

• Project Planner- provides articles on each step of the research process, from designing a research question to analyzing and presenting results
• Methods- provides information about the most common research methods used, including surveys, interviews, and observational research
• Which Stats Test?- provides a short quiz to help you select the write statistical tool for the research you are trying to conduct, and provides information about statistics.

SAGE Research Methods has relevant information about using SPSS, conducting interviews, best practices for creating survey questions, and tons of case studies that you could model your own work on.

Additional research tutorials

Evaluating Sources

Avoiding Plagiarism

How to Read a Scholarly Article

A note about citations:

When using citations generated by the databases or a citation generating software  always double check  that the citation is accurate. The APA’s style site includes reference examples for the most commonly cited formats.

• APA Style Guide Examples
• Criminal Justice Research Guide
• Make an Appointment

Finding Data

Data and Statistics Guide

Find data in library databases and freely available resources across disciplines, time periods, and geographies. This guide also provides strategies for searching for data beyond the linked resources.

• Last Updated: Aug 12, 2024 3:31 PM
• URL: https://guides.lib.utc.edu/crmj3110

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Criminal Justice Research Topics To Impress Your Teacher

Updated 25 Jul 2024

According to statistics, criminal justice takes honorary second place after general Law assignments in terms of assignment difficulty. Just like Healthcare and Nursing, this type of writing requires definite accuracy and sufficient sources that support ideas and arguments. Since first task is to find reliable criminal justice research topics, it puts students in challenging situation where most topics are either too broad or too narrow.

At EduBirdie, our expert writers came up with extensive list of 230 criminal justice ideas that will help you choose destination for future assignment paper. From list of basic criminal justice topics to international law, our experts can help you with any writing task, offering plagiarism free and timely, custom papers.

What is Criminal Justice Research Paper?

As name implies, criminal justice writing assignments deal with crime and justice. While your field of study may be limited to certain choices and academic barriers, it does not mean that social or ethical aspects are not relevant. Generally criminal justice is science that learns how to prevent, study, analyze occurrence of illegal acts.

From legislation rules to court studies, it aims to maintain peaceful existence of civil population. A very important aspect that should be noted when choosing good criminal justice research topics is that legislation differs from state to state, let alone from country to country, thus, it is essential to backup international case studies and conflicts with reliable sources.

Most college students that deal with law assignments have to write either article reviews or problem solutions papers that analyze existing challenge and offer most efficient resolution.

From good thesis statement for research paper to formatting structure, college professors want to see 50/50 mixture of scientific information that is already known and personal contribution. This is primary reason why each argumentative paragraph should be supported with sufficient amount of sources to avoid plagiarism risks. Even when personal investigation or research is done, one should support implemented analysis methods with academic journals that refer to similar subject.

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How to Choose a Good Research Topic Rules

Even if your task is to do literature review or critique law enforcement officer’s actions, one should always focus on definite issue. If ideas are scattered across paper, it does not make thesis statement clear. Criminology topics are both flexible and limited because they should offer hypothesis, based on famous legislative acts or case studies. Author should sound confident, therefore, select something that you are confident in, subject that can be defended with vocal arguments or presentation project. If it sounds credible, audience will definitely continue reading.

When brainstorming good ideas, ask such criminal justice research questions:

• Is criminal justice research topic good enough in terms of relevance?
• Why is it important in personal terms?
• What significance does research topic idea have in global importance?
• Can written assignment be turned to speech?
• Is it comparison essay, review, analysis or argumentative paper?
• What are popular counter opinions?
• Are there any similar research works available?
• Does topic meet all grading rubric points?
• Should additional information be included?

Once good criminal justice research topic is chosen, it is crucial to make sure that formatting rules include all additional data like in court case studies and law memo reviews that should contain notes and appendix additions. For example, Chicago format style has to include full information, therefore, it is necessary to see if it is available. If you struggle with finding of academic sources, message our 24/7  essay writing service  - EduBirdie.

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Criminology Disciplines

Before proceeding with diverse criminology topic ideas, it is important to understand differences between theoretical part and crime research assignments. While theory may turn to legislation and shouldn’t include practical cases or references in history, case study or court hearings analysis have to focus on particular event(s). Now when university professor mentions justice system flaws and changes, one can turn both to chronology and famous legal cases as it will be seen in ideas listed below. It should be analysis of what should be included in legislative government template and then compare case or an event to aforementioned example.

Disciplines in Law & Crime focus on illegal acts from Internet fraud to kidnapping and scientific plagiarism. As one can see, there are numerous criminal justice research topics, depending on type. What makes choosing confusing for most students are format differences between legal essay types. When choosing Healthcare, it is recommended to address ethical issues, while Cyberstalking should turn to comparison work by comparing classic stalking practices.

Avoid mixing several criminal justice research topic ideas, also try to narrow it down by choosing one strong argument. It will not only adjust to your discipline, but will make written assignment original, as well as structured.

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120 Criminal Justice Research Topics for an A Grade

This section contains ideas for criminal justice research paper topics on how judicial system works in practice. It can be compared to inner investigation where each mechanism is analyzed and evaluated for cons & pros. From specific crimes of police officer brutality cases to social services work, it should identify problem for an interesting thesis statement. Below are most relevant topics in criminal justice, sorted by study field:

Controversial Criminal Justice Research Topics

• The Morality and Effectiveness of the Death Penalty
• Racial Bias in Criminal Sentencing
• The Impact of Legalizing Recreational Drugs on Crime Rates
• Police Use of Force: Necessity or Excess?
• Juvenile Offenders and Adult Criminal Sentences
• The Ethics of Undercover Policing
• Gun Control Laws: Safety vs. Second Amendment Rights
• The Privatization of Prisons and Its Consequences
• The Criminalization of Homelessness
• Cybersecurity Laws and Individual Privacy
• The Role of Social Media in Inciting Violence
• Mandatory Minimum Sentencing: Justice or Injustice?
• The Effectiveness of Sex Offender Registries
• Criminal Responsibility and Mental Health Disorders
• The War on Drugs: Successes and Failures
• Human Trafficking and Global Law Enforcement
• The Use of DNA Evidence in Criminal Trials
• Capital Punishment for Non-Homicidal Crimes
• The Influence of Media on Public Perception of Crime
• Restorative Justice: An Alternative to Traditional Punishment Systems

Basic Criminal Justice Research Topics

• The History of Criminal Justice Systems
• The Role of Forensic Science in Criminal Investigations
• Community Policing Strategies and Their Effectiveness
• The Impact of Technology on Modern Law Enforcement
• Juvenile Delinquency: Causes and Prevention Strategies
• The Evolution of Criminal Law
• White-Collar Crime: Types and Legal Responses
• The Psychology of Criminal Behavior
• The Effects of Prison Overcrowding on Inmate Rehabilitation
• Eyewitness Testimony and Its Reliability in Court
• The Role of Probation and Parole in the Criminal Justice System
• Domestic Violence: Legal Frameworks and Support Systems
• Drug Courts and Their Role in Addressing Substance Abuse
• The Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on Crime Rates
• Cybercrime: Challenges and Legal Responses
• The Ethics of Interrogation Techniques
• The Impact of Media Coverage on Criminal Trials
• Hate Crimes: Legal Definitions and Prosecution
• The Role of Victim Advocacy in the Criminal Justice Process
• The Challenges of Cross-Border Criminal Investigations

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General Criminology Research Topics

• The Sociology of Crime: Understanding Criminal Behavior in Society
• Trends in Cybercrime and Digital Forensics
• The Impact of Economic Conditions on Crime Rates
• Environmental Criminology: The Role of Physical Spaces in Crime
• Organized Crime: Structure, Operations, and Impact
• The Psychology Behind Serial Killers and Mass Murderers
• Crime Prevention Strategies in Urban Areas
• The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Programs in Prisons
• The Role of Gender in Criminal Behavior and Justice
• Youth Gangs: Causes, Culture, and Crime Prevention
• The Intersection of Race, Class, and Crime
• The Influence of Substance Abuse on Criminal Behavior
• Human Trafficking: Global Patterns and Responses
• The Evolution of Terrorism and Counterterrorism Strategies
• The Impact of Immigration on Crime and Law Enforcement
• The Legal and Ethical Challenges of Surveillance Technologies
• White-Collar Crime: Detection and Prevention
• The Role of Mental Illness in Criminal Justice
• Victimology: The Study of Crime Victims and Their Rights
• The Future of Policing: Challenges and Innovations

Criminal Justice Research Topics on Racism & Discrimination

• Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement: Causes and Consequences
• The Disproportionate Incarceration Rates of Minority Groups
• The Impact of Race on Sentencing Decisions
• Systemic Racism in the Criminal Justice System
• Racial Disparities in Death Penalty Cases
• The Role of Race in Jury Selection and Deliberation
• Police Brutality and Racial Bias
• Hate Crimes: Legal Responses and Racial Motivations
• The Effect of Immigration Policies on Racial Profiling
• Racial Bias in Forensic Science
• The History of Racism in Policing
• The Influence of Race on Bail and Pretrial Detention
• Discrimination in Criminal Justice Hiring and Promotion Practices
• Racial Disparities in Juvenile Justice Systems
• The Role of Race in Eyewitness Identification
• The Intersection of Race and Class in Criminal Justice
• Racial Bias in Probation and Parole Decisions
• The Impact of Racial Stereotypes on Criminal Investigations
• The Representation of Minorities in Legal Education and the Profession
• Addressing Racial Discrimination in Community Policing Initiatives

Criminology Research Topics

• The Effectiveness of Crime Deterrence Strategies
• The Role of Education in Preventing Criminal Behavior
• Cybersecurity Threats and Law Enforcement Responses
• The Psychology of White-Collar Criminals
• The Impact of Social Media on Criminal Activities and Investigations
• The Relationship Between Drug Abuse and Criminal Behavior
• The Influence of Family Dynamics on Juvenile Delinquency
• The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation in Reducing Recidivism
• The Role of Genetics in Criminal Behavior
• The Impact of Urbanization on Crime Patterns
• The Effectiveness of Community-Based Crime Prevention Programs
• The Role of Mental Health in Criminal Justice
• The Impact of Globalization on Transnational Crime
• The Challenges of Policing in Multicultural Societies
• The Influence of Media on Public Perception of Crime and Criminals
• The Ethics and Effectiveness of Undercover Policing
• The Role of Forensic Psychology in Criminal Investigations
• The Impact of Poverty on Criminal Behavior
• The Evolution of Organized Crime
• The Challenges of Witness Protection Programs

Criminal Law Research Topics

• The Evolution of Criminal Law and Its Impact on Society
• Comparative Analysis of Criminal Law Systems Worldwide
• The Role of International Law in Combating Transnational Crime
• The Effectiveness of the Insanity Defense in Criminal Trials
• Cyber Law: Addressing New Age Cybercrimes
• Intellectual Property Theft and Legal Implications
• The Legal Challenges of Dealing with Online Hate Speech
• The Impact of Legal Reforms on Reducing Crime Rates
• The Ethics and Legality of Surveillance in Crime Prevention
• The Influence of Cultural Differences on Criminal Law
• The Role of Forensic Evidence in Modern Criminal Law
• Juvenile Justice: Balancing Rehabilitation and Punishment
• The Legal Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Crime
• The Use of DNA Evidence in Overturning Wrongful Convictions
• The Impact of Social Movements on Criminal Law Reforms
• The Challenges of Prosecuting International War Crimes
• The Legal and Ethical Issues of Coerced Confessions
• The Role of Victim Rights in Criminal Proceedings
• The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice in Criminal Law
• The Legal Challenges in Combating Human Trafficking and Modern Slavery

International Criminal Law Research Topics

• The Role of the International Criminal Court in Global Justice
• Prosecuting War Crimes: Challenges and Strategies
• The Impact of Global Treaties on National Criminal Law Systems
• Human Rights Violations and International Law Responses
• The Legal Challenges in Combating International Terrorism
• The Effectiveness of International Extradition Agreements
• Cybercrime Across Borders: International Legal Cooperation
• The Role of the United Nations in Enforcing International Criminal Law
• Piracy in International Waters: Legal Perspectives and Responses
• The Prosecution of Genocide in International Criminal Law
• Legal Challenges in Addressing Transnational Organized Crime
• The Use of International Sanctions to Combat State-Sponsored Crime
• The Evolution of International Drug Trafficking Laws
• The Jurisdictional Challenges of International Criminal Law
• The Impact of Cultural Diversity on International Criminal Proceedings
• Human Trafficking: International Legal Frameworks and Responses
• The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in International Criminal Law
• The Challenges of Implementing International Criminal Law in Conflict Zones
• The Intersection of International Criminal Law and Humanitarian Law
• The Legal Implications of State Sovereignty in International Criminal Enforcement

Criminal Justice Research Topics on Society & Justice

• The Social Impact of Mass Incarceration
• The Role of Education in Crime Prevention and Rehabilitation
• The Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Criminal Behavior
• Community Policing and Its Effectiveness in Building Trust
• The Impact of Social Inequality on Criminal Justice Outcomes
• The Role of Media in Shaping Public Perception of Crime and Justice
• Restorative Justice: Principles and Practice in Modern Societies
• The Effects of Urbanization on Crime and Law Enforcement Strategies
• The Relationship Between Mental Health and Criminal Behavior
• The Impact of Cultural Diversity on Criminal Justice Practices
• The Role of Social Movements in Criminal Justice Reform
• The Intersection of Gender and Crime in Society
• The Influence of Family Structure on Juvenile Delinquency
• The Stigmatization of Ex-Offenders in Society
• The Role of Victim Advocacy and Support in the Justice System
• The Impact of Drug Policy on Communities and Crime Rates
• The Role of Ethics in Criminal Justice Decision-Making
• The Social Consequences of Wrongful Convictions
• The Influence of Technology on Crime and Social Control
• The Relationship Between Immigration and Criminal Justice Policies

Research in Criminal Justice System

• The Effectiveness of Risk Assessment Tools in Predicting Recidivism
• The Role of Forensic Science in Solving Cold Cases
• The Impact of Body-Worn Cameras on Police Accountability
• The Efficacy of Drug Courts in Reducing Substance-Related Offenses
• The Influence of Sentencing Guidelines on Judicial Discretion
• The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Programs in Correctional Facilities
• The Role of Community Corrections in Reducing Recidivism
• The Impact of Legal Representation Quality on Criminal Justice Outcomes
• The Challenges of Managing Mental Health Issues in Prisons
• The Role of Technology in Modern Policing Strategies
• The Impact of Bail Reform on Pretrial Detention Rates
• The Effectiveness of Juvenile Diversion Programs
• The Relationship Between Poverty and Involvement in the Criminal Justice System
• The Challenges of Reintegrating Ex-Offenders into Society
• The Impact of Mandatory Minimum Sentences on Prison Overcrowding
• The Role of Gender in Criminal Justice Processes
• The Effectiveness of Domestic Violence Intervention Programs
• The Challenges of Cross-Jurisdictional Law Enforcement Coordination
• The Impact of Racial Bias in Jury Selection and Deliberation
• The Use of Predictive Policing and Its Ethical Implications

Criminology Research & Measurement

• The Accuracy of Crime Statistics and Reporting Methods
• The Effectiveness of Crime Mapping in Predicting Crime Hotspots
• The Reliability of Eyewitness Testimony in Criminal Cases
• The Impact of Social Media on Crime Reporting and Perception
• The Use of Biometrics in Criminal Identification and Tracking
• The Role of Victim Surveys in Understanding Crime Trends
• The Effectiveness of Lie Detection Techniques in Criminal Investigations
• The Challenges of Measuring White-Collar and Corporate Crime
• The Impact of Media Coverage on Public Perception of Crime Rates
• The Use of Predictive Analytics in Crime Prevention Strategies
• The Reliability of Forensic Evidence in Criminal Trials
• The Challenges in Measuring the Effectiveness of Policing Strategies
• The Role of Public Opinion Surveys in Shaping Criminal Justice Policies
• The Measurement of Recidivism Rates and Contributing Factors
• The Accuracy of Criminal Profiling Techniques
• The Impact of Technological Advancements on Crime Detection and Prevention
• The Challenges of Quantifying the Social Costs of Crime
• The Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Criminology
• The Effectiveness of Community Policing as Measured by Crime Reduction
• The Challenges in Measuring and Understanding Cybercrime Dynamics

Criminal Justice Research Topics in Types of Crime

• The Rise of Cybercrime: Causes and Prevention Strategies
• Human Trafficking: Global Patterns and Law Enforcement Responses
• White-Collar Crime: Detection, Prevention, and Prosecution
• The Dynamics of Organized Crime and Its Impact on Society
• The Psychology Behind Serial Killings and Mass Murders
• The Evolution of Drug Trafficking and Its Impact on Communities
• The Challenges in Combating Environmental Crimes
• The Phenomenon of Hate Crimes: Causes and Legal Responses
• The Impact of Financial Crimes on the Economy
• The Growing Issue of Elder Abuse and Its Criminal Justice Implications
• The Prevalence and Prevention of Domestic Violence
• The Challenges in Addressing Stalking and Harassment
• The Legal and Social Implications of Identity Theft
• The Effectiveness of Law Enforcement in Combating Arms Trafficking
• The Rise of Vehicle Theft and Chop Shop Operations
• The Impact of Vandalism and Graffiti on Communities
• The Challenges of Policing Public Order Offenses
• The Legal and Ethical Issues Surrounding Assisted Suicide
• The Prevalence of Animal Cruelty and Its Criminal Implications
• The Role of Corruption in Undermining Criminal Justice Systems

Criminal Justice Research Topics about Court Cases

• Court Case Notation Rules
• Rodney King Legacy
• Los Angeles Riots
• Susan Wright Trial
• Aaron Henandez Case
• United States v. Nixon
• Brown v. Board Education
• International Court Justice
• New York Times Co v. Sullivan
• Marbury v. Madison Case

For sure, these are far from all criminal justice research topic ideas that can be suggested by our professional writers with template examples and guides that will meet even most complex criminological assignment types. Remember that criminal justice research paper topics should be within ethical norms. Even if writing about controversial ideas, do best to remain sensitive and respectful!

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Criminal Justice Research Guide

• Literature Reviews
• Research Starters
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Quick Links

• Penfield Library
• Research Guides
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Conducting Literature Reviews

The APA definition of a literature review (from http://www.apa.org/databases/training/method-values.html ):

 Survey of previously published literature on a particular topic to define and clarify a particular problem; summarize previous investigations; and to identify relations, contradictions, gaps, and inconsistencies in the literature, and suggest the next step in solving the problem.

 Literature Reviews should:

• Key concepts that are being researched
• The areas that are ripe for more research—where the gaps and inconsistencies in the literature are
• A critical analysis of research that has been previously conducted
• Will include primary and secondary research
• Be selective—you’ll review many sources, so pick the most important parts of the articles/books.
• Introduction: Provides an overview of your topic, including the major problems and issues that have been studied.
• Discussion of Methodologies:   If there are different types of studies conducted, identifying what types of studies have been conducted is often provided.
• Identification and Discussion of Studies: Provide overview of major studies conducted, and if there have been follow-up studies, identify whether this has supported or disproved results from prior studies.
• Identification of Themes in Literature: If there has been different themes in the literature, these are also discussed in literature reviews.   For example, if you were writing a review of treatment of OCD, cognitive-behavioral therapy and drug therapy would be themes to discuss.
• Conclusion/Discussion—Summarize what you’ve found in your review of literature, and identify areas in need of further research or gaps in the literature.

Finding Literature Reviews in Psycinfo

Because literature reviews are a major part of research in psychology, Psycinfo allows you to easily limit to literature reviews.  In the advanced search screen, you can select "literature review" as the methodology.

Now all you'll need to do is enter your search terms, and your results should show you many literature reviews conducted by professionals on your topic.

When you find an literature review article that is relevant to your topic, you should look at who the authors cite and who is citing the author, so that you can begin to use their research to help you locate sources and conduct your own literature review.  The best way to do that is to use the "Cited References" and "Times Cited" links in Psycinfo, which is pictured below.

This article on procrastination has 423 references, and 48 other articles in psycinfo are citing this literature review.  And, the citations are either available in full text or to request through ILL.  Check out  the article "The Nature of Procrastination" to see how these features work.

By searching for existing literature reviews, and then using the references of those literature reviews to begin your own literature search, you can efficiently gather the best research on a topic.  You'll want to keep in mind that you'll need to summarize and analyze the articles you read, and won't be able to use every single article you choose.

You can use the search box below to get started.

More Help on Conducting Literature Reviews

Adelphi Library's tutorial, Conducting a Literature Review in Education and the Behavioral Sciences covers how to gather sources from library databases for your literature review.

The University of Toronto also provides "A Few Tips on Conducting a Literature Review" that offers some good advice and questions to ask when conducting a literature review.

Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (OWL) has several resources that discuss literature reviews: 

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/666/01/

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/994/04/   (for grad students, but is still offers some good tips and advice for anyone writing a literature review)

Journal articles (covers more than 1,700 periodicals), chapters, books, dissertations and reports on psychology and related fields.

• PsycINFO This link opens in a new window
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CRIJ 4380 - Criminal Justice Research

• Literature Review
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Recommended Databases

• Academic Search Complete

The following are links to databases for criminal justice articles:

• Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection
• Sage Publications Online
• Science Direct

Useful Websites

• Literature Reviews - U of North Carolina This handout will explain what literature reviews are and offer insights into the form and construction of literature reviews in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
• Review of Literature - U of Wisconsin Learn how to write a literature review.
• Write a Literature Review - U of California Santa Cruz Not to be confused with a book review, a literature review surveys scholarly articles, books and other sources (e.g. dissertations, conference proceedings) relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, providing a description, summary, and critical evaluation of each work. The purpose is to offer an overview of significant literature published on a topic.

Quantitative vs Qualitative

• Quantitative and Qualitative What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research? In a nutshell, quantitative research generates numerical data or information that can be converted into numbers. Qualitative Research on the other hand generates non-numerical data.
• Quantitative and Qualitative Research Discusses the differences between the two and includes a table for reference.
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