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P roject 2025, the policy agenda for Former President Trump’s potential first year back in the White House published by the far right conservative think tank the Heritage Foundation, has been making waves recently. Some of the many destructive proposals within the agenda include the elimination of the U.S. Department of Education —along with federal education funding and any civil rights protections—and the diversion of public money to private school voucher programs instead.
Make no mistake: The goal is to end public education. But dismantling our public schools isn’t just the plan if Trump is reelected—it is already happening.
We are on the brink of a new wave of public school closures , another step in the decades-long project to divest and dismantle the institution of public school. Disguised as “school choice,” federal, state, local, and private actors have prioritized paying for private and charter schools, hoarding educational resources for the haves and depleting resources for the have-nots.
The policies that Project 2025 plans to prioritize—government payments to families sending their children to private school and creation of new charter schools that are run like businesses—have expanded in the last few years, starving public school districts that serve all students of already insufficient resources. In the 2023-24 school year, at least 70 school districts, including in San Antonio, Texas , Jackson, Mississippi , and Wichita, Kansas , announced permanent closures of public schools, impacting millions of students. These districts are resorting to the harmful, discriminatory, and ineffective so-called ‘solution’ of closing schools in Black and Latine communities, stripping those communities of their local public schools.
Read More: Everything Biden and Trump Have Said About the Controversial Project 2025
Here’s how it works: Concerned about shrinking enrollments and budget crises, district leaders conclude that they must close schools, often without any evidence or analysis that it would save money—and, indeed, it hasn’t been shown to save money unless coupled with mass layoffs. They hire consultants who come up with “utilization” rates and then recommend closing schools with the lowest rates to “rightsize” the district—their euphemism for their misguided belief that school facility usage should be guided by arbitrary numbers instead of meeting communities where they are.
The problem is that “utilization”—a school’s enrollment over its supposed capacity—is stacked against schools that have experienced historic underfunding and disinvestment in facilities repairs, curricula, extracurricular opportunities, and staff. These same schools disproportionately serve Black and Latine students, English Learner students, students with disabilities, and students living in poverty.
Closing schools is demonstrably harmful—and has real-life impact. Research on the mass urban school closures from 2012 to 2014 overwhelmingly found that academic outcomes suffered , particularly for low-performing students. A May 2024 study from Brown University linked the experience of a school closure to “decreases in post-secondary education attainment, employment, and earnings at ages 25–27.” Additionally, closures force families to travel farther to get to schools that are not in their communities, making it harder to form relationships with staff, join extracurriculars, or get involved in parent organizations.
These communities are also often the first to lose access to the benefits of neighborhood public schools, which act as essential gathering places for social services and community resources like adult education, polling locations, a place to hold community meetings, and access to democratic community control through school board elections.
There are more equitable and educationally sound approaches than the lazy, unjust, self-sabotaging—and all too common—approach of spending money on consultants to tell districts what they have already decided to do: close the schools they value least, relying on metrics that target symptoms of their systemic neglect, and playing into the conservative agenda to make public schools obsolete.
Districts have better options to address budget woes. They can start a community-driven process to reshape the budget, wherein multiple stakeholders—rather than a selected few—play an active role in setting district budget priorities. Districts can also employ community-led assessments of how they use buildings, allowing school communities, particularly those historically marginalized, to request the resources, support, and spaces they need.
At the very least, districts should integrate equity requirements into school closure proposals, for instance, by incorporating community-based equity audits into decision-making. States can also follow California’s lead by requiring and robustly enforcing equity safeguards for any decisions to close schools.
Young people and their communities deserve better than districts repeatedly making the same mistakes. District leaders must stop listening to expensive consultants and closing much-loved and needed schools, and instead, must listen to the communities they serve and focus on solutions that put students first. Local, state and federal governments must fully and equitably fund public schools—schools obligated to take and educate everyone—and stop diverting money to a system of charter and private schools where students and families are forced to compete for a limited pool of high quality resources for a select few.
Project 2025 is not an inevitability—it is a call to action for anyone who cares about public education in this country. Our public school system requires more resources to create better school environments for everyone. We need investment in our public schools—not closures.
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Placebo effects are striking demonstrations of mind-body interactions 1,2 . During pain perception, in the absence of any treatment, an expectation of pain relief can reduce the experience of pain, a phenomenon known as placebo analgesia 3–6 . However, despite the strength of placebo effects and their impact on everyday human experience and failure of clinical trials for new therapeutics 7 , the neural circuit basis of placebo effects has remained elusive. Here, we show that analgesia from the expectation of pain relief is mediated by rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) neurons that project to the pontine nucleus (rACC→Pn), a pre-cerebellar nucleus with no established function in pain. We created a behavioral assay that generates placebo-like anticipatory pain relief in mice. In vivo calcium imaging of neural activity and electrophysiological recordings in brain slices showed that expectations of pain relief boost the activity of rACC→Pn neurons and potentiate neurotransmission in this pathway. Transcriptomic studies of Pn neurons revealed an abundance of opioid receptors, further suggesting a role in pain modulation. Inhibition of the rACC→Pn pathway disrupted placebo analgesia and decreased pain thresholds, whereas activation elicited analgesia in the absence of placebo conditioning. Finally, Purkinje cells exhibited activity patterns resembling those of rACC→Pn neurons during pain relief expectation, providing cellular-level evidence of a role for the cerebellum in cognitive pain modulation. These findings open the possibility of targeting this prefrontal cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway with drugs or neurostimulation to treat pain.
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Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Chong Chen, Jesse K. Niehaus, Karen L. Huang, Alexander L. Barnette, Adrien Tassou, Adam Hantman & Grégory Scherrer
UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Chong Chen, Jesse K. Niehaus, Karen L. Huang, Alexander L. Barnette, Adrien Tassou, Kimberly Ritola, Adam Hantman & Grégory Scherrer
Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Chong Chen, Jesse K. Niehaus, Karen L. Huang, Alexander L. Barnette, Adrien Tassou, Kimberly Ritola & Grégory Scherrer
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
S. Andrew Shuster
Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
Lihua Wang & Andrew Lemire
Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Vilas Menon
Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
Hongkui Zeng
James H. Clark Center for Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Mark J. Schnitzer
CNC Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Fatih Dinc & Mark J. Schnitzer
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Correspondence to Grégory Scherrer .
Supplementary table 1.
Marker genes for each Pn neuron cluster (related to Fig.5). The spreadsheet contains 10 tabs, each corresponding to a cluster of Pn neurons classified in Fig.5b. In each tab, genes with a log effect size greater than 0.5 are listed.
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Chen, C., Niehaus, J.K., Dinc, F. et al. Neural circuit basis of placebo pain relief. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07816-z
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Received : 07 December 2022
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Published : 24 July 2024
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07816-z
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How do placebos ease pain mouse brain study offers clues.
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Title: berkeley humanoid: a research platform for learning-based control.
Abstract: We introduce Berkeley Humanoid, a reliable and low-cost mid-scale humanoid research platform for learning-based control. Our lightweight, in-house-built robot is designed specifically for learning algorithms with low simulation complexity, anthropomorphic motion, and high reliability against falls. The robot's narrow sim-to-real gap enables agile and robust locomotion across various terrains in outdoor environments, achieved with a simple reinforcement learning controller using light domain randomization. Furthermore, we demonstrate the robot traversing for hundreds of meters, walking on a steep unpaved trail, and hopping with single and double legs as a testimony to its high performance in dynamical walking. Capable of omnidirectional locomotion and withstanding large perturbations with a compact setup, our system aims for scalable, sim-to-real deployment of learning-based humanoid systems. Please check this http URL for more details.
Comments: | 12 pages, 9 figures |
Subjects: | Robotics (cs.RO) |
Cite as: | [cs.RO] |
(or [cs.RO] for this version) | |
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F. N. Kerlinger. Research Methods in Education: An Introduction. Article. Nov 1971. William J. Bramble. John W. Best. Armand J. Galfo. William Wiersma. PDF | On Dec 26, 2016, Patanjali Mishra ...
PDF | On Dec 26, 2016, Patanjali Mishra published इकाई-7 शोध समया क परभाषा एवं शोध समया चु नने का आधार (Definition of ...
वैचारिक तूफ़ान को शोध एक सृजनात्मक आयाम देता है व अस्तित्व में ...
Research Methodology and Statistics खड 1 शोध प ितय और सांि यक का प रचय इकाई इकाई 2 शोध योजना तैयार करना एवं ˜ितचयन इकाई इकाई इकाई 3 आकड़ का िव#ेषण ं इकाई इकाई
कैसे एक शोधपत्र (Research Paper) लिखें. स्कूल की ऊंची कक्षाओं में पढ़ने के दौरान और कॉलेज पीरियड में हमेशा ही, आपको शोध-पत्र तैयार करने के लिए कहा जाएगा। एक शोध ...
Download file PDF Read file. Download file PDF. Read file. Download citation. Copy link Link copied. ... International Jou rnal of Hindi Research. ISSN: 2455-2232 . Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 .
के लए सव थम एक शोध बंध ताव (Research Project Proposal) का 3नमाण करना होता है। आपका शोध बंध ताव -व.व-वयालय वारा वी कार कर लये जाने के प, चात शोध ब˝ध काय को पूण ...
The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access. ... Hindi Kaviyon ki Kahaniyo ka Samikshatmak Adhyayan: Yadav, Anugya: Khare, Neeraj: 7-Jun-2024: Rashtravad Bhartiya Rashtriya Aandolan aur Premchand: Gupta, Vinay Kumar:
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भाषा : हिंदी | फ्री | पृष्ठ:272 | साइज:12.74 MB | लेखक:बी. एम. जैन - B. M. Jain | Research ...
pravashi hindi sahityo me vyakt bhartiya evam pashchyat sanskruti ka sangharsh: sarvaiya mayur parshotambhai: ravjibhai m rathod: 8-Aug-2023: gujarati ek malvi lokgeet loknatya lok sahitya ke drashyo shravygt anushilan: pargi nayna v: Gamit, N.T. 8-Aug-2023: hindi ki peamukh mahila kahanikaro ke kahani sahitya me nirupit samajik samashya
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FOR HINDI 1. शोध-विषय का चnनाि - स्िरूप और उदेश्य : प्रl`ंmिक तv_l`n-fyधlर्थी की दoर्बलतlएं - meg_ कvhuचoनu? अनohंधlन कl meg_
अनुसंधान का अर्थ (Meaning of Research) अनुसंधान की परिभाषा (Definition of Research) उद्देश्य (Objectives of Research) अनुसन्धान का वर्गीकरण (Classification of Research) योगदान की दृष्टि से ...
Notes of M.Ed 1st, Research methodology METHODOLOGY__HINDI.pdf - Study Material. Experience Teachmint X - AI driven Interactive Flat Panels and Smart Boards ... METHODOLOGY__HINDI.pdf b-tech. Researchmethodology. 2 Likes. 141 Views. Copied to clipboard M. Mukesh singh. Jan 18, 2022. Study Material. MAED-04.pdf b-tech. Teaching.
यहाँ एक रिसर्च डिज़ाइन के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण तत्व है: 1. एकत्रित विवरण का एनालिसिस करने के लिए लागू की गई विधि 2. रिसर्च पद्धति का प्रकार 3 ...
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The focus of this paper is on learning Hindi through project-based activities, which represent an efficient approach to managing the challenging mixed-abilities language classroom in New York University. The goal of the paper is to describe some particular projects and their stages along with the general objectives and outcomes.
Document Date & Version Researcher Date & Version Hindi. 06.01.2023 [Insert consent form title] mm/dd/yyyy Version 1.0 Version x.x Page 1 of 2 Title: TEMPLATE_Consent_Short_Hindi_v1.0_2023.06.01 Keywords: #Consent # Created Date: 12/27/2022 5:50:00 PM Other titles:
Project 2025 is not an inevitability—it is a call to action for anyone who cares about public education in this country. Our public school system requires more resources to create better school ...
The concept of postmodern geography undoubtedly belongs mong one of the most frequently debated topics in discussions about the nature of present-day geography.
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DEI and LGBTQ Rights: Project 2025 seeks to eliminate diversity, equity and inclusion programs from throughout the federal government and in universities, and while it doesn't outlaw same-sex ...
Placebo effects are striking demonstrations of mind-body interactions 1,2. During pain perception, in the absence of any treatment, an expectation of pain relief can reduce the experience of pain ...
Request PDF | On Dec 26, 2016, Patanjali Mishra published शोध प्रतिवेदन लेखन Writing a Research Report | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate.
We introduce Berkeley Humanoid, a reliable and low-cost mid-scale humanoid research platform for learning-based control. Our lightweight, in-house-built robot is designed specifically for learning algorithms with low simulation complexity, anthropomorphic motion, and high reliability against falls. The robot's narrow sim-to-real gap enables agile and robust locomotion across various terrains ...
Research Proposal. Full-text available. May 2020. Noushad Husain. PDF | The book provides in details about the different topics related to "Research in Education". | Find, read and cite all the ...