claim definition in essay

What Is a Claim in Writing? [Explained + 30 Examples]

Ever wondered what gives a piece of writing its backbone? It’s the claim!

A claim is what sets the stage for your argument, providing a clear and compelling statement that you’ll back up with evidence. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about claims in writing, from the different types to how to create them step-by-step.

But first, let’s fully answer the main question, What is a claim in writing?

Here Is the Definition of a Claim in Writing:

A claim is a debatable statement that forms the core of your argument. Unlike a fact, which is indisputable, a claim requires evidence and justification. It’s the statement around which the rest of the essay or piece revolves. In essence, a claim is what you’re trying to prove to your reader.

Person writing in a notebook on a cozy desk - What Is a Claim in Writing

Table of Contents

Types of Claims

There are many different types of claims you need to know:

Example : “Climate change is caused by human activities.”
Support : Temperature records, scientific studies.
Example : “Social media negatively impacts mental health.”
Support : Psychological studies, expert opinions.
Example : “The government should implement stricter gun control laws.”
Support : Crime statistics, case studies of other countries.
Example : “Regular exercise improves mental health.”
Support : Health studies, testimonials.
Example : “Freedom of speech includes the right to criticize the government.”
Support : Legal precedents, philosophical arguments.
Example : “Electric cars are more efficient than gasoline cars.”
Support : Efficiency studies, environmental impact reports.

How to Write Effective Claims

To write effective claims, start with a clear statement, support that statement, and apply the best practices below.

Clarity and Precision

An effective claim is clear and precise. It should be specific enough to be arguable and focused enough to be manageable within the scope of your essay. Ambiguous or overly broad claims can confuse readers and weaken your argument.

Example of a weak claim : “Technology is bad.”

Example of a strong claim : “The overuse of technology in classrooms can hinder students’ social skills and critical thinking abilities.”

Debatable and Supportable

A good claim is debatable, meaning that it presents a point that some people might disagree with.

If everyone agrees with your claim, there’s no argument to be made. Additionally, your claim must be supportable with evidence. You should be able to back up your claim with facts, statistics, expert opinions, and real-life examples.

Example : “Lowering the voting age to 16 would lead to more informed and engaged citizens.”

Strategies for Writing Effective Claims

Example : Instead of “Pollution is bad,” say “Air pollution in urban areas increases respiratory health issues.”
Example : “Implementing renewable energy sources will reduce carbon emissions.”
Example : For a local audience, “Banning plastic bags in our city will reduce local waterway pollution.”
Example : “School uniforms improve student discipline and focus.”
Example : “Universal healthcare will decrease overall healthcare costs.”

Supporting Your Claims

One of the most important parts of how to write a claim is to come up with good support.

You’ll want to explore the evidence, counterclaims, and rebuttals.

Types of Evidence

Supporting a claim involves providing evidence and analyzing how that evidence backs up your claim. Different types of evidence include:

Example : “According to the CDC, smoking is responsible for over 480,000 deaths per year in the U.S.”
Example : “Dr. Smith, a renowned cardiologist, states that regular exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease.”
Example : “My friend quit smoking and noticed significant improvements in his health within months.”
Example : “Just as a balanced diet is essential for physical health, a balanced curriculum is vital for educational success.”

Counterclaims and Rebuttals

Addressing counterclaims is crucial in strengthening your argument. Acknowledging opposing viewpoints and then refuting them shows that you have considered different perspectives and have a well-rounded understanding of the issue.

Example : “While some argue that 16-year-olds lack the maturity to vote responsibly, studies indicate that younger voters are just as capable of making informed decisions as older voters, especially when given the appropriate civic education.”

Developing the Argument

Each body paragraph should focus on a single supporting point for your claim.

Start with a topic sentence that introduces the point, followed by evidence and analysis that supports it. Include a counterclaim and rebuttal to demonstrate critical thinking and thorough understanding.

Topic Sentence : “Mental health education helps reduce stigma and promotes awareness.”
Evidence : Studies showing decreased stigma in schools with mental health programs.
Analysis : Explain how awareness leads to early intervention and better outcomes.
Counterclaim : “Some argue that discussing mental health in schools could lead to increased anxiety among students.”
Rebuttal : “However, research indicates that education reduces anxiety by providing students with coping strategies and support.”

Structuring Your Argument

People often overlook the power of structure — yet, a good structure can make or break your claim.

As a quick overview, the structure is:

Introduction
Development

Introduction of a Claim

In the introduction, present your claim clearly and concisely. It should be part of your thesis statement, which outlines the main argument of your essay.

Example : “To address the growing mental health crisis among adolescents, schools should implement mandatory mental health education, which has been shown to improve students’ well-being and academic performance.”

Summarize your main points and restate your claim in a way that underscores its importance.

Highlight the broader implications of your argument and suggest areas for further research or action.

Example : “In conclusion, mandatory mental health education in schools is a crucial step towards addressing the mental health crisis among adolescents. By reducing stigma and providing essential support, these programs can lead to a healthier, more informed student population.”

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Over the years, I’ve noticed patterns of mistakes when it comes to writing claims.

Avoid these common claim writing mistakes to level up your persuasive prowess.

Overly Broad Claims

Claims that are too broad can be difficult to support with evidence. Narrow your focus to a specific aspect of the issue.

Example of a broad claim : “Technology affects education.”

Revised claim : “The integration of artificial intelligence in education can enhance personalized learning experiences.”

Unsupported Claims

Claims without evidence are simply opinions. Ensure that every claim is backed up with solid evidence.

Example of an unsupported claim : “Social media is bad for teenagers.”

Supported claim : “Social media usage among teenagers is linked to higher rates of anxiety and depression, according to multiple studies.”

Vague Language

Avoid vague language that can confuse readers. Be specific and clear in your assertions.

Example of vague language : “People should be healthier.”

Revised language : “Regular exercise and a balanced diet are essential for maintaining physical health and preventing chronic diseases.”

Lack of Counterarguments

Ignoring counterarguments can weaken your position.

Addressing and refuting counterclaims shows that you have considered multiple perspectives.

Example : “While some argue that electric cars are too expensive, government incentives and falling battery costs are making them more affordable.”

Check out this popular and helpful video about claims in writing:

Examples of Claims in Writing

In this section, I’ve put together 100 examples of claims in writing.

Read through them and see if you can spot the different tips and techniques that we’ve covered throughout his guide.

Fact Claims

“The global population has surpassed 8 billion people.”
“Renewable energy sources are now cheaper than fossil fuels.”
“Honey never spoils and can last indefinitely.”
“The Amazon rainforest produces 20% of the world’s oxygen.”
“Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system.”
“Human brains continue to develop until the age of 25.”
“Eating too much sugar can lead to type 2 diabetes.”
“The Great Wall of China is visible from space.”
“Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.”
“More people die from car accidents than plane crashes.”

Value Claims

“A vegetarian diet is healthier than a meat-based diet.”
“Classical literature is more enriching than modern fiction.”
“Handwritten letters are more personal than emails.”
“Watching too much television is bad for children’s development.”
“Recycling is the best way to combat waste.”
“Public libraries are essential to community development.”
“High school should start later in the morning.”
“Art is a vital part of human culture.”
“Learning a second language is crucial in today’s global society.”
“Exercise is the best way to maintain mental health.”

Policy Claims

“Governments should invest more in renewable energy sources.”
“The legal drinking age should be raised to 21.”
“Schools should require students to wear uniforms.”
“The use of plastic bags should be banned worldwide.”
“Healthcare should be free for all citizens.”
“Public transportation should be expanded in urban areas.”
“Corporations should be held accountable for their carbon emissions.”
“Voting should be mandatory for all eligible citizens.”
“There should be stricter regulations on data privacy.”
“The minimum wage should be increased to reflect the cost of living.”

Definition Claims

“Success is defined by personal happiness, not wealth.”
“Freedom of speech includes the right to offend.”
“Art encompasses all forms of creative expression.”
“Patriotism means supporting your country but also criticizing it.”
“Leadership is about inspiring others, not commanding them.”
“Intelligence includes emotional awareness and interpersonal skills.”
“Justice means equality for all, regardless of background.”
“Democracy requires active participation from its citizens.”
“Innovation is the process of creating new and useful ideas.”
“Beauty is subjective and varies across cultures.”

Cause and Effect Claims

“Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity.”
“Excessive screen time can cause eye strain and headaches.”
“A lack of exercise can lead to obesity.”
“Poor nutrition can affect cognitive development in children.”
“Climate change causes more frequent and severe weather events.”
“Social isolation can lead to mental health issues.”
“Pollution contributes to respiratory problems.”
“Lack of sleep negatively impacts academic performance.”
“Economic inequality leads to social unrest.”
“Regular physical activity reduces the risk of chronic diseases.”

Additional Fact Claims

“Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat.”
“Sharks have existed for over 400 million years.”
“The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.”
“The human genome contains approximately 20,000-25,000 genes.”
“Electric cars have lower lifetime carbon emissions than gasoline cars.”
“Mount Everest is the tallest mountain above sea level.”
“The Earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen.”
“The average human body temperature is approximately 98.6°F (37°C).”
“Water is a universal solvent.”
“Venus spins in the opposite direction to most other planets.”

Additional Value Claims

“Music education should be a part of every school curriculum.”
“Reading daily improves cognitive function.”
“Volunteering is a rewarding and valuable experience.”
“Traveling broadens one’s perspective and understanding of the world.”
“Meditation is beneficial for mental and emotional well-being.”
“Healthy relationships are key to a fulfilling life.”
“Supporting local businesses strengthens communities.”
“Sustainable living is crucial for future generations.”
“Outdoor activities are essential for a healthy lifestyle.”
“Creativity is an important skill in any profession.”

Additional Policy Claims

“The government should subsidize renewable energy projects.”
“Education reform is necessary to improve public schools.”
“There should be stricter gun control laws.”
“Mental health services should be more accessible.”
“The use of fossil fuels should be heavily taxed.”
“Public parks should be preserved and maintained.”
“There should be incentives for companies to reduce their carbon footprint.”
“Urban planning should prioritize green spaces.”
“Sex education should be mandatory in schools.”
“The criminal justice system needs significant reform.”

Additional Definition Claims

“Work-life balance means prioritizing personal time as much as work.”
“Friendship is based on mutual respect and understanding.”
“Success in life is achieving one’s personal goals and happiness.”
“Innovation is the application of better solutions to meet new requirements.”
“Equality means providing the same opportunities for all individuals.”
“A hero is someone who acts selflessly for the benefit of others.”
“Integrity is adhering to moral and ethical principles.”
“Creativity is the ability to generate original ideas.”
“Education is the process of facilitating learning and acquisition of knowledge.”
“Respect means acknowledging the worth and dignity of others.”

Additional Cause and Effect Claims

“Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver disease.”
“Lack of parental involvement can affect a child’s academic performance.”
“Air pollution contributes to global warming.”
“Regular exercise improves mental health.”
“Stress can lead to high blood pressure.”
“Deforestation can cause soil erosion.”
“Smoking during pregnancy can harm fetal development.”
“High sugar intake can lead to cavities.”
“Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss.”
“Inadequate sleep can impair immune function.”

Final Thoughts: What Is a Claim in Writing?

Writing a strong claim is like laying the foundation for a great argument. It’s the starting point that guides your entire piece.

Remember, a good claim is clear, specific, and backed by solid evidence. Don’t be afraid to take a stance and make your argument compelling. Happy writing, and may your claims always be strong and persuasive!

How to Write an Effective Claim (with Examples)

Formulating a claim for your essay can be difficult even if you are already a masterful debater — especially if you are not quite sure what a claim is, and how it may differ from a counterclaim or thesis statement. This guide will make it easy to decide on your claim!

Essay Claim Basics

In essay writing, a claim can most succinctly be defined as "a debatable statement" — which the writer then defends with supporting evidence and rhetoric. It is easy to confuse a claim and a thesis statement, because the thesis is indeed a type of claim as well. Essays can contain further claims that orbit the topic of the thesis statement, however.

Claims straddle the line between opinion and fact. If you're hoping to make a strong claim that seamlessly fits into a powerful essay, you will need to make sure that your claim ticks the right boxes:

Your claim can debated — solid arguments can be made both in favor and against. Therefore, statements such as "I live in Queens" or "Joe Biden is the President" are not claims. In an argumentative essay, "the death penalty should be abolished" is an example of a claim. Even scientific papers make claims, such as "Keyboards contain more germs than toilet seats", which can be tested. These are called hypotheses.
You will state your claim as a matter of fact. "Many people oppose the death penalty, and with good reason" is not a good claim, but "the death penalty is no longer an appropriate punishment in modern America" can be.
Your claim is sufficiently specific to allow you to explore all aspects that you intend to tackle. "The Victorian era was Britain's darkest era" give you more bite than you can comfortably chew. "Fast food should be taxed to reduce obesity rates" is more specific.

Types of Claim (With Examples!)

Claims are debatable statements, but there are numerous different types. If you have specifically been asked to present a claim in an essay, you may be able to choose what kind of claim you would like to work with.

1. Claim of Fact or Definition

In research essays, a claim of fact or definition is one that defines a fact, as you see it, and proceeds to lay out the evidence in favor of the claim. Here are some examples to show you how it works:

Plant species are becoming extinct at a faster rate than animal species, yet the plight of plants has been overlooked.
Amazon's Alexa has revolutionized many people's daily lives — but this appliance also makes us vulnerable to new forms of hacking.
Commercial air travel transformed the way in which we do business.

2. Claim of Cause & Effect

In a claim of cause and effect, you argue that one thing causes another, such as:

Internet gaming has a widespread negative effect on students' grades.
Lax enforcement of preventative measures against Covid has enabled the pandemic to continue for much longer than it need have.
Playing jigsaw puzzles leads to novel cognitive connections that help senior citizens stay sharp.

3. Claim of Value

Claims of value are more heavily opinion-based than other types of claims. If you are making a claim of value, you will usually want to compare two things. For example:

George W Bush was a better President than George W H Bush.
Emotional health is just as important as physical health.
Stephen King is the best horror writer of al time.

4. Claim of Solution or Policy

Claims of solution or policy state a position on a proposed course of action. In high school and college essays, they typically focus on something that should be done, or something that should no longer be done. Examples might include:

Depressed patients should always be offered talk therapy before they receive a prescription for antidepressants.
The United States should not accept refugees from Afghanistan.
First-time offenders should be given lighter sentences.

Claim vs. Counterclaim vs. Thesis Statement

If you've been told to make an essay claim, you may be confused about the differences between a claim, counterclaim, and thesis statement. That's understandable, because some people believe that there's no difference between a claim and a thesis statement.

There are important distinctions between these three concepts, however, and if you want to write a killer essay, it's important to be aware of them:

A thesis statement is the very foundation of your essay — everything else rests on it. The thesis statement should contain no more than one or two sentences, and summarize the heart of your argument. "Regular exercise has consistently been shown to increase productivity in the workplace. Therefore, employers should offer office workers, who would otherwise be largely sedentary, opportunities to work out."
A claim is a statement you can defend with arguments and evidence. A thesis statement is a type of claim, but you'll want to include other claims that fit neatly into the subject matter as well. For instance, "Employers should establish gyms for employees."
A counterclaim is a statement that contradicts, refutes, or opposes a claim. Why would you want to argue against yourself? You can do so to show that arguments that oppose the claim are weak. For instance, "Many employers would balk at the idea of facilitating costly exercise classes or providing a gym space — employees can work out in their own time, after all. Why should the boss pay for workers to engage in recreational activities at work? Recent studies have shown, however, that workplaces that have incorporated aerobics classes enjoy 120% increase in productivity, showing that this step serves the bottom line."

Together, a thesis statement, claims, and some well-placed counterclaims make up the threads of your story, leading to a coherent essay that is interesting to read.

How to Write an Effective Claim

Now that you've seen some examples, you are well on your way to writing an effective claim for your essay. Need some extra tips? We've got you covered.

First things first — how do you start a claim in an essay? Your claim sentence or sentences should be written in the active voice, starting with the subject, so that your readers can immediately understand what you are talking about.

They'll be formulated as an "[Subject] should be [proposed action], because [argument]. You can stay with this general structure while making different word choices, however, such as:

It is about time that
We have an obligation to
Is the only logical choice
It is imperative that

Once you have formulated a claim, you will want to see if you can hook your readers with an interesting or provocative statement that can really get them thinking. You will want to break your argument down into sections. This will lead you to sub-claims. If your claim is your main argument, your sub-claims are smaller arguments that work to support it. They will typically appear naturally once you contemplate the subject deeply — just brainstorm, and as you research, keep considering why your claim is true. The reasons you come up with will sprout sub-claims.

Still not sure what to write? Take a look at these examples of strong claim statements:

A lack of work experience has proven to be the main barrier to finding satisfying employment, so businesses should be incentivized to hire recent graduates.
The rise in uncertified "emotional support animals" directly causes suffering for people suffering from severe pet dander allergies. Such pets must be outlawed in public places to alleviate the very real harm allergy patients now experience on a daily basis.
Emerging private space exploration ventures may be exciting, but they greatly increase CO2 emissions. At a time when the planet is in crisis, private space exploration should be banned.

Additional Tips in Writing a Claim the Right Way

You now know what you need to include in a claim paragraph to leave a strong impression. Understanding what not to do is equally important, however.

Take a stand — if you're writing an argumentative essay, it is perfectly OK to take a controversial opinion, and no matter what you write, it is bound to have the potential to offend someone . Don't sit on the fence. Even when you're defending a position you disagree with, embrace it wholeheartedly.
Narrow your claim down. The more specific you can get, the more compelling your argument can be, and the more depth you can add to each aspect of your argument.
Have fun! You want your essay to be interesting to read, and any genuine passion you have will be apparent.
Choose the right subject — one about which you can find a lot of data and facts.

What should you avoid in writing a claim, you wonder? Don't:

Use any first-person statements. The claim is about your ideas, not about you.
Base your claim on emotional appeal. You can work some pathos in, but don't make feelings your center.
Clutter your claim with too many separate ideas, which will make the rest of your essay harder to read, less powerful, and unwieldy for you to develop.

How do you use a claim?

When you're writing your essay, you can think of the thesis statement as the spine. The claims you make are, then, your "ribs", so to speak. If you prefer a different analogy, the thesis is your trunk, and the claims branches. You use them to build a strong final product that shows you have considered all aspects of your argument, and can back them up with evidence and logic.

What is a good way to start a claim?

You can start with a shocking fact, objective data from a reliable source, or even an anecdote — or, if you prefer, you can simply offer your argument without bells and whistles.

Can a claim be in a paragraph or is it a single sentence only?

Claims are almost always limited to a single sentence. It can be a long compound sentence, though! The claim does not have to remain all alone in the paragraph. You can immediately surround it with rhetorical punches or further facts.

What are some examples of argumentative claims?

So, you want to learn to argue like a pro? Watching speeches politicians make is a great way to look out for claims, and court transcripts and academic debates are two other places you can look for great argumentative claims.

Is there a claim generator you can use?

Yes! Some claim generators are free to use, while others require a subscription. These tools can be interesting to play with, and can serve as inspiration. However, it's always best to tweak your final claim to fit your needs.